• 대한영상의학회지
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• 제84권5호
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• pp.1094-1109
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• 2023

목적 대장암 환자에서 선행화학요법(neoadjuvant chemotherapy; 이하 NAC)의 반응을 CT를 이용한 종양퇴행등급(CT-based tumor regression grade; 이하 ctTRG)으로 예측할 수 있는지를 알아보고자 한 연구이다. 대상과 방법 총 53명을 대상으로 NAC 전후 종양의 길이, 두께, 장벽의 패턴과 모양으로 ctTRG를 정하고 부피도 측정했다. 병리 종양퇴행등급(pathologic TRG; 이하 pTRG)을 반응 평가의 기준으로 ctTRG와 연관성을 평가했다. Rödel's TRG 2, 3 그리고 4를 반응군으로 분류하였다. ctTRG와 부피변화로 반응군 및 병리완전퇴행(pathologic complete remission; 이하 pCR)을 예측하는 성능을 비교하였다. 결과 ctTRG와 pTRG는 moderate의 연관성을 보였다(ρ = -0.540). 관찰자간 신뢰도는 substantial으로 보였다(weighted κ = 0.672). 반응군을 예측하는데 ctTRG와 volume 변화의 성능은 유의미한 차이를 보이지 않았다(ctTRG의 Az = 0.749, 반응기준: ctTRG ≤ 3, volume 변화의 Az = 0.794, 반응기준: ≤ -27.1%, p = 0.53). pCR을 예측하는 두 방법 간의 성능도 차이가 없었다(p = 0.447). 결론 ctTRG는 대장암에 NAC 후 반응을 예측할 수 있었고, 그 성능은 종양부피변화 방법과 차이가 없었다.

• 한국항행학회논문지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.347-352
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• 2014

본 논문에서는 멀티 서비스 무선 인지 망에서 2 차 사용자의 비 실시간 호의 강제 종료율을 줄이기 위한 마르코프 큐잉모델(M/M/1)을 기반으로 하는 호 수락제어를 제안한다. 멀티 서비스 무선 인지 망에서 2 차 사용자 호를 제어하는 기존의 방법에서는 가용 스펙트럼 홀을 실시간 사용자에게 우선 할당함으로써 비실시간 사용자 호의 강제 종료율이 증가하게 된다. 이를 해결하기 위해 제안된 기법은 비실시간 호의 서비스 품질 특성을 고려하여 가용채널이 생길 때까지 큐잉 시스템에서 대기한 후, 서비스를 지속하게 하여 강제 종료율을 줄인다. 1 차 사용자의 재출현은 신경망 기법으로 예측한다. 시뮬레이션을 통하여 2 차 사용자 호의 강제 종료율, 지연특성, 스펙트럼 사용효율을 분석하고, 기존의 방법과 비교하여 비실시간 호의 강제 종료율을 줄일 수 있음을 보인다.

• 대한금속재료학회지
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• 제49권4호
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• pp.275-280
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• 2011

This paper focuses on reliability prediction of long-term creep strength for Modified 9Cr-1Mo steel (Gr. 91) which is considered as one of the structural materials of next generation reactor systems. A "Z-parameter" method was introduced to describe the magnitude of standard deviation of creep rupture data to the master curve which can be plotted by log stress vs. The larson-Miller parameter (LMP). Statistical analysis showed that the scattering of the Z-parameter for the Gr. 91 steel well followed normal distribution. Using this normal distribution of the Z-parameter, the various reliability curves for creep strength design, such as stress-time temperature parameter reliability curves (${\sigma}$-TTP-R curves), stress-rupture time-reliability curves (${\sigma}-t_{r}-R$ curves), and allowable stress-temperature- reliability curves ([${\sigma}$]-T-R curves) were reasonably drawn, and their results are discussed.

• International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.95-101
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• 2002

The propagation rate(da/dt) prediction parameter and the microstructure properties of creep crack in domestic 3.3NiCrMov steel were investigated at 550$\^{C}$ by using 0.5" CT specimen under constant load(4090N) and constant Ct(300∼4000N/mhr) condition that was maintained during crack growth of 1mm distance. C＊ usually increased with crack length though load was reduced in order to maintain constant Ct value as crack growth and considerably showed the scatter band, but Ct depended on load line displacement rate and represented a good relation with da/dt. At constant toad and Ct region, crack growth slope was 0.900 and 0.844 each, in the other hand C＊ slope was 0.480. Fully coalesced area(FCA) ahead of crack tip was increased as Ct value increase to the critical value, and after that value FCA decreased. The average diameter ditribution of cavity in FCA showed the greatest value about 1.5 ㎛ when Ct=2000N/mhr. The increasing of Ct in FCA view point enlarged the size of damage area and the size reached to maximum 800 ㎛ when Ct=2000N/mhr.

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제13권3호통권33호
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• pp.100-107
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• 1999

Due to the high temperature and pressure, the materials of pipeline in power plant are degraded by creep damage. So far, many conventional measurement techniques such as replica method, electric resistance method, adn hardness test method for creep damage have been used. Among them, the replica method has mainly been used for the inspection of components. But this technique is restricted to the applications at the surface of the objects and cannot be used to material inside. In this paper, the measuring methods of evaluation by using ultrasonic attenuation and electric resistance for the creep detection of creep damage in the form of cavities on grain boundaries or intergranular microcracks were carried out. Absolute measuring method of quantitave ultrasonic attenuation technique for 1Cr0.5Mo material degradation was analyzed for determining the creep degradation steps using life prediction formula. As a result of measurement for creep specimens, we founded that the coefficient of utrasonic attenuation was increased as the increase of creep life fracton(${phi}c$) and the decreasing rate of wlwctric resistance was also increased.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제8권12호
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• pp.1649-1657
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• 2005

In this paper, a fast implementation of JPEG is discussed and its application to multimedia service is presented for mobile wireless internet. A fast JPEG player is developed based on several fast algorithms for mobile handset. In the color transformation, RCT is adopted instead of ICT for JPEG source. For the most time-consuming DCT part, the binDCT can reduce the decoding time. In upsampling and RGB conversion, the transformation from YCbCr to RGB 16 bit is made at one time. In some parts, assembly language is applied for high-speed. Also, an implementation of multimedia in mobile handset is described using MJPEG (Motion JPEG) and QCELP(Qualcomm Code Excited Linear Prediction Coding). MJPEG and QCELP are used for video and sound, which are synchronized in handset. For the play of MJPEG, the decoder is implemented as a S/W upon the MSM 5500 baseband chip using the fast JPEG decoder. For the play of QCELP, the embedded QCELP player in handset is used. The implemented multimedia player has a fast speed preserving the image quality.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.335-344
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• 2006

A comprehensive review of through thickness transverse residual stress distributions in a range of as-welded and mechanically bent components made up of a range of steels has been carried out, and simplified generic transverse residual stress profiles for a plate and pipe components have been proposed. The geometries consisted of welded pipe butt joints, T-plate joints, tubular T-joints, tubular Y-joints and a pipe on plate joints as well as cold bent tubes and pipes. The collected data covered a range of engineering steels including ferritic, austenitic, C-Mn and Cr-Mo steels. Measured residual stress data, normalised with respect to the parent material yield stress, has shown a good linear correlation versus the normalised depth of the region containing the residual stress resulting from the welding or cold-bending process. The proposed simplified generic residual stress profiles based on the mean statistical linear fit of all the data provides a reasonably conservative prediction of the stress intensity factors. Whereas the profiles for the assessment procedures are fixed and case specific, the simple bilinear profiles for the residual stresses obtained by shifting the mean and bending stress from the mean regression line have been proposed and validated.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지하수토양환경학회 2005년도 총회 및 춘계학술발표회
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• pp.42-45
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• 2005

Accurate prediction of the fate and transport of contaminants in soils and sediments is very Important to environmental risk assessment and effective remediation of contaminated soils and sediments. The fate and transport of contaminants in subsurface are affected by geosorbents, especially carbonaceous materials including black carbon. Various physical and chemical treatment methods have been developed to separate different kinds of carbonaceous materials from soils and sediments. However, the effects of these separation methods on the properties of remaining carbonaceous materials including sorption capacity and linearity are unclear. The objective of this study is to determine if the chemical and thermal treatment methods previously used to separate different carbonaceous material fractions affect the properties of carbonaceous materials including longer term sorption capacity of hydrophobic organic contaminants. The results indicate that treatments with hydrochloric acid (HCl)/hydrofluoric acid (HF), trifluoroacetic acid (TFA), sodium hydroxide (NaOH) may not affect the sorption capacity of black carbon reference materials such as char and soot, however, treatments with acid dichromate $(K_2Cr_2O_7/H_2SO_4)$ and heat $(375^{\circ}C)$ for 24 hours in sufficient of oxygen) decrease the sorption capacity of them. The results of longer term sorption isotherm indicate that 2 days might be enough for trichloroethene (TCE) to equilibrate apparently with treated black carbon reference materials. The results suggest that acid dichromate and heat treatments may not appropriate method to investigate sorption properties of black carbon in soils and sediments.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제39권5호
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• pp.672-682
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• 2017

Video compression exploits statistical, spatial, and temporal redundancy, as well as transform and quantization. In particular, the transform in a frequency domain plays a major role in energy compaction of spatial domain data into frequency domain data. The high efficient video coding standard uses the type-II discrete cosine transform (DCT-II) and type-VII discrete sine transform (DST-VII) to improve the coding efficiency of residual data. However, the DST-VII is applied only to the Intra $4{\times}4$ residual block because it yields relatively small gains in the larger block than in the $4{\times}4$ block. In this study, after rearranging the data of the residual block, we apply the DST-VII to the inter-residual block to achieve coding gain. The rearrangement of the residual block data is similar to the arrangement of the basis vector with a the lowest frequency component of the DST-VII. Experimental results show that the proposed method reduces the luma-chroma (Cb+Cr) BD rates by approximately 0.23% to 0.22%, 0.44% to 0.58%, and 0.46% to 0.65% for the random access, low delay B, and low delay P configurations, respectively.

• 자원환경지질
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• 제52권5호
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• pp.499-508
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• 2019

미얀마 북서부 물웨룻 크롬-니켈광화대(약 $800km^2$)의 산출지를 대상으로 예비조사를 통해, 자료원, 지질잠재성, 광상구 소재여부, 대상광물의 자원개발 필요성, 기탐사실적, 품위, 광상형, 인근 가행광산 여부, 인프라환경 및 탐사예상 효과를 면밀히 검토한후 보피붐 지역을 정밀탐사지역으로 선정하였다. 이후 2013년부터 2016년까지, 한국지질자원연구원과 미얀마지질조사광물탐사국은 1:1,000 축척 지질 및 토양지구화학탐사, 자력탐사($1.672km^2$ 면적), 트렌치조사(총연장 392 m 19개), 피트탐사(총 심도 42.6m 18개), 탐사시추(2015년, 6개공 600m 시추 및 2016년, 13개공 617.4m)를 수행했다. 이중 11개공에서 77개 시추코어시료를 채취하고 각각 비중과 Cr 및 Ni 함량을 양곤 DGSE 분석센터에서 분석했다. 기수행 지표지질조사, 지구화학탐사, 자력탐사, 트렌치조사, 시추자료를 고려하여 보피붐 지역을 8개 블록으로 구분했으며 자원량평가는 정측자원량 및 개측자원량으로 평가했다. 정측자원량은 약 9,790톤이며, 개측자원량은 약 12,080톤이고, 평균품위는 Cr 11.8% 및 Ni 0.34%이다. 보피붐 지역의 경우, 남쪽의 웨불라(Webula) 크롬광화대와 연계해서 개발한다면 중규모급 광산의 개발여지가 있으며, 미얀마는 지질학적으로 오피올라이트 벨트가 서측과 동측에 광대하게 분포하고 있어 보피붐 지역에서 기초탐사를 수행하면서 습득한 탐사기법은 향후 미얀마 오피올라이트벨트에서 잠두 크롬광체를 발견하는데 도움을 줄 것으로 사료된다.