• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제28권6C호
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• pp.359-366
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• 2008

말뚝의 하중전이거동 및 변형특성 해석을 위해 하중전이함수법이 널리 사용된다. 본 연구에서는 말뚝-지반의 상효작용 즉, 지반의 연속성을 고려한 하중전이해석에 고찰하였으며, Mindlin 해를 이용하여 이를 고려함으로써 말뚝의 실제 거동에 보다 부합되도록 수정된 하중전이 해석방법을 제안하였다. 이를 통해 말뚝-지반 상호작용의 영향인자인 말뚝직경-지반계수의 비$(D/E_s)$과 주면마찰력-재하하중의 비$(R_s/Q)$를 고려할 수 있었다. 제안된 하중전이함수법의 타당성을 검증하기 위하여 현장재하시험 사례와의 비교분석 결과, 제안된 해석방법은 암반 근입 현장타설말뚝의 하중-침하 거동 및 하중전이특성을 적절히 예측함을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제24권11호
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• pp.61-70
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• 2008

본 연구에서는 국내 4개 지역에서 시공된 총 10본의 대구경 암반 근입 현장타설말뚝의 양방향 말뚝 선단재하시험과 일반적인 말뚝두부 재하시험을 토대로 하중 재하방식에 따른 말뚝의 침하거동 및 하중전이 거동 특성을 분석하였다. 이로부터 양방향 재하하중을 받는 현장타설말뚝의 등가 말뚝 두부하중침하 거동을 고찰하곤 기존 등가 두부하중침하 곡선 산정방법과의 비교분석을 통하여 주면하중에 의해 추가적인 선단침하량의 영향정도를 분석하였다. 본 연구결과, 주면하중에 의해 발생되는 선단침하량을 고려한 하중전이해석(coupled load transfer analysis)을 통한 하중-침하량 예측값은 정재하 시험결과를 적절히 예측하는 것으로 나타났으나, 근사적 해석법을 통한 등가 하중-침하 곡선 및 일반적인 하중전이해식(uncoupled load transfer analysis)의 예측값은 정재하 시험결과에 비해 침하량을 과소 평가할 수 있음을 알 수 있었다. 하지만, 시험말뚝 근입부분의 암반층이 매우 단단할 경우 주면하중에 의한 선단침하량이 매우 작은 것으로 나타났다.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.133-140
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• 2023

Soil erosion can cause scouring and failures of underwater structures, therefore, various soil improvement techniques are used to increase the soil erosion resistance. The microbially induced calcium carbonate precipitation (MICP) method is proposed to increase the erosion resistance, however, there are only limited experimental and numerical studies on the use of MICP treatment for improvement of surface erosion resistance. Therefore, this study investigates the improvement in surface erosion resistance of sands by MICP through laboratory experiments and numerical modeling. The surface erosion behaviors of coarse sands with various calcium carbonate contents were first investigated via the erosion function apparatus (EFA). The test results showed that MICP treatment increased the overall erosion resistance, and the contribution of the precipitated calcium carbonate to the erosion resistance and critical shear stress was quantified in relation to the calcium carbonate contents. Further, these surface erosion processes occurring in the EFA test were simulated through the coupled computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and discrete element method (DEM) with the cohesion bonding model to reflect the mineral precipitation effect. The simulation results were compared with the experimental results, and the developed CFD-DEM model with the cohesion bonding model well predicted the critical shear stress of MICP-treated sand. This work demonstrates that the MICP treatment is effective in improving soil erosion resistance, and the coupled CFD-DEM with a bonding model is a useful and promising tool to analyze the soil erosion behavior for MICP-treated sand at a particle scale.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제24권12호
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• pp.33-40
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• 2008

본 연구에서는 유한요소해석을 이용하여 암반에 근입된 현장타설말뚝의 말뚝-지반 상호작용즉, 지반의 연속성을 고려한 하중전이해석을 수행하였다. 이를 위하여 주면 하중전이함수를 사용자 정의의 경계면 모델(FRIC)로 구현하여 말뚝지반의 미끄러짐 거동과 하중전이 거동을 모델링 하였다. 본 연구결과, 주면마찰력에 의해 발생되는 선단침하량으로 대변되는 지반 연속성 영향은 주면마찰력이 극한상태로 도달할 때까지 증가함을 알 수 있었으며, 말뚝직경과 암반계수의 비(D/$E_{mass}$), 전체하중에서 주면마찰력의 비($R_s$/Q)에 영향을 받는 것으로 나타났다. 현장재하시험 사례와의 비교분석 결과, FRIC을 이용한 유한요소해석방법은 말뚝의 하중전이 거동과 말뚝-지반 상호작용 효과(coupling effect)를 적절히 나타낼 수 있었으며, 말뚝의 거동을 예측하는데 크게 개선되었음을 확인하였다.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.209-222
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• 2022

Finite element analyses using coupled Eulerian-Lagrangian technique are performed to investigate the effect of soil conditions on plugging of open-ended piles in sands. Results from numerical simulations are compared against the data from field load tests on three open-ended piles and show very good agreement. A parametric study focusing on determination of the coefficient of lateral earth pressure (K) in soil plug after pile driving are then performed for various soil densities, end-bearing conditions, and layering conditions. Results from the parametric study suggest that the K value in the soil plug - and hence the degree of soil plugging - increases with increasing soil densities. The analysis results further show that the K value within the soil plug can reach about 63 to 71% of the coefficient of passive earth pressure after pile driving. For layered soil profiles, the greater K values are achieved after pile driving when the denser soil layer is present near the pile base regardless of number of soil layers. This study provides comprehensive numerical and experimental data that can be used to develop advanced theory for analysis and design of open-ended pipe piles, especially for estimation of inner shaft resistance after pile driving.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지하수토양환경학회 2002년도 추계학술발표회
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• pp.92-95
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• 2002

Bioavailability study was conducted to elucidate the relationship between sorption/desorption and biodegradation of sorbed phenanthrene in seven different soils. Mineralization kinetics was determined for phenanthrene-sorbed soil slurries inoculated with Pseudomonas putida (ATCC strain 17484). Two biodegradation models were used to fit mineralization kinetics; (i) a first-order degradation model and (ii) a coupled degradation-desorption model. The biodegradation rates were in order of vermicompost >Bion peat > 50% organoclay > Pahokee > blank (no soil, medium only) > montmorillonite > Ohio shale. The mineralization rate constants increased as desorption-resistance of phenanthrene increased. Among the tested sorbents, active biodegradation of phenanthrene was observed in vermicompost and Bion peat. Biodegradation in these two sorbents exhibited little lag time and a high maximum mineralized capacity. The role of sorption/desorption in bioavailability of phenanthrene sorbed in soils was discussed.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2008년도 춘계 학술발표회 초청강연 및 논문집
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• pp.127-133
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• 2008

The electrical resistivity methods have been commonly used for figuring out the ground layers. The purpose of this paper, differently from previous methods, is not only to figure out the layers but also to develope a equipment and a method to analyze ground porosity. Equipment has a shape of cone, which can be coupled with drilling rods. A field penetration test was performed to test application in Incheon Chungla area. Through the field test soil resistances were measured. To calculate soil porosity along the depth, Archie's law is applied. The results show that a new equipment and porosity analysis method using Archie's law can distinguish soil layers and precisely measure soil porosity.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.489-501
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• 2020

This paper conducts a complicated coupled effective stress analysis of X-section-in-place concrete (XCC) pile installation and consolidation processes using the dual-stage Eulerian-Lagrangian (DSEL) technique incorporating the modified Cam-clay model. The numerical model is verified by centrifuge data and field test results. The main objective of this study is to investigate the shape effect of XCC pile cross-section on radial total stress, excess pore pressure and time-dependent strength. The discrepancies of the penetration mechanism and set-up effects on pile shaft resistance between the XCC pile and circular pile are discussed. Particular attention is placed on the time-dependent strength around the XCC pile shaft. The results show that soil strength improved more significantly close to the flat side compared with the concave side. Additionally, the computed ultimate shaft resistance of XCC pile incorporating set-up effects is 1.45 times that of the circular pile. The present findings are likely helpful in facilitating the incorporation of set-up effects into XCC pile design practices.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 1994년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.87-93
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• 1994

Factors which affect the capacity and the soil plug condition of an open-ended pile can be broadly divided into three categories:i.e., pile conditions, soil conditions and penetration methods. It has been found that the relative density and the horizontal stress have much effects on the soil plug behavior than other soil conditions. Also, it has been found that the pile diameter is the most important factor among pile conditions. However, a few investigations have been performed to account for both soil conditions and pile conditions. In this paper, a number of calibration chamber tests have been conducted with three different sized open-ended model piles. The model pile was driven into siliceous sand, with varying soil conditions, to clarify coupled effects of pile diameter and soil conditions on the plug behavior, the capacity, and the load trasfer mechanixm of soil plug. The model piles are composed of two stainless steel pipes so as to measure the plug capacity, the tip resistance, and the outside skin friction. separately.

• Coupled systems mechanics
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.41-58
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• 2016

The study deals with physical modeling of a typical building frame resting on pile raft foundation and embedded in cohesive soil mass using finite element based software ETABS. Both- the elements of superstructure and substructure (i.e., foundation) including soil is assumed to remain in elastic state at all the time. The raft is modelled as a thin plate and the pile and soils are treated as interactive springs. Both- the resistance of the piles as well as that of raft base - are incorporated into the model. Interactions between raft-soil-pile are computed. The proposed method makes it possible to solve the problems of uniformly and large non-uniformly arranged piled rafts in a time saving way using finite element based software ETABS. The effect of the various parameters of the pile raft foundation such as thickness of raft and pile diameter is evaluated on the response of superstructure. The response included the displacement at the top of the frame and bending moment in columns. The soil-structure interaction effect is found to increase displacement and increase the absolute maximum positive and negative moments. The effect of the soil- structure interaction is observed to be significant for the type of foundation and soil considered in the present study.