• Journal of Korea Trade
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.87-115
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• 2021

Purpose - Brand equity has emerged as an indispensable marketing tool for firms engaging their business in developing nations. This study proposes that the country of origin image and advertising will affect the Korean brand equity formation, which leads to repurchase intention of Korean brands. In the study, attitude factors are applied in brand equity theory to predict repurchase intention of Korean brands. Cognitive brand equity, such as brand awareness, brand association, brand image and attitudinal brand equity, such as perceived quality and brand loyalty are considered with regards to their attitude towards the Korean brand. Design/methodology - A total of 178 Myanmar consumers out of 200 participants who have used Korean brands answered the survey and data were analyzed through SmartPLS 3.3.2 version. PLS-SEM is considered a more suitable analysis to pin down and evaluate the cause-effect relationship among all of the constructs with relatively complex models. Findings - Our results substantiate that the country of origin image positively affects brand awareness, brand associations, and brand image and advertising awareness positively affects brand awareness. Brand awareness gives positive effect only on brand association, which sustains a positive effect on brand image and brand loyalty. Brand image only has a positive effect on perceived quality, which again affects repurchase intention and brand loyalty. Brand loyalty also shows a positive effect on repurchase intention. Originality/value - Brand equity dimensions were viewed as cognitive and attitudinal outcomes of brand equity which affects repurchase intention. The drivers of brand equity were considered from the perspective of country of origin image that firms cannot control or mange, and advertising awareness which firms can control and manage. The findings also explored the relationships between cognitive and attitudinal brand equity.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.357-366
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• 2022

Many factors influence brand trust, including manufacturer prestige, product value and quality, country of origin, media marketing, experience, and brand relationship. The purpose of this study is to assess the impact of the nation of origin on brand trust, using Vietnam as a case study for India's COVID-19 vaccine. A total of 407 Vietnamese people aged 18 and up participated in the survey. The findings of the study show that the nation of origin has a significant impact on brand trust. Specifically, the perceived country image has a negative effect on brand trust, the other two components of the country of origin are perceived value and perceived quality of product have a positive impact on brand trust in India's COVID-19 vaccine. Research results show that if the perceived country image of the country of production is perceived negatively, then there will be a negative impact on brand trust. According to research findings, people in Vietnam who are 30 years old or older, have steady occupations, know about India, have used Indian products in the past, and have strong brand trust in India's COVID-19 vaccinations. India needs to boost its country's image and develop communication to increase brand trust in Vietnam.

• 국제지역연구
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.251-274
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• 2008

본 연구는 해외 유수 다국적기업과의 경쟁에서 우위를 점하기 위해 EU국가 중 가장 크고 진출이 어렵다는 독일을 대상으로 한국제품의 경쟁력 평가를 실증분석 하였다. 특히 제품평가에 미치는 요인으로 국가차원, 기업차원의 다양한 이미지와 소비자의 구매경험 그리고 원산지 확인 유무 등을 활용하여 실증분석을 하였다. 실증연구 결과에서 국가차원의 한국경제이미지, 한국일반이미지는 한국제품평가에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 독일 소비자가 한국을 경제적 측면과 정치, 사회문화 등의 일반 이미지에 있어 좋은 이미지를 갖고 있으며 이것이 제품평가에 긍정적으로 영향을 미치는 후광효과가 있음을 보여주는 것으로 판단된다. 추가적으로 브랜드 구매경험과 한국에 대한 지식 여부가 독일 소비자의 한국상품 평가에 미치는 영향 또한 분석하였다. 독일에서의 제품 경쟁력 평가에 있어는 국가차원의 경쟁력과 이미지가 중요한 역할을 한다는 실증결과는 국가차원에서 경쟁력을 확보하기 위해 경제뿐만이 아니라 정치적, 문화적으로 선진화된 이미지를 만드는 것이 중요한 과제라는 시사점을 제공하였다.

• 아태비즈니스연구
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.291-306
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• 2020

Purpose - This study attempts to expand the realm of country-of-origin theory to incorporate the relevant cultural-psychological variables (i.e., ethnocentricism and psychological distance). Design/methodology/approach - This sttudy verified the effects of the two antecedent variables on the consumers' purchase intention of Korean prducts. For this purpose, the study implemented survey questionnaire mathod on respondents living in Liaoning Province of China. Findings - The study result confirmed the relationship betweencountry image, product attitude, and purchase intention of Korean products. Also, the study found that ethnocentrism adversely affects Chinese consumers' purchase decision on Korean products. Finally, the study confirmed the that psychological distance moderates the relationship between country image (ad product image) on purchase intention. Research implications or Originality - The study provides useful implications on the studies focusing on the country-of-origin effect in that it confirmed the effets of cultural-pychological variables such as ethnocentrism and psychological distance. The result also offers useful corporate strategies for the companies entering Chinese market particularly in segmenting the market based on such cultural-psychological variables.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.121-129
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• 2022

This study intends to analyze the impact of the country of origin on the intention to ingest COVID-19 vaccinations by measuring Vietnamese people's perceptions of India in the manufacture of COVID-19 vaccines. The research is done using a quantitative method, and primary data was obtained using a conventional manner based on the willingness of the research respondents, who are Vietnamese persons aged 18 and up, to contribute information. The findings revealed that perceived brand association and perceived brand quality directly positively impact the COVID-19 vaccine's consumption intention and willingness. Meanwhile, while the perceived country image component has no direct effect on consumption intention, it does have a positive indirect effect on consumption intention through perceived brand linkage and perceived brand quality. The findings also emphasize the importance and significance of a country's image in brand association and quality perception. The study's findings imply that to increase consumers' willingness to buy India's COVID-19 vaccination, the country should develop communication initiatives to improve consumer perceptions of the country's image, the perceived value of the brand association, and brand quality.

• 통상정보연구
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.23-41
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• 2007

This paper research the country image, the brand image, consumers' performances and the brand royalty with the path analysis on foreign automobile brands. Our empirical study testify the reliability analysis, the factor analysis and the path analysis with above variables by SPSS 12.0 and AMOS 4.0. The result of this research is that hypotheses H1, H3, H5 were significantly supported, whereas, hypotheses H2, H4 were rejected in the samples of American automobile. and in the samples of Japanese automobile, it was clearly revealed that hypotheses H2, H3, H4 were significantly supported, whereas, hypotheses H1, H5 were rejected. So, in Korean market, we should focus on the brand image strategy more than the country image to make the brand royalty with American automobile products. whereas, Japanese automobile products, another strategy is recommended.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.251-265
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• 2014

China is the biggest market for the Korean fashion industry. However, China is still difficult in regards to market entry and market success in China despite the geographical proximity. This study investigated the image of Korea and its impact on brand identity, brand attitude and intention to purchase with a focus on Chinese consumers in order to identify the variables of a country's image that affect a consumer's intention to purchase. The results of this survey targeted 214 Chinese consumers who were used for the final analysis. The survey subjects were female consumers in their 20s and 30s, living in metropolitan cities in China. Exploratory factor, reliability and frequency analyses were conducted using SPSS 19.0; in addition, confirmatory factor and path analyses were administered with AMOS 18.0. We identified two general images of Korea (economy and culture), two images of Korean (stylish and friendly) and three Korean fashion-product related images (quality, design and prestige). The results of the structural equation model were as follows. 1) Economy factor exerted significant effect on quality and prestige. 2) Stylish factor exerted a significant effect on all of the Korean fashion product images (quality, design and prestige). Friendly factor exerted positive impact on prestige. 3) All of the Korean fashion product images significantly influenced brand identity. 4) Brand identity exerted a significant effect on brand attitude. Lastly, brand attitude significantly affected intention to purchase.

• 통상정보연구
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.67-98
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• 2017

본 연구의 목적은 미국의 국가이미지와 방문경험이 해외직접구매의도에 미치는 영향을 분석하는 것이다. 국가이미지의 구성요소로써 경제기술이미지, 사회문화이미지 그리고 국민이미지를 사용하였으며, 총 155명의 국내소비자를 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였다. 데이터분석에는 단순회귀분석, 다중회귀분석 그리고 t검증이 사용되었다. 국가이미지는 해외직구의도를 예측함에 있어 매우 중요한 요인으로 결과가 도출되었으며 다중회귀분석 결과는 국가이미지의 구성요소 중 사회문화이미지가 해외직구의도에 가장 중요한 영향을 미치며, 경제기술이미지 또한 통계적으로 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나, 국민이미지는 국내 소비자가 해외직구를 할 때 고려하지 않는 것으로 분석되었다. 미국 방문경험 여부에 따른 해외직구의도에 차이가 있는지 살펴본 결과 이전에 미국을 방문을 경험해 본 소비자는 방문경험이 없는 소비자 보다 해외직구를 할 의향이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구의 결과는 해외직구 소비자 이해의 폭을 넓히고 해외직판을 계획하고 있는 기업들의 향후 판매전략과 마케팅전략을 수립함에 있어서 유용한 정보를 제공하는데 있다.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.65-72
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• 2018

The purpose of this paper is to understand the influence of country personality dimensions and product involvement on European consumers purchase and visit intentions, considering the Portuguese context. The increasing economic globalisation has resulted in the reducing of trade barriers between nations and the availability of more foreign products and services across borders. Therefore, the place associations of these products and services might be regarded as a potential competitive differentiator in their respective markets. Despite the proliferation of literature devoted to assessing the effects of country-of-origin, the symbolic dimension of a country's image remains understudied. A questionnaire measuring country personality dimensions, product involvement, and consumer's purchase and visit intention was passed on a sample of 335 European consumers. Country personality indeed matters both positively and negatively. Findings show that while assiduousness positively influences consumer's visit intentions, wickedness has a negative influence on consumer's purchase intentions. Findings also reveal that product involvement has a positive significant influence on consumer's purchase and visit intentions. On developing marketing strategies, international marketers and governmental decision-makers should consider product involvement attributes and specific country personality traits to provide the country's products with a competitive edge, as well as to promote the country as a travelling destination.

• 한국조리학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.89-103
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• 2011

본 연구의 목적은 쇠고기 원산지 이미지가 소비자 품질지각, 태도 및 구매 의도의 효과를 조사하는 것이다. 실증 분석 대상자는 서울 지역 소재인 쇠고기를 구매한 경험이 있는 일반인을 대상으로 2010년 12월 27일부터 2011년 1월 10일까지 15일 동안 300부를 배포하여 불성실한 설문 56부를 제외한 244부를 분석 자료로 사용 하였다. 첫째, 쇠고기 원산지 이미지는 소비자들의 품질지각, 태도 및 구매 의도에 유의한 영향 관계를 가진다. 둘째, 소비자들의 품질지각은 소비자 태도 구매의도에 정의 영향 관계를 가진다. 셋째, 소비자의 태도는 구매 의도에 정의 영향 관계를 가진다. 따라서 본 연구의 결과, 쇠고기 원산지에 대한 국가 이미지가 소비자 품질지각, 태도 및 구매의도 모두 유의한 영향 관계가 있는 것으로 판단되며, 아래와 같이 시사점을 제시하고자 한다. 본 연구에서는 쇠고기의 원산지 이미지를 향상시키기 위해서 쇠고기를 친환경적으로 사육하고, 정기적인 검진 통을 통하여 위생적이고 안정적인 제품 생산을 하고 이에 적극적인 홍보 활동을 강화함으로써 쇠고기 이미지를 증대 시킬 수 있는 방안을 마련해야 할 것이다.