• 한국임상약학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.193-198
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• 2014

Objective: This study was conducted to compare the adherence, clinical and economical utility of fixed-dose combination tablets of sitagliptin/metformin with concomitant administration of sitagliptin and metformin in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods: Adherence was measured as the medication possession ratio (MPR) of ${\geq}80%$, and MPR was calculated as the number of total prescription days divided by the total treatment period. Hemoglobin $A_{1C}$ ($HbA_{1c}$) differences between baseline and predetermined periods were analyzed. Proportions of patients who achieved $HbA_{1c}$ less than 6.5% for three or more consecutive times were compared. To evaluate cost-effectiveness, prices of sitagliptin, metformin and sitagliptin/metformin tablets were investigated. Results: More than 90% of patients showed adherence in both groups (92.0% in fixed-dose combination group vs 95.9% in concomitant administration group), and there was no statistically significant difference (P = 0.113). Proportion of patients with HbA1c less than 6.5% for three or more consecutive times tended to be somewhat higher in fixed dose combination group than in concomitant administration group without a statistically significant difference (32.6% vs. 28.0%, P = 0.344). Total price of metformin and sitagliptin was cheaper up to 222 KRW in the case of fixed-dose combination tablets compared to the case of concomitant administration. Conclusion: The sitagliptin/metformin fixed-dose combination tablet had a similar patient adherence and was not significantly different in efficacy to the concomitant administration of each component. In terms of drug prices, fixed-dose combination tablets were cheaper than concomitant administration of each tablet.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.31-38
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• 2015

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to investigate the factors of oral health beliefs on scaling performance by national health insurance coverage in consumers. Methods: The subjects were 353 people living in Seoul, Incheon, and Gyeonggi-do from September 25 to October 20, 2013. They filled out the self-reported questionnaire after receiving informed consents. The questionnaire included 6 questions of general characteristics, 6 questions of oral health behavior, 6 questions of health insurance coverage, and 1 question of subjective oral health recognition. The oral health belief consisted of 6 questions of seriousness, 6 questions of susceptibility, 8 questions of barriers, 5 questions of benefit, and 3 questions of self-efficacy measure by Likert 5 scale. Cronbach's alpha in the study was 0.759. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20.0 for frequency analysis, t-test, ANOVA, post-hoc Scheffe test, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and binary logistic regression. Results: The influencing factors of oral health belief model were Seriousness(${\beta}=0.091$), Self efficacy(${\beta}=-0.471$) and age(${\beta}=0.855$)(p<0.05). Those who had highly perceived seriousness and younger age tended to have probability of scaling performance. Higher self-efficacy tended to take more chance to have scaling performance probability. Conclusions: In order to cover the scaling by national health insurance, it is very important to notice the benefit of health insurance coverage of scaling to the consumers. National health insurance coverage enables the scaling practice to be easily accessible to the people. Easy access to scaling by low cost strategy can improve the oral health behavior.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.134-140
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• 2014

Purpose: Triphala is a combination of three medicinal plants, extensively used in Ayurveda since ancient times. Triphala mouthwash is used in the treatment of periodontal diseases because of its antimicrobial and antioxidant properties. The aim of this study is to compare the efficacy of triphala mouthwash with 0.2% chlorhexidine in hospitalized periodontal disease patients. Methods: In this double-blind, randomized, multicenter clinical trial, 120 patients were equally divided into three groups. Patients in group A were advised to rinse their mouths with 10 mL of distilled water, group B with 0.2% chlorhexidine, and group C with triphala mouthwash for 1 minute twice daily for two weeks. The plaque index (PI) and the gingival index (GI) were recorded on the first and the fifteenth day. Results: There was no significant difference when the efficacy of triphala was compared with 0.2% chlorhexidine in hospitalized patients with periodontal disease. However, a statistically significant difference was observed in PI and GI when both group B and group C were compared with group A and also within groups B and C, after 15 days (P<0.05). Conclusions: The triphala mouthwash (herbal) is an effective antiplaque agent like 0.2% chlorhexidine. It is significantly useful in reducing plaque accumulation and gingival inflammation, thereby controlling periodontal diseases in every patient. It is also cost effective, easily available, and well tolerable with no reported side effects.

• 융합보안논문지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.69-84
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• 2018

본 연구에서는 정보보안정책 준수 의지에 미치는 영향에 대하여 Ajzen(1991)이 제시한 계획행동이론을 토대이론으로 활용하여, 계획행동이론이 정보보안정책 분야에서 활용된 선행연구 사례를 분석하고, 경영진 역할 및 보호동기 요인이 계획행동 선행요인인 태도, 주관적 규범, 지각된 행동조절력을 매개변수로 정보보안정책 준수 의지에 미치는 영향에 대한 인과관계를 검증하고자 연구모형을 설계하여 가설을 검증하고, 경쟁모형을 활용하여 연구모형과 경쟁모형을 비교 검증을 실시하였다. 그 결과 연구모형에서 태도와 주관적 규범은 경영진 신뢰, 반응효용성, 반응비용 및 자기효용성과 준수 의지간의 매개역할을 하고, 지각된 행동조절력은 경영진 신뢰와 자기효용성과 준수 의지간의 매개역할을 하였다. 그리고 경영진 역할, 보호동기 요인과 준수 의지간의 관계를 설명하는 데 있어 매개변수를 활용한 연구모형이 경쟁모형보다 적합도 검증을 통해 우월한 것으로 확인할 수 있었다.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.115-120
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• 2024

Background: Migraine is a common disabling headache that affects every aspect of a person's life. Auricular acupuncture is a cost-effective treatment modality for the management of painful neurological conditions. Previous studies have shown the beneficial effects of a combination of ear points in the management of migraines. However, no studies have evaluated the efficacy of a single auricular point (i.e., sympathetic point) in migraine. Thus, this study evaluated the efficacy of sympathetic points on pain intensity and depression levels in patients with migraine. Methods: In this randomized controlled study, 100 patients with migraine aged 18-45 years were randomly divided into either an auricular acupuncture group (AAG) (n = 50) or a placebo control group (PCG) (n = 50). The AAG underwent needling at the sympathetic point (an auricular acupuncture point), whereas the PCG underwent needling at a non-acupuncture point for 20 minutes daily for 7 days. Assessments were performed before and after the intervention using a 6-item headache impact test (HIT-6) and Beck depression inventory (BDI) scale. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS version 16. Results: In within-group analysis, the AAG showed a significant reduction in HIT-6 and BDI, whereas the PCG showed a significant increase in HIT-6 and a significant reduction in BDI. In between-groups analyses, HIT-6 reduced significantly in the AAG compared with that in the PCG, whereas BDI reduced significantly in the PCG compared with that in the AAG. Conclusion: In patients with migraine, needling at the sympathetic point produces a greater reduction in the pain intensity level and lesser reduction in the depression level compared to needling at a non-acupuncture point.

• Journal of Digestive Cancer Research
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.104-107
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• 2023

The Ministry of Health and Welfare of Korea has implemented various social security programs to ensure a basic standard of living and raise overall quality of life for all citizens. The Korean social security system provides social insurance, public assistance, and social welfare services. To achieve adequate drug benefits, the Drug Management Department of Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service (HIRA) implement drug management duties including drug listing, upper price limit setting, scope of benefits, and post-factum management. When a manufacturer or an importer wants to apply for National Health Insurance (NHI) coverage of the drug that has obtained safety and efficacy approval, the pharmaceutical benefit assessment committee of HIRA evaluates the drug's clinical efficacy and cost-effectiveness to determine whether or not to include the drug into the benefit package. The benefit standards for a listed drug (ingredient) are set either for the whole permitted range or a part of range with conditions. To increase the coverage rate for new drugs, the listed drugs are regularly reviewed for their value. The status of listed drugs can be adjusted or eliminated from the benefit package if the clinical efficacy turns out to be insignificant. Therefore, through these pharmaceutical management procedures, high-quality drugs are provided at reasonable prices, which save healthcare expenditure by price determination and selective coverage in consideration of economic evaluation.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제11권6호
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• pp.289-298
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• 2013

본 연구는 2013년 7월부터 대학병원에서도 시작되는 산부인과 포괄수가제를 대비하여 일개 대학병원 산부인과에서 2012년 4월부터 2012년 9월까지 6개월 동안 산부인과 DRG에 속한 건강보험 환자군을 대상으로 진료행태의 변화를 모의실험을 통해 재원일수의 변화 가능성, 의료 서비스 제공량의 전이와 변화, 항생제를 포함한 약 주사 사용 및 각종 검사 등 항목별 처방량의 변화, 진료재료의 단가 조정 및 대체 효과의 가능성을 예측하였다. 약제비가 가장 변화폭을 보였으며 진료재료와 검사의 변화가 그 뒤를 이었다. 의료 서비스량 분석에서 재원일수의 단축은 의료비용의 감소로 혹은 병원의 수익성을 증가시킬 수 있는 요인으로 판단된다. 이러한 결과로 향후 산부인과에서 DRG 질병군에 대한 표준진료지침 개발에 기초 자료로 사용할 수 있을 것으로 사료되며, 진료의 효율성을 극대화시키고 비효율적인 병원자원 소모를 감소시켜 의료비용 절감 등 의료수익을 최대한 증대시키는 경영전략수립의 기초 자료 토대 마련이 가능할 것으로 사료된다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제17권11호
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• pp.1586-1590
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• 2004

An experiment was carried out with day-old "Sonali" (♂RIR$\times$♀Fayoumi) chicks to investigate the efficacy of locally made low cost brooders for brooding chicks in rural areas. Three types of indigenous brooders viz. charcoal, haricane and sawdust brooders were used for brooding chicks throughout the experimental period of 28 days. The efficiency of the brooders was observed in respect of their ability to maintain temperature, fluctuation in temperature during operation and cost effectiveness. Following initial trial of temperature maintenance for 48 h, the chicks were put under the brooder stoves and brooded up to 28 days. The experimental birds were fed on chick starter diet. Maintenance of temperature with sawdust brooders was found satisfactory and optimum for brooding the chicks at different stages of brooding and at the same time involved least cost for brooding in comparison with charcoal and haricane brooders which did not perform well in generating heat necessary for brooding and were not economically feasible for poor farmers. On the other hand, performance of charcoal brooders was better in respect of temperature maintenance during initial stage (when the brooder was started) but the temperature fluctuated rapidly, whereas fluctuation of temperature was gradual in sawdust brooders. Body weight gain and feed conversion were best in sawdust brooders. Survivability was highest in sawdust brooders and lowest in haricane brooders. Sawdust brooders may be appropriate for brooding chicks in rural areas, where electricity is not available.

• 한국항해항만학회지
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• 제32권10호
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• pp.813-819
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• 2008

고유가와 자연환경에 대한 관심증대에 따른 선박의 환경규제로 많은 해운회사들이 어려움을 겪고 있으며 그에 따라 선박의 에너지 이용 효율성에 대한 관심이 증대하고 있다. 또한 향후 시간이 흐를수록 이러한 문제들의 중요성과 관심은 점점 증대될 것으로 보인다. 이에 대한 한 방안으로 독일의 Skyssails사가 4년간의 개발로 완성한 스카이세일즈 시스템은 새로운 관심을 가지게 한다. 이는 선박에 대형 연을 달아 연비를 낮추는 시스템으로 현재 유럽의 일부 선박에 실용화되고 있는 기술이다. 이에 따라 연의 활용과 관련이 깊은 국내연안의 날씨 등을 고려하여 동북아 피더네트워크가 발달되어 있는 국내연안에서 Strysail 활용에 대한 검토와 효용을 분석하고, 유류절감비용, 환경비용을 추정하였다. 그 결과 Strysail 시스템이 보조추진기구로써 연비절감과 환경비용절감에 많은 도움이 될 수 있음을 알 수 있었다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제52권3호
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• pp.297-309
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• 2019

본 연구는 서울 및 경기지역의 고등학생 381명을 대상으로 일반적 특성, 음식 콘텐츠 이용 수준, 식습관, 식이자기효능감에 대한 설문 조사를 실시하였고, 음식 콘텐츠 이용 수준에 따라 세 개의 집단으로 구분하여 식습관 및 식이자기효능감 등과의 차이와 식이자기효능감의 매개효과를 분석하였다. 연구 결과, 음식 콘텐츠 이용이 많을수록 일일 외식 및 간식 비용이 높은 것으로 나타났으나 체질량 지수 (BMI)는 집단 간 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 대상자의 식습관과 관련하여 음식 콘텐츠 이용이 많은 집단이 가공식품과 단 음식을 자주 섭취하며 잦은 야식과 스트레스성 충동적 음식 섭취를 하는 것으로 나타난 반면, 가공식품구입 시 식품 영양표시를 더 자주 확인하는 것으로 나타났다. 대상자의 식이자기효능감과 관련하여 음식 콘텐츠 이용이 많을수록 전반적으로 식이자기효능감이 낮은 것으로 나타났으며, 특히 식이자기효능감의 하위요인 중 주위 환경 자극 조절 효능감, 정서적 요인 조절 효능감에 해당하는 문항 점수가 낮게 나타났다. 상관관계 분석 결과, 음식 콘텐츠 이용 수준은 식습관과 유의한 부 (-)적 상관관계가 있었으며 식이자기효능감의 하위요인 중 주위 환경자극 조절 효능감, 정서적 요인 조절 효능감과도 유의한 부 (-)적 상관관계를 보였다. 매개효과 분석에서는 식이자기효능감의 하위요인 중 주위 환경 자극 조절 효능감 변인과 정서적 요인 조절 효능감 변인이 유의미한 완전매개효과를 나타냈다. 이상의 연구 결과를 종합해보면, 음식 콘텐츠를 많이 이용하는 것은 식습관 및 식이자기효능감에 부정적인 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났으며, 특히 음식 콘텐츠 이용 수준과 식습관의 관계에서 식이자기효능감이 완전매개효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 연구 결과를 통해 음식 콘텐츠가 범람하고 있는 현재, 청소년의 올바른 식습관을 형성하기 위해 식이자기효능감을 높일 수 있는 영양교육이 중요하다고 사료된다. 청소년은 대중매체에서 제공하는 정보의 영향을 많이 받으며 스마트폰과 인터넷을 많이 사용하므로 음식 콘텐츠가 주는 시각적 자극을 영양교육의 목적으로 적절하게 활용한다면 청소년의 영양에 대한 관심 증가와 식습관 개선을 위한 동기부여에 보다 큰 효과를 기대할 수 있을 것이다.