• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권21호
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• pp.9125-9130
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• 2014

Background: This study aimed to determine the incidence of prostate cancer in Turkey in a population-based sample, and to determine clinical and pathological characteristics of the cases. Materials and Methods: All newly diagnosed prostate cancer patients were included in this national, multi-centered, prospective and non-interventional epidemiological registry study conducted in 12 cities representing the 12 regions of Turkey from July 2008 to June 2009. The population-based sample comprised 4,150 patients with a recent prostate cancer diagnosis. Results: Age-adjusted prostate cancer incidence rate was 35 cases per 100,000 in Turkey. At the time of diagnosis, median age was 68, median PSA level was 10.0 ng/mL. Digital rectal examination was abnormal in 36.2% of 3,218 tested cases. Most patients had urologic complaints. The main diagnostic method was transrectal ultrasound guided biopsy (87.8%). Gleason score was ${\leq}6$ in 49.1%, 7 in 27.8% and >7 in 20.6% of the cases. There was a statistically significant positive correlation between serum PSA level and Gleason score (p=0.000). The majority of patients (54.4%) had clinical stage T1c. Conclusions: This is the first population-based national data of incidence with the histopathological characteristics of prostate cancer in Turkey. Prostate cancer remains an important public health concern in Turkey with continual increase in the incidence and significant burden on healthcare resources.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제52권2호
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• pp.173-186
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• 2022

Purpose: Climate change has various negative effects on human health, which has resulted in increased burden on the health care system. Nurses contribute significantly to assessing climate-related health risks and creating a healthy environment. This study aimed to evaluate the reliability and validity of the Korean version of the Climate, Health, and Nursing Tool (K-CHANT) to measure nurses' awareness, motivation, concern, and behaviors at work and at home regarding climate change and health. Methods: The 22 items of English CHANT were translated into Korean with forward-backward translation techniques. Internal consistency reliability, test-retest reliability, and construct validity using confirmatory factor analysis were performed using SPSS WIN (25.0) and AMOS (26.0). Survey data were collected from 220 master's, doctoral, and post-doctoral nursing students. Results: The K-CHANT consists of 20 items across 5 domains. Two items of the original CHANT were excluded because of low content validity index and standardized regression weights. The internal consistency reliability of the K-CHANT, assessed by Cronbach's α was .81, with an intraclass correlation coefficient of .66~.90. The five subscales model was validated by confirmatory factor analysis (SRMR < .08, RMSEA < .08, AGFI > .70, CFI > .70). Conclusion: The K-CHANT has satisfactory construct validity and reliability to measure nurses' awareness, motivation, concern, and behaviors at work and at home regarding climate change and health. Future research should examine nurses' perceptions and behaviors related to the health effects of climate change and develop an action plan to improve it.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.320-336
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• 1996

Health promoting behaviors of an individual are affected by various variables. Recently, there has been a growing concern over important health problems of the middle aged women. Physiological changes in the middle aged women and their responsibility for family care can result in physical and psychological burden experienced by middle aged women. This study was designed to test Pender's model and thus purpose a model that explains health promoting behaviors among middle-aged women in Korea. The hypothetical model was developed based on the Pender's health promoting model and the findings from past studies on women's health. Data were collected by self-reported questionnaires from 863 women living in Seoul, between 20th, April and 15th, July 1995. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and correlation analysis. The Linear Structural Relationship(LISREL) modeling process was used to find the best fit model which assumes causal relationships among variables. The results are as follows : 1. The Overall fit of the hypothetical model to the data was good expect chi-square value（GFI＝.96, AGFI＝.91, RMR＝.04）. 2. Paths of the model were modified by considering both its theoretical implication and statistical significance of the parameter estimates. Compared to the hypothetical model, the revised model has become parsimonious and had a better fit to the data expect chi-square value（GFI＝.95, AFGI＝ .92. RMR＝.04）. 3. Some of modifying factors, especially age, occupation, educational levels and body mass index (BMI) are revealed significant effects on health promoting behaviors. 4. Some of cognitive-perceptual factors, especially internal health locus of control, self-efficacy and perceptive health status are revealed significant effects on health promoting behaviors. 5. All predictive variables of health promoting behaviors, especially age, occupation, educational levels, body mass index(BMI), internal health locus of control, self-efficacy ＆ perceptive health status are explained 20.0％ of the total variance in the model.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.127-140
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to determine the factors affecting on the home treatment stress in the CP (cerebral palsy) children's mothers. Direct interviews were conducted from March 17 with April 4, 2003 with 97 mothers of CP children. The average level of stress from home treatment felt by mothers with CP children was $16.97{\pm}4.04$. Stress-levels were especially high in mothers who were not satisfied with the treatment outcome (p<.05) and whose acceptance of disability was low (p<.01). Stress felt by mothers was low when their health status was high (p<.05). A physical burden was shown to have a significant correlation with the stress of the mothers during the home treatment (p<.01). Mothers with a child of Level 2 disability had lower levels of stress than those with a child of Level 4 or 5 disability (p<.01). The level of stress was higher in mothers who lagged in acquiring technical sufficiency (p<.05). Multiple regression analysis showed that one factor affecting the stress felt by mothers with CP children was the degree of acceptance of the disability (p<.01). Programs that can reduce the stress levels of mothers with CP children through home treatment and secure social systems such as professional help and economic compensation, need to be developed. Active policies should be established and executed for these mothers since stress felt by mothers significantly affects the consistency and effectiveness of treatment provided at home.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권9호
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• pp.5293-5299
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• 2013

Purpose: High levels of bone morphogenetic protein (BMPs) have been reported in patients with lung cancer. This study was conducted to assess correlations between serum BMP-2 levels and prognostic outcome in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods: Blood samples from 84 patients with advanced NSCLC and 42 healthy controls were analyzed and quantitated for serum BMP-2 levels before and after two cycles of chemotherapy using a commercially available ELISA kit. Results: The median level of BMP-2 was 146.9 pg/ml in patients with NSCLC vs. 87.7 pg/ml in healthy controls (P<0.01). A significant correlation was observed between pretreatment serum BMP-2 level and ECOG PS, disease stage and number of organs with metastases (P<0.05). Serum BMP-2 level decreased significantly in patients who achieved objective response after two cycles of chemotherapy. Multivariate analysis showed that increased BMP-2 level and advanced clinical stage were significantly correlated with poor prognosis. Conclusion: Thes erum BMP-2 level is positively correlated with clinical stage, ECOG PS and metastatic burden and may serve as an independent negative predictor for prognosis. Decreased BMP-2 after chemotherapy could be a reliable marker for efficacy of treatment.

• 중환자간호학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.51-61
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• 2022

Purpose : This study aimed to verify the effectiveness of the clinical ladder system (CLS) by identifying the perception of the CLS, professional self-concept, self-efficacy, and organizational commitment among intensive care unit (ICU) nurses. Methods : Data were collected through a questionnaire survey of 173 nurses working in 11 ICUs at a tertiary hospital in Seoul. Results : The perception of the CLS, self-efficacy, and organizational commitment showed significant difference according to the CLS level. As a result of the partial Spearman correlation analysis after adjusting for demographic difference according to CLS (age, marital status, education, and clinical career), CLS positively correlated with the perception of the CLS (r=.16, p=.045), professional self-concept (r=.24, p=.001), and self-efficacy (r=.21, p=.007). On the contrary, organizational commitment negatively correlated with the perception of the CLS (r=-.43, p<.001) and self-efficacy (r=-.32, p<.001). Conclusion : The CLS is effective for professional self-concept and self-efficacy. However, specialists 2 nurses, who had high professional self-concept and self-efficacy, showed low level of organizational commitment. Thus, it is necessary to examine the factors of work burden and career plateau that are imposed after promotion and improve experience and planning according to the growth needs. Moreover, regular evaluation of the CLS will require hospital support to ensure that ICU nurses appreciate and actively participate in the support.

• 한국간호교육학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.194-204
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to provide the basic data needed to create more desirable psychological home environment and the prevention and relief of depression by examining the relations between psychological home environment and depression with the subjects of high school students. The study materials included standard questionnaires made up of forty two questions on psychological home environment by Dr. Jeong, Won-sik(1981), twenty one questions on depression indicators by Beck(1969). Collected data were analyzed by using SPSSWIN 10.0 Program through frequency, percentile, mean, standard deviation, t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe's test, and Pearson correlation coefficient. The main results of this study were as follows; Out of 210 perfect scores for the psychological home environment of the subjects, the mean was $140.54{\pm}11.21$, opening was $41.02{\pm}5.67$, affection was $37.59{\pm}5.80$, autonomy was $35.45{\pm}4.85$, and achievement was $26.48{\pm}6.79$. The depression of the subjects were slight, showing $13.78{\pm}9.73$, with normal condition (0-9scores) 40.0%, slight depression(10-15scores) 23.3%, mild depression(16-23scores) 20.3%, severe depression(24-63scores) 16.4%. The analyses of the relation between psychological home environment and depression of the subjects reveal that achievement-depression(r=.192, p=.000), opening-depression (r=-.296, p=.000), affection-depression(r=-.377, p=.000), and autonomy-depression(r=-.341, p=.000) has all meaningful relations. In summary, these data can be interpreted that high school students were likely to feel more depressed when they recognized their own home environment as under the burden of achievement, and to feel less depressed when they recognized it as open, affectionate, and autonomous.

• 한국학교보건학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.245-255
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• 2016

Purpose: This study was aimed to examine the effects of smartphone overuse and individual factors including age, relationship with friends, satisfaction with school life, and time of smartphone usage on perceived cognitive functions, fatigue, and daytime sleepiness among college students. Methods: Three-hundred college students were recruited after confirming the absence of major depressive symptoms. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation, and multiple regression. Results: Smartphone overuse commonly explained the variance in perceived cognitive functions, fatigue, and daytime sleepiness, after controlling for individual factors. In addition, satisfaction with school life was significantly related with better effectiveness of cognitive functions while being male, having good relationships with friends and satisfaction with school life were relatively associated with a lower level of fatigue. Conclusion: The findings of this study revealed that the overuse of smartphone can serve as a psycho-cognitive burden leading to ineffective functioning in daily living. Students who are female and have issues regarding school life and friendship may be a high risk group for experiencing psycho-cognitive dysfunction associated with smartphone overuse. Further investigation is needed to develop effective interventions to improve psycho-cognitive health associated with the excessive use of smartphone in young adults.

• 보건의료산업학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.163-172
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• 2019

Objectives: With the rapidly increasing incidence of cancer worldwide, it has become important for health care professionals to both provide care for cancer patients and to address the challenges faced by family caregivers of cancer patients. This study aims to identify the factors affecting depression among cancer patients' family caregivers. The results of this study suggest the need to propose programs for family caregivers as well as cancer patients. Methods: Participants were 219 caregivers who were informed of the study purpose and agreed to participate. Data were analyzed using t-tests, one-way ANOVA, Scheffe's test, Pearson correlation coefficients, and multiple stepwise regression with the SPSS/WIN 25.0 program. Results: The mean score for depression among cancer patients' family caregivers was $1.57{\pm}.40$ (range: 0-3). Depression was significantly different based on age, relationship with the patient, education, occupation, cancer recurrence, care days per week, financial burden, site of cancer, and health status. Analysis using multiple regression showed that model 1 showed 16% of the factors predicting depression among cancer patients' family caregivers (F=6.16, p<.001) including occupation, recurrence, and health status of the caregiver. Model 3, which included additional burnout, showed 37% of the factors predicting depression (F=12.36, p<.001). Conclusions: These results suggest that it is necessary to develop programs for prevention and management of depression among cancer patients' family caregivers.

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.163-170
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• 2021

본 연구의 목적은 교사의 직무 스트레스와 직업성 근골격계 질환 유해요인을 규명하고, 직무형태에 따라 유해요인 제거에 관한 해결책 도모 및 개선방안을 도출하고자 함이다. 서울 소재 내 초·고등학교 교사 총 168명을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였다. 그 결과, 교사의 평균 RULA점수는 4.2점이었으며, 근골격계 질환을 호소하지 않는 교사의 RULA 평균 점수는 4.3점으로 나타났다. 또한, 교원의 직무스트레스 평균 점수는 58.9점으로, 요인별 스트레스 점수의 경우, 학생지도, 업무의 과부담, 권위상실, 조직구조와 교육과정, 대우 및 복지, 인간관계 순이었다. 교사의 RULA와 직무스트레스 점수를 분석한 결과, 직업으로 인한 근골격계 질환과 직무 스트레스 간 상관성을 도출해낼 수 있었다.