• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.12-20
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• 1983

Primary responsibility for the health of the school-age child rests with the parents, but the school should assist the parents in establishing and maintaining the highest possible level of health in each child. The important part of school health program is health education. All kinds of testbooks for elementary school were newly developed from 1982 for the 1st to 3rd grader and from 1983 for the 4th to 6th grader. The purposes of this study were to analyse the newly developed health curriculum in elementary school and to point out the errors in contents or terminology. Data were collected from all kinds of textbooks for elementary school which have been using in 1983. On the bases of these data, the following findings were observed: 1) 22.4 percents of total pages which related to health were from athletic subject. 2) Almost 29 percents of learning experiences suggested from textbooks were explanation and teach-centered. 3) The main subjects of health related contents were preventional management and environmental health. 4) 22 errors were found out, they were 12 for contents itself correction, 6 for terminology correction, 3 for lack of explanation and 1 for expurgation.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.27 no.8
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• pp.695-699
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• 1994

Pectus excavatum. the most common congenital chest wall deformity, is manifested by deformity of the costal cartilages resulting in a depressed and often rotated sternum. Surgical correction of this disease is frequently indicated for aesthetic improvement. The most popular current repair involves resection of abnormal costal cartilages, sternal osteotomy and mobilization, followed by fixation of the sternum in the corrected position.12 patients have been operated upon for pectus excavatum by the Adkins` method for 8 years in our hospital and the results were as follows: 1. All the patients were male. Age distribution was 2-26 years[average 10.8 years] and 69.2% were below 7 years. 2. The deformity was found at neonate or infant in the most of the patients [92.3 %] 3. The subjective symptoms were frequent URI[35.7%], dyspena on exertion[21.4%], chest dis comfort[7.1%], asthma [7.1%] and most of the patients didn`t like their appearance. 4. Combined diseases were urticaria in 2 cases, bilateral cryptomhism and pulmonary tuberculosis in 1 case each other. 5. Welch index ranged from 1.7 to 5.0 with the average of 3.47. 6. Postoperative complications were pneumothorax [45.5%], wound infection [36.4%] and skin necrosis [18.2%]. Although the period of follow-up was short in some cases there was no relapse.

• Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.31-34
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• 2015

Nasoalveolar molding (NAM) device is an effective treatment for protruding maxilla in infants with cleft palate. However, only a few studies have investigated the effect of NAM devices on the treatment of protruding maxilla in infants with cleft lip only. We have designed a combination treatment using NAM devices prior to cheiloplasy for cleft lip-only patients with severe anterior protrusion of the premaxilla. Three cleft lip-only infants with 1-cm or more of premaxilla protrusion were included. Definitive cheiloplasty was performed at 6 months of age without any preoperative correction in infant 1. Cheiloplasty was performed in conjunction with the use of NAM device and lip adhesion in infants 2 and 3. Postoperative columella length and anterior-posterior dimension of the protruding premaxilla were compared amongst the infants. We were able to obtain satisfactory postoperative columella length and general nasal appearance.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.52 no.6
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• pp.451-460
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• 2022

Moebius syndrome (MBS) is a congenital neurologic disorder that causes cranio-facial abnormalities. It involves paralysis of the VI and VII cranial nerves and causes bilateral or unilateral facial paralysis, eye movement disorder, and deformation of the upper and lower limbs. The orofacial dysfunctions include microstomia, micrognathia, hypotonic mimetic and lip muscles, dental enamel hypoplasia, tongue deformity, open bite or deep overbite, maxillary hypoplasia, high arched palate, mandibular hyperplasia or features indicating mandibular hypoplasia. This case report presents a 7-year-old male patient who was diagnosed with MBS at the age 2 years. The patient displayed typical clinical symptoms and was diagnosed with Class II malocclusion with a large overjet/overbite, tongue deformity and motion limitation, and lip closure incompetency. Treatment was initiated using a removable appliance for left scissor bite correction. After permanent tooth eruption, fixed appliance treatment was performed for correction of the arch width discrepancy and deep overbite. A self-ligation system and wide-width arch form wire were used during the treatment to expand the arch width. After 30 months of phase II treatment, the alignment of the dental arch and stable molar occlusion was achieved. Function and occlusion remained stable with a Class I canine and molar relationship, and a normal overjet/overbite was maintained after 9.4 years of retainer use. In MBS patients, it is important to achieve an accurate early diagnosis, and implement a multidisciplinary treatment approach and long-term retention and follow-up.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.250-255
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• 2010

Purpose: Pincer nail is a relatively rare deformity characterized by an increase in transverse curvature along the longitudinal axis of the nail. This curvature commonly increases from proximal to distal end of nail, leading to pinching, curling, and distortion of the underlying soft tissue and resulting frequently in severe pain. Numerous surgical procedures have been reported. Preserving the width of the nail in the correction of the pincer nail is very important for functional and aesthetic reasons. We report the results of the correction of the pincer nail using autogenous dermofat graft with a good result. Methods: From May 2006 to September 2008, dermofat graft was performed in 6 patients with pincer nail. Patients were four women and two men, and the average age was 51. The affected digits were the unilateral great toes in four patients and the unilateral thumbs in two patients. Average follow-up period was 13 months. Surgical procedure was removal of nail using an elevator to avoid damage to the nail bed. An incision was created in distal portion of hyponychium. Paronychium was dissected from distal phalanx by periosteal elevator through incision of hyponychium and tunnel was made. Then dermofat grafts harvested from inguinal area were inserted into the tunnel. Finally, a silicone sheet was inserted eponychial fold for prevention of synechia. Objective assessment was evaluated by use of the width index and height index. Results: All patients reported resolution of the pain and soft tissue pinching sensation that they had before the operation. There was good adherence between the nail plate and the underlying nail bed. The nails have regrown and were corrected in a normal and flattened appearance. The width index and height index were improved. Conclusion: The autogenous dermofat graft seems to provide an effective treatment of the pincer nail with preservation of the nail matrix.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.101-105
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• 2008

Purpose: In this study we measured the mean value of the distance stereoacutiy for adult subjects and evaluated the variation of the distance stereoacuity according to correction of phoria using the Pola Test E-II of Carl Zeiss. Methods: We investigated the distance stereoacuity for 50 adults (male: 29, female: 21) ranging in age from 19 to 46 years using D6 Circle chart and D8 Line chart in the Pola Test E-II. Results: The mean values of the distance stereoacuity measured on the D6 Circle test and D8 Line test were 159.6 and 149.4 seconds of arc respectively. The mean variations of the distance stereoacuity according to correction of phoria in D6 Circle test were increased 43.2 seconds of arc in exophoria and 51 seconds of arc in esophoria, and those in D8 Line test were increased 42 seconds of arc in exophoria and 70.2 seconds of arc in esophoria. Conclusions: We knew from these results that the distance stereoacuity after prescription of phoria improved more esophoria than exophoria.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.200-205
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• 2018

This retrospective study is designed to compare the clinical results of tibial tuberosity transposition (TTT) and anti-rotation suture (ARS) treatments for medial patellar luxation (MPL). Medical records of 133 dogs were reviewed that had undergone surgical correction of MPL between January 2013 and May 2017. MPL correction was performed on 182 stifles, with TTT and ARS being performed on 101 stifles and 81 stifles. The common dog breeds receiving surgical treatment for MPL were Maltese, Pomeranian, Chihuahua and Poodle. Mean age of dogs with MPL was 32.6 months, and their mean body weight was 4.26 kg. Seventy dogs (52.6%) were male and 63 (47.4%) were female. Of the 182 stifles with MPL, grade II, III and IV were 18.7%, 72.0% and 9.3%. Total complications after TTT and ARS were recorded in 16.8% and 29.6%. Major complications after TTT and ARS were recorded in 5.9% and 12.3%, minor complications after TTT and ARS were recorded in 10.9% and 17.3%. The risk of complication and reluxation rate after TTT were significantly lower than that for ARS (p < 0.05). However, the rate of reluxation among dogs treated by ARS (1.2%) for grade II MPL was significantly lower than that for dogs treated by ARS (8.6%) for grade III MPL (p < 0.05). The TTT group had a shorter recovery period after surgical intervention than that in the ARS group (p < 0.001). In conclusion, TTT had a significantly lower incidence of complication and a shorter recovery period than ARS. However, ARS for grade II MPL appears to be a good surgical option for reducing the rate of reluxation after surgery. These results of this study could be used to provide therapeutic guidelines for surgical MPL correction in small-breed dogs.

• Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.85-89
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• 2008

Purpose: Unicoronal synostosis is the craniofacial anomaly caused by premature fusion of unilateral coronal suture. Ipsilateral flattening of the frontal and parietal bones, temporal retrusion with elevation and recession of the supraorbital rim are main clinical features. Compensatory contralateral frontal bossing and deviation of the nasal root and/or chin can also occur. There is a controversy about techniques for surgical correction, however, bilateral approach technique is more effective for correction of deformity. Methods: A 4-year-old patient with unicoronal synostosis had undergone unilateral suturectomy at 28-month-old but fronto-facial deformity had remained and aggravated as she grew older. She had both fronto-facial and endocranial asymmetry. We performed coronal cranial approach and fully exposed affected cranium including supraorbital rim. Anterior 2/3 calvarial reconstruction with bilateral frontal bone osteotomy and fronto-orbital bandeau advancement was performed. Results: Fronto-facial symmetry including fronto-orbital contour, nasal devation was improved. Endocranial twisting was also improved from $158^{\circ}$ to $162^{\circ}$ in CSO(crista gallisella turcica-opisthion) degree. There was no postoperative complications and no need for revision, and facial asymmetry improved at the period of 2 years of follow-up. Conclusion: Bilateral approach with fronto-orbital bandeau remodeling in surgery of unicoronal synostosis looked superior to unilateral approach in achieving better symmetry and preventing recurrence of asymmetry. Remodeling surgery should be tried in patients even at an older age to correct fronto-facial asymmetry.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.381-385
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• 2009

Objective : The objective of this study was to compare the surgical techniques for the correction of congenital cleft palate. Techniques and approaches : Four-hundred-sixity patients operated between 1993 and 2008 were included in this study. The collected data were age, sex, operating time, admission days, and complications. The comparison between techniques were done by independent t-test. Results: The majority (86.9 %) of patients were received the operation later than 1.5 years old. The distribution of each surgical technique was 43.8 % by Bardach palatoplasty, 11.9 % by Furlow palatoplasty, 1.8 % by Veau palatoplasty, and 42.4 % by the new technique developed by us. Postoperative complication such as wound dehiscence, formation of oro-nasal fistulas in the soft and hard palates were shown in 23.0 % of Bardach technique, 44.2 % of Furlow technique, and 37.5 % of Veau technique. However, only 5.4 % of patients were shown complications in our technique (P<0.001). The operation time was recorded 70 minutes under new technique while the others were 110 minutes (P<0.001). The clinical treatment at hospital was required 7.4 days for our technique and 11.3-15.5 days for the other methods. Conclusion : The surgical treatment of congenital cleft palate in Mongolia was conducted later than proper timing for surgery. As the results were indicated, our new technique should be considered for the correction of cleft palate in old aged patients.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.555-560
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• 2005

The nose is shaped as a pyramid and is the most prominent portion of the face. Nasal bone fractures are thus more frequent than those of the maxilla and zygoma. Whether the nasal bone fractures are corrected or not due to unnecessity of surgical treatment, the incidence of posttraumatic deformity occurs frequently. In Asian patients, even the corrected noses look low-lying and flat. To resolve these problems, we corrected the posttraumatic deformity of the nose with a combined procedure of nasal ostectomy and augmentation rhinoplasty. From 2000 to 2004, this procedure was performed in fifteen patients with posttraumatic nasal deformity. There were four female and eleven male patients with an average age of 32 years(range 19 to 52 years). All patients had previous trauma history. Of these, closed reduction was performed on 13 patients and no treatment was 2 patients. The deformed noses were corrected through lower columellar incision, by ostectomy or osteomy, and augmentation with silicone implant. We gained satisfactory results of correcting the deformed noses, except one case with implant deviation. Our method for the correction of traumatic nasal deformity proves to be simple and safe. The camouflage effect with silicone implant overcomes an unsatisfactory correction and brings a excellent cosmetic results.