• 생물정신의학
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.127-132
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• 2009

Marchiafava-Bignami disease(MBD) is a rare complication of chronic alcoholism characterized by symmetrical demyelination of the corpus callosum. We report a case of MBD in a Korean patient having chronic alcohol dependence. The patient exhibited mental depression, weakness of all four limbs and dysarthria. Laboratory data showed mild hyponatremia. Magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) revealed unusual symmetrical resolving lesions of the putamen in addition to the typically observed lesion of the corpus callosum. The neurologic disturbances were gradually improved with the normalization of low plasma sodium levels. Marked improvement of abnormal MRI findings was noted after thiamine supplement, though the patient still exhibited severe cognitive impairment.

• 한국자기공명학회논문지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.84-95
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of the measurement of corpus callosum (CC) size in the Alzheimer patient by using magnetic resonance (MR) midsagittal image. We performed MR scanning in 20 normal high age group, and in 20 mild cognitive impairment (MCI) group, and in 20 Alzheimer disease (AD) group. The following parameters were employed in AD group: TRITE/FA 6650ms/66ms/$90^{\circ}$, NEX 2, Thickness/Gap 2/0, FOV 220mm. The magnetic field strength was used at 3.0 Tesla. We selected midsagittal image of the brain by using view forum program, measured CC size, which were anteroposterior length, diameter of genu, body, narrowing portion, and splenium. The present study demonstrates that CC size of Alzheimer disease can be useful for clinical assessment concerning the diameter of genu, body, and splenium.

• Annals of Clinical Neurophysiology
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.102-104
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• 2019

Transient global amnesia is a syndrome of temporary loss of short-term memory and is not accompanied by any other neurological deficit. Diffusion-weighted imaging is useful to improve the diagnostic accuracy of transient global amnesia. We report a 68-year-old woman with multiple lesions on diffusion-weighted imaging in the right corpus callosum and left hippocampus. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of a diffusion-weighted imaging lesion in the body portion of the corpus callosum.

• 대한영상의학회지
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• 제82권4호
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• pp.953-958
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• 2021

고소 뇌부종은 높은 지대를 여행하는 사람들에게서 발병하는, 잠재적 치명성을 갖는 신경학적 증후군이다. 본 증례는 높은 지대를 여행한 후 수 시간의 의식불명이 있었던 49세 남자에서 나타난 고소 뇌부종의 비전형적 영상 소견에 대한 보고이다. 환자의 자기공명영상 자기화율강조영상에서 미세한 점상의 다수의 미세출혈이 양쪽 뇌량을 따라 분포하고 있었고 몇 개의 미세출혈이 전두엽과 두정엽의 피질하 백질에서 관찰되었으나 T2 강조영상에서는 이에 상응하는 부위에 신호강도의 증가가 관찰되지 않았다. 확산강조영상에서는 양쪽 기저핵에서 작은 결절형의 고신호강도가 관찰되었다. 본 증례는 T2 강조영상에서 비정상적인 신호강도 없이 양쪽 뇌량에서 다수의 미세출혈을 보였던, 비전형적인 사례로서의 고소 뇌부종의 증례에 대해 문헌 고찰과 함께 보고하고자 한다.

• Animal cells and systems
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.274-278
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• 2011

The changes in the corpus callosum (CC) with age and gender remain largely subject to dispute, which might come from the different strategies for analyzing the size and shape of CC. We have investigated this issue by measuring some variables reflecting the spatial orientation of CC on magnetic resonance imaging in Koreans, which minimize individual variances in the brain. The subjects were composed of young adults in their twenties (51 male, 59 female) and elderly adults in their sixties and seventies (60 male, 71 female). The total area of CC, length and height of CC, the central angle and the four angles suggested by Oka et al. were measured. The whole area and the central angle of CC were not significantly affected by age and gender. The height and length of CC were significantly greater in elderly people. The angle connecting genu, upper notch of pons and splenium was significantly larger in the elderly group. Furthermore, all four angles were significantly different between male and female subjects. These results confirm that the spatial orientation of CC is influenced by age and gender.

• 생물정신의학
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.223-232
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• 2015

Objectives In this study, the authors evaluated the correlation between levels of serum lipid, homocysteine, and folate with volumes of hippocampus, amygdala, corpus callosum, and in patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) or Alzheimer's disease (AD) type. Methods The study recruited patients who visited the dementia clinic of Haeundae Paik Hospital in Korea between March 2010 and June 2014. Among those, patients who had taken the neurocognitive test, brain magnetic resonance imaing, tests for serum lipid, homocysteine, folate, and apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotyping and diagnosed with aMCI or AD were included for analysis. Bilateral hippocampus, entorhinal cortex, amygdala and corpus callosum were selected for region of interest (ROI). The cross-sectional relationships between serum lipid, homocysteine, folate and ROI were assessed by partial correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis. Results In patients with aMCI, old age (> 80) and APOE ${\varepsilon}4$ carrier were associated with AD [odds ration (OR) : 12.80 ; 95% confidence interval (CI) : 2.25-72.98 and OR : 4.48 ; 95% CI : 1.58-12.67, respectively]. In patients with aMCI or AD, volumes and thickness of ROI were inversely correlated with levels of serum lipid and homocysteine. In multiple linear regression analyses, higher total cholesterol level was related to lower left, right hippocampus volume and left amygdala volume ; higher low-density lipoprotein cholesterol was related to lower right entorhinal cortex thickness ; higher homocysteine level was related to lower corpus callosum volume. Conclusions Higher serum lipid and homocysteine levels are associated with decreased volume of hippocampus, amygdala, corpus callosum and entorhinal cortex thickness in patients with aMCI or AD. These findings suggest that serum lipid and homocysteine levels are associated with AD as a modifiable risk factor.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.101-108
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• 2021

Purpose: To identify characteristic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features to differentiate between Krabbe disease and metachromatic leukodystrophy (MLD) in young children. Materials and Methods: We collected all confirmed cases of Krabbe disease and MLD between October 2004 and September 2020 at Seoul National University Children's Hospital. Patients with initial MRI available were included. Their initial MRIs were retrospectively reviewed for the following: 1) presence of white matter signal abnormality involving the periventricular and deep white matter, subcortical white matter, internal capsule, brainstem, and cerebellum; 2) presence of volume decrease and signal alteration in the corpus callosum and thalamus; 3) presence of the tigroid sign; 4) presence of optic nerve hypertrophy; and 5) presence of enhancement or diffusion restriction. Results: Eleven children with Krabbe disease and 12 children with MLD were included in this study. There was no significant difference in age or symptoms at onset. Periventricular and deep white matter signal alterations sparing the subcortical white matter were present in almost all patients of the two groups. More patients with Krabbe disease had T2 hyperintensities in the internal capsule and brainstem than patients with MLDs. In contrast, more patients with MLD had T2 hyperintensities in the splenium and genu of the corpus callosum. No patient with Krabbe disease showed T2 hyperintensity in the corpus callosal genu. A decrease in volume in the corpus callosum and thalamus was more frequently observed in patients with Krabbe disease than in those with MLD. Other MRI findings including the tigroid sign and optic nerve hypertrophy were not significantly different between the two groups. Conclusion: Signal abnormalities in the internal capsule and brainstem, decreased thalamic volume, decreased splenial volume accompanied by signal changes, and absence of signal changes in the callosal genu portion were MRI findings suggestive of Krabbe disease rather than MLD based on initial MRI. Other MRI findings such as the tigroid sign could not help differentiate between these two diseases.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.273-277
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• 2002

저자들은 짧은 사지를 가지고 태어난 생후 2일된 여자 신생아에서 뇌량의 부분 발육부전과 특징적인 임상소견을 보이면서 염색체 검사상 4번 염색체 장완 간질부결손으로 확진된 1례를 경험하였기에 문헌 고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제55권3호
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• pp.107-110
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• 2012

Partial trisomy 3p results from either unbalanced translocation or $de$ $novo$ duplication. Common clinical features consist of dysmorphic facial features, congenital heart defects, psychomotor and mental retardation, abnormal muscle tone, and hypoplastic genitalia. In this paper, we report a case of partial trisomy 3p with rare clinical manifestations. A full-term, female newborn was transferred to our clinic. She had cleft lip-plate, dysgenesis of the corpus callosum, patent ductus arteriosus, pulmonary hypertension, and severe right-sided hydronephrosis, associated with ureteropelvic junction obstruction. Cytogenetic investigation revealed partial trisomy 3p; 46,XX,der(4)t(3;4)(p21.1;p16). The karyotype of her father showed a balanced translocation, t(3;4)(p21.1;p16). Therefore, the size of duplication can be an important factor.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제18권7호
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• pp.827-833
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• 2015

In this paper, we have compared three level set-based active contour (LSAC) methods on inhomogeneous MR image segmentation which is known as an important role of brain diseases to diagnosis and treatment in early. MR image is often occurred a problem with similar intensities and weak boundaries which have been causing many segmentation methods. However, LSAC method could be able to segment the targets such as the level set based on the local image fitting energy, the local binary fitting energy, and local Gaussian distribution fitting energy. Our implemented and tested the subcortical image segmentations were the corpus callosum and hippocampus and finally demonstrated their effectiveness. Consequently, the level set based on local Gaussian distribution fitting energy has obtained the best model to accurate and robust for the subcortical image segmentation.