• Molecules and Cells
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.291-298
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• 2008

Human karyopherin ${\beta}3$, highly homologous to a yeast protein secretion enhancer (PSE1), has often been reported to be associated with a mediator of a nucleocytoplasmic transport pathway. Previously, we showed that karyopherin ${\beta}3$ complemented the PSE1 and KAP123 double mutant. Our research suggested that karyopherin beta has an evolutionary function similar to that of yeast PSE1 and/or KAP 123. In this study, we performed yeast two-hybrid screening to find a protein which would interact with karyopherin ${\beta}3$ and identified apolipoprotein A-I (apo A-I), a secretion protein with a primary function in cholesterol transport. By using in vitro binding assay, co-immunoprecipitation, and colocalization studies, we defined an interaction between karyopherin ${\beta}3$ and apo A-I. In addition, overexpression of karyopherin ${\beta}3$ significantly increased apo A-I secretion. These results suggest that karyopherin ${\beta}3$ plays a crucial role in apo A-I secretion. These findings may be relevant to the study of a novel function of karyopherin ${\beta}3$ and coronary artery diseases associated with apo A-I.

• Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.174-178
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• 2009

Many radiopharmaceuticals have been developed and wildy used in the imaging cardiac function. Myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) is a well established noninvasive method of assessing coronary blood flow and has been widely used in patients diagnosed or suspected with coronary artery diseases. The innovation of radiopharmaceuticals used in the cardiac imaging is one of the most important contributors to the development of nuclear cardiology. Thallium-201 and various technetium-99m agents have been globally used for myocardial perfusion SPEG, and N-13 ammonia (13NH3), rubidium-82 (82Rb), 0-15 water (H2150) for myocardial perfusion PET. As well as the cardiac perfusion studies, new radiopharmaceuticals that visualize fat metabolism or receptors of the sympathetic nervous system have successfully been applied to clinical practice. Useful information can be obtained for diagnosing coronary artery disease, evaluating patients' condition, or assessing therapeutic effects. In this review, we describe the characteristics and clinical usefulness of radiopharmaceuticals used for cardiac SPEG and PET.

• 기본간호학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.18-29
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• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop an algorithm for nursing care after percutaneous coronary intervention in order to improve patients' safety and prevent complications, because percutaneous coronary intervention is becoming a common treatment for coronary artery diseases. Methods: By reviewing related literatures and interviewing nurses, items and paths that were to be used in the algorithm for nursing care after percutaneous coronary intervention were drawn up and a draft algorithm was developed. The final algorithm was determined based on the results of the evaluation performed after clinical application. Results: According to the outcome after allowing nurses to apply the revised algorithm with 11 patients, suitability on items composing the algorithm were highly rated whereas promptness was lowly rated. Although the patients (n=11) to whom the algorithm was applied complained of less back pain (p=.001) and discomfort (p=.026) compared to the patients (n=17) to whom the algorithm was not applied, no significant difference in bleeding complication was found. Conclusion: The findings in the study support the clinical utilization of the algorithm for nursing care after percutaneous coronary intervention as the use of this algorithm reduced back pain and discomfort without increasing bleeding complications at the femoral puncture site.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.595-605
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• 1986

From February 1986 through September 1986, the authors have experienced 6 cases of coronary artery bypass graft for patients with unstable angina. There were five males and one female who ranged from 39 to 65 years [mean, 53.3 years]. The extent of coronary disease was as follows: one-, two- and three-vessel diseases, all 2 cases respectively, and among them, 1 case had left main disease. Distal anastomoses were performed first with using saphenous vein grafts as conduits in all cases and sequential bypass methods were employed in 5 cases. Numbers of vein grafts were two in 2 cases and one in 4 cases. The mean time wasted for one distal anastomosis was 36 minutes. Post operative complications were leg-wound disruption [2 cases], transient psychosis [1 case] and perioperative myocardial infarction [MI] [1 case]. Sixty three year-old male patient associated with cardiomegaly, prior MI, ventricular arrhythmia, cardiac dysfunction and endocrinologic diseases preoperatively was expired in the operating room due to perioperative Ml. All survivors were asymptomatic and on discontinuing medical therapy on follow-up varying from 1 to 8 months.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제31권12호
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• pp.1238-1242
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• 1998

심근교각을 해부학적인 정의을 하면 심외막의 관상동맥 주행중 국한된 부분의 관상동맥이 심근섬유에 의해 둘러싸여 있는 것을 말한다. 이질환은 주로 관상동맥 조영술에서 심근수축시 관상동맥이 좁아지거나 또는 압박효과을 나타내기 때문에 알게된다. 관상동맥중 좌전하행지의 중간부위에 가장 많이 발생 한다. 심근교각은 허혈 효과을 가지고 있어서 건강한 사람에서 협심증, 심근경색, 혹은 사망의 원인이 되기도 한다. 저자들은 좌전하행지 중간부분의 압박으로 협심증을 호소한 2례의 환자을 치험하고 보고 하고자 한다. 수술은 심폐 우회술하에 좌전하행지 동맥상부을 덮은 심근에 근절개술을 시행하였다. 수술후 협심증과 압박효과는 호전되었다.

• Integrative Medicine Research
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.204-210
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• 2014

The aim of this review was to understand the effects of ${\beta}$-adrenergic stimulation on oxidative stress, structural remodeling, and functional alterations in the heart and cerebral artery. Diverse stimuli activate the sympathetic nervous system, leading to increased levels of catecholamines. Long-term overstimulation of the ${\beta}$-adrenergic receptor (${\beta}AR$) in response to catecholamines causes cardiovascular diseases, including cardiac hypertrophy, stroke, coronary artery disease, and heartfailure. Although catecholamines have identical sites of action in the heart and cerebral artery, the structural and functional modifications differentially activate intracellular signaling cascades. ${\beta}AR$-stimulation can increase oxidative stress in the heart and cerebral artery, but has also been shown to induce different cytoskeletal and functional modifications by modulating various components of the ${\beta}AR$ signal transduction pathways. Stimulation of ${\beta}AR$ leads to cardiac dysfunction due to an overload of intracellular $Ca^{2+}$ in cardiomyocytes. However, this stimulation induces vascular dysfunction through disruption of actin cytoskeleton in vascular smooth muscle cells. Many studies have shown that excessive concentrations of catecholamines during stressful conditions can produce coronary spasms or arrhythmias by inducing $Ca^{2+}$-handling abnormalities and impairing energy production in mitochondria, In this article, we highlight the different fates caused by excessive oxidative stress and disruptions in the cytoskeletal proteome network in the heart and the cerebral artery in responsed to prolonged ${\beta}AR$-stimulation.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.164-171
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• 2015

목적: 국내 가와사키병 환아의 장기 예후에 대해 알아보고 장기 추적 관찰의 필요성에 대해 논의하고자하는 것이다. 방법: 가와사키병으로 입원한 354명에서 심초음파 검사와 운동부하검사에 동의한 환아 48명을 대상으로 하였다. 발병 후부터 재내원하여 추적검사를 받기까지 평균 11.6년(8.2-17.0년) 경과하였다. 발병 당시 관상동맥류가 없었던 환자군을 1군, 소동맥류가 있었던 환자군을 2군으로 구분하여 장기추적검사상 두 군의 차이와 이상소견여부를 분석하였다. 결과: 장기 추적목적의 초음파와 운동부하검사에서 대부분 이상 소견을 보이지 않았으나 2군에서 9세 남아 1명이 관상동맥 확장소견을 보였다. 운동부하검사는 두 군 모두 정상 소견을 보였고 심초음파 검사상 1군에서 100%, 2군에서 93.3%에서 이상이 없었다. 결론: 소동맥류가 있었던 환자군 중 일부에서 관상동맥 확장을 보였으므로 관상동맥 합병증이 발생한 환자에서 선택적으로 장기적인 추적검사가 필요할 것으로 보인다.

• Genomics & Informatics
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.181-186
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• 2014

Genome-wide association studies have proven the highly polygenic architecture of complex diseases or traits; therefore, single-locus-based methods are usually unable to detect all involved loci, especially when individual loci exert small effects. Moreover, the majority of associated single-nucleotide polymorphisms resides in non-coding regions, making it difficult to understand their phenotypic contribution. In this work, we studied epistatic interactions associated with three common diseases using Korea Association Resource (KARE) data: type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension (HT), and coronary artery disease (CAD). We showed that epistatic single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were enriched in enhancers, as well as in DNase I footprints (the Encyclopedia of DNA Elements [ENCODE] Project Consortium 2012), which suggested that the disruption of the regulatory regions where transcription factors bind may be involved in the disease mechanism. Accordingly, to identify the genes affected by the SNPs, we employed whole-genome multiple-cell-type enhancer data which discovered using DNase I profiles and Cap Analysis Gene Expression (CAGE). Assigned genes were significantly enriched in known disease associated gene sets, which were explored based on the literature, suggesting that this approach is useful for detecting relevant affected genes. In our knowledge-based epistatic network, the three diseases share many associated genes and are also closely related with each other through many epistatic interactions. These findings elucidate the genetic basis of the close relationship between DM, HT, and CAD.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제27권9호
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• pp.738-745
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• 1994

In order to evaluate the myocardial injury in cardiac valvular and coronary surgery, variables of creatine kinase[CK], myocardial band of CK[CK-MB], lactate dehydrogenase[LDH], aspartate aminotrasferase[AST] were measured in the preoperative[Preop], the operation day[POD0], and the first[POD1], third[POD3], fifth[POD5], seventh[POD7], ninth[POD9] day after operation in 29 patients. The subjects were divided into two groups according to the diseases: group V [valvular disease, n=16] and group C[coronary artery disease, n=13]. Each group was subdivided into two subgroups according to the duration of aortic crossclamping time[ACT]; group VI[ACT 120min, n=7] and group VII[ACT>120min, n=9]; group CI[ACT 120min, n=6] and group CII[ACT>120min, n=7]. The results were as followed 1. The values of CK between group V and group C had no significant difference. The values of CK in group CII were significantly greater than those in group CI and the values of CK in group VII were significantly greater than those in group VI. 2. Percentages of CK-MB between groups had no significant difference. 3. The serum levels of LDH in group V were significantly greater than those in group C. The serum levels of LDH in group VII were significantly greater than those in group VI. 4. The serum levels of AST in group VII were significantly greater than that in group VI. We were concluded that myocardial injury was more related with the duration of aortic cross clamping time rather than the type of diseases.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.607-622
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• 2004

Recently epidemiologic studies have indicated that the patients with periodontitis may have increased risk of ischemic cardiovascular events, and have suggested the important roles of blood cytokines and acute reactant proteins in the systemic infection and inflammatory response. Periodontitis and coronary heart disease (CHD) may share the common risk factors and the genetic mechanism associated with interleukin(IL)-1A, B and RA genotype may be involved in the production of IL-1. This study was aimed to investigate the relationship between angiographically defined CHD and periodontitis as chronic Gram-negative bacterial infection and to determine whether the IL-1 gene polymorphism is associated in both diseases. Patients under the age of 60 who had undergone diagnostic coronary angiography were enrolled in this study. Subjects were classified as positive CHD (+CHD, n=37) with coronary artery stenosis more than 50% in at least one of major epicardial arteries, and negative CHD (-CHD, n=30) without significant stenosis. After recording the number of missing teeth, periodontal disease severity was measured by means of plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), bleeding on probing (BOP), probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), and radiographic bone loss around all remaining teeth. Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) was collected from the 4 deepest periodontal pockets and assessed for cytokine ($IL-1{\beta}$, IL-6, IL-1ra, tumor necrosis $factor-{\alpha}$, and prostaglandin $E_2$). Additionally, blood CHD markers, lipid profile, and blood cytokines were analyzed. IL-1 gene cluster genotyping was performed by polymerase chain reaction and enzyme restriction using genomic DNA from buccal swab, and allele 2 frequencies of IL-1A(+4845), IL-1B(+3954), IL-B(-511), and IL-1RA(intron 2) were compared between groups. Even though there was no significant difference in the periodontal parameters between 2 groups, GCF level of $PGE_2$ was significantly higher in the +CHD group(p<0.05). Correlation analysis showed the positive relationship among PD, CAL and coronary artery stenosis(%) and blood $PGE_2$. There was also significant positive relationship between the periodontal parameters (PI, PD, CAL) and the blood CHD markers (leukocyte count, C-reactive protein, and lactic dehyrogenase). IL-1 gene genotyping showed that IL-1A(+3954) allele 2 frequency was significantly higher in the +CHD group compared with the -CHD group (15% vs. 3.3%, OR 5.118,p=0.043). These results suggested that periodontal inflammation is related to systemic blood cytokine and CHD markers, and contributes to cardiovascular disease via systemic inflammatory reaction. IL-1 gene polymorphism might have an influence on periodontal and coronary heart diseases in Korean patients.