• 한국세라믹학회지
• /
• 제22권5호
• /
• pp.9-16
• /
• 1985

Agglomeration of Y-PSZ and its related properties were studied. The ultrafine $ZrO_2$ powder containg 3 mol% $Y_2O_3$ was prepared by 1) coprecipitation method b) hot petroleum drying method c) sol-gel method and the characteristics of calcined powders and the microstructures of sintered body were observed. Powder prepared by the coprecipitation method was about 125$\AA$ in crystallite size and 0.1~1.0${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ of intra-agglomerate pore size when calcined at $600^{\circ}C$ for 1 hour. because of small crystallite size and weak agglo merate strength resultant densification of sintered body was high. But above the temperature of 130$0^{\circ}C$ efflorescent phenomena due to anions attached to powder surface was observed. Powder prepared by hot petroleum drying method was 65$\AA$ in crystallite size and 1~10${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ of intraagglome-rate pore size and it was observed that the agglemerates were formed during the calcining process. In this case despite of small crystallite size the rate of sintering was slow and the existing lenticular interagglomerate pore was not eliminated to the final stage of sintering. Powder prepared by sol-gel method showed solid agglomertes due to rapi dhydrolysis reaction. In this powder which involves strong solid agglomerates overall sintering rate was determined by the sintering between the agglomerates and therefore sinterability of powders made by sol-gel method was very poor.

• 한국세라믹학회지
• /
• 제25권1호
• /
• pp.54-58
• /
• 1988

In order to depress PbO vaporization during calcination and improve sinterability in low temperature, a method for preparing homogeous Lead-Zirconate-Titanate (PZT) powder from aqueous salt solution by precipitation is described. In this method, single phae PZT fine powders are formed at above 500$^{\circ}C$. PZT-ceramics using these powders have high sinterability, and good sintering characteristics relatively low temp. (-high apparent density, low porosity, low water adsorption etc.)

• 한국세라믹학회지
• /
• 제28권9호
• /
• pp.721-729
• /
• 1991

SnO2-TiO2(Pt or Pd), as raw material for hydrocarbon gas sensors, was prepared by a coprecipitation method. The SnO2-TiO2-based thick film gas sensors were made by screen printing technique. The titanium dioxide synthesized was shown to be anatase structure from XRD peaks and was transformed to rutile structure between 700$^{\circ}C$ and 1000$^{\circ}C$. Titanium dioxide in SnO2-TiO2 thick films devices plays a very important role in the enhancement of the sensitivity to CH4 and C4H10. In the case of SnO2-TiO2(Pt) sensors, titanium dioxide that was rutile structure enhanced the sensitivity of the thick film to CH4. Platinum added to the raw powder at coprecipitation (as chloroplatinic acid VI hydrate) improved the gas sensitivity to hydrocarbon gases. Therefore, it is expected that the SnO2-TiO2(Pt) thick film sensors fabricated in this experiment could be put into practical use as LPG (primary component : C4H10 and C3H8) and LNG (primary component : CH4) sensors.

• 대한화학회지
• /
• 제56권5호
• /
• pp.609-616
• /
• 2012

Ba-ferrite ($BaFe_{12}O_{19}$) nanoparticles were synthesized by chemical coprecipitation method in an aqueous solution. The particle size and the crystallization temperature of the Ba-ferrite nanoparticles were controlled varying the precipitation temperature. The precipitate that was prepared at $0^{\circ}C$ showed the crystal structure of Ba-ferrite in X-ray diffraction when it was calcined at the temperature above $580^{\circ}C$, whereas what was prepared at $50^{\circ}C$ showed the crystallinity when it was calcined at the temperature higher than about $700^{\circ}C$. The particle sizes of the synthesized Ba-ferrite were in a range of about 20-30 nm when it was prepared by being precipitated at $0^{\circ}C$ and calcined at $650^{\circ}C$. When the precipitation temperature increased, the particle size also increased even at the same calcination temperature. The magnetic properties of the Ba-ferrite nanoparticles were also controlled by the synthetic condition of precipitation and calcination temperature. The coercive force could be appreciably lowered without a loss of saturation magnetization when the Ba-ferrite nanoparticles were prepared by precipitation and calcination both at low temperatures.

• 한국세라믹학회지
• /
• 제31권9호
• /
• pp.1005-1011
• /
• 1994

The three different composition of BaTi4O9, Ba2Ti9O20 and BaTi5O11 were prepared by coprecipitation process, and then the dielectric properties of these compounds were measured at low microwave frequencies. The powder showing high level of purity was synthesised by the coprecipition reaction of BaCl2 and TiCl4 where (NH4)2CO3 and NH4OH were used as a deflocculent. Followings are the result of this study: 1. The sintering temperature increased with increasing TiO2 content. 2. BaTi4O9 powder were synthesized as a single phase by this processing technique, but the resultant Ba2Ti9O20 and BaTi5O11 phase existed with Ba2Ti9O20 and BaTi5O11 phases. 3. Single phase BaTi4O9 showed high dielectric constant value of 35, high Q value of 8100.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• 제35권1호
• /
• pp.141-146
• /
• 2014

A series of bimetallic Cu-Zn/$SiO_2$ catalysts were prepared via thermal decomposition of the as-synthesized $CuZn(OH)_4(H_2SiO_3)_2{\cdot}nH_2O$ hydroxides precursors. This highly dispersed Cu-solid base catalyst is extremely effective for hydrogenation of ethyl acetate to ethanol. The reduction and oxidation features of the precursors prepared by coprecipitation method and catalysts were extensively investigated by TGA, XRD, TPR and $N_2$-adsorption techniques. Catalytic activity by ethyl acetate hydrogenation of reaction temperatures between 120 and $300^{\circ}C$, different catalyst calcination and reduction temperatures, different Cu/Zn loadings have been examined extensively. The relation between the performance for hydrogenation of ethyl acetate and the structure of the Cu-solid base catalysts with Zn loading were discussed. The detected conversion of ethyl acetate reached 81.6% with a 93.8% selectivity of ethanol. This investigation of the Cu-Zn/$SiO_2$ catalyst provides a recently proposed pathway for ethyl acetate hydrogenation reaction to produce ethanol over Cu-solid base catalysts.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
• /
• 제16권2호
• /
• pp.55-67
• /
• 1986

Inclusion complexation of tiaprofenic acid (TPA) with cyclodextrins $({\alpha}-,\;{\beta}-,\;{\gamma}-CyDs)$ in aqueous solution and in solid phase was investigated by solubility method, measurement of partition coefficient, ultra-violet, circular dichroism, infrared spectroscopies, powder X-ray diffractometry and differential scanning calorimetry. Investigations were made to prepare inclusion complexes of TPA with ${\beta}-CyD$ in solid powdered form by coprecipitation, freeze-drying, spray-drying and co-pulverization methods. The coprecipitation, freeze-drying and spray-drying methods were successful in obtaining inclusion complexes. The results showed that the latter two methods might be originally superior to the former in obtaining powdered inclusion completes. Especially, it was shown by powder X-ray diffractometry that spray-dried ${\beta}-CyD$ alone, TPA-spray-dried ${\beta}-CyD$ physical mixture, and spray-dried $TPA-{\beta}-CyD$ complex were amorphous. The dissolution behaviours of $TPA-{\beta}-CyD$ systems prepared by above four methods were compared with those of TPA alone and $TPA-{\beta}-CyD$ physical mixture, and the rates of dissolution of TPA in pH 1.2 buffer were greatly enhanced by inclusion complexation and copulverization.

• 분석과학
• /
• 제10권1호
• /
• pp.31-34
• /
• 1997

pH 4~5에서$ Ti^{4+}$ 이온을 여분의 옥살산 음이온으로 안정화시킨 다음 같은 당량의 $Ba^{2+}$ 이온이 첨가된 환경수 시료와 일시에 혼합시켜 줌으로써 barium titanate의 선구물질인 barium titanyl oxalate를 합성하였다. 이 때 환경수 시료 속에 미량으로 존재하는 $Cd^{2+}$ 및 $Pb^{2+}$ 이온이 정량적으로 공침되었으며, 이 공침법은 이들 원소의 분석을 위한 사전 농축법으로 활용 가능하였다.

• E2M - 전기 전자와 첨단 소재
• /
• 제10권3호
• /
• pp.274-283
• /
• 1997

These days, according to surprising development of communication enterprises, every soft of devices is getting smaller and cheaper. Among these Devices, microwave dielectric ceramics are studied and progressed briskly as the materials of dielectric resonator. Dielectric properties of BaO-S $M_{2}$ $O_{3}$-Ti $O_{2}$, one of the BaO Lnsub 2/ $O_{3}$-Ti $O_{2}$ (Ln=La, Sm, Nd, Pr…) system, synthesized by solid-reaction and coprecipitation method were investigated. Disk-type samples were sintered at 1250-1400.deg. C for 2hrs. As a result, single phase was not synthesized in both method. First created the second phase of S $M_{2}$ $Ti_{2}$ $O_{7}$, and then the last phase of $Ba_{3.75}$S $m_{9.5}$ $Ti_{18}$ $O_{54}$, Ti $O_{2}$, and $Ba_{2}$ $Ti_{9}$ $O_{20}$. When the sample was sintered at 1280.deg. C (in solid reaction method) and at 1310.deg. C (in coprecipitation method), it obtained highest dielectric constant (72.96 and 71.70, respectively) and high Q value. Above that temperature, dielectric constant and Q value decreased because of lattice defect according to oxygen vacancies........

• 한국세라믹학회지
• /
• 제38권11호
• /
• pp.1023-1029
• /
• 2001

육방정 페라이트 $Co_2$Z(B $a_3$ $Co_2$F $e_{24}$ $O_{41}$ )를 여러 공침-산화 방법으로 제조하여 생성과정을 연구하였으며, 적절한 제조 방법을 결정하였다. 산화 및 공침 순서를 다르게 하여 $Ba^{2+}$, $Co^{2+}$, F $e^{2+}$ 등의 염화물 혼합 수용액으로부터 $Co_2$Z 조성의 수산화물을 제조하였다. 그리고 열처리 온도에 따른 생성상의 변화를 열분석(DTA/TGA), 분말 X-선 회절분석, 주사전자현미경 등을 이용하여 관찰하였다. $Co_2$Z 상은 출발물질이 비정질에 가까운 산수산화철($\delta$-FeOOH)일 경우에만 관찰되었으며, $Ba_3$F $e_{32}$ $O_{51}$ , BaF $e_{12}$ $O_{19}$ (M형), $Ba_2$ $Co_2$F $e_{12}$ $O_{22}$ (Y형)로부터 생성되었다. 염화물 혼합 수용액을 산화시킨 다음 침전하여 합성한 공침물은 110$0^{\circ}C$부터 $Co_2$Z가 생성되었다.