• 대한간호학회지
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• 제49권3호
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• pp.349-360
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• 2019

Purpose: This study was conducted to derive a substantive theory on lived experiences of elderly cancer patients. Methods: The data were collected from February to March 2018 through in-depth personal interviews with 14 elderly cancer patients. The collected data were analyzed based on Corbin and Strauss's grounded theory. Results: The core category was "the journey to find balance in daily lives as a cancer patient by recovering disturbed ego integrity." The core phenomenon was "shattered by suffering from cancer," and the causal conditions were "physical change" and "limitations in daily life." The contextual conditions were "decreased self-esteem," "feelings of guilt toward the family," and the sense of "economic burden." The participants' action and interaction strategies were "maintaining or avoiding social relations," "seeking meaning of the illness," "falling into despair," and "strengthening the willingness to battle the cancer." The intervening conditions were "support from health care providers and family," "dissatisfaction with health care providers," "spiritual help from religion," and "the improvement or worsening of health conditions." The consequences were "having a new insight for life," "living positively along with cancer illness," and "the loss of willingness to live." A summary of the series of processes includes the "crisis stage," "reorganizing stage," and the "ego integration stage." Conclusion: This study explored the holistic process of ego integrity impairment and the recovery experience of elderly cancer patients. This study is expected to be used as a basis for the development of nursing interventions that can support patients when coping with all stages of their cancer illness trajectory.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.301-309
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• 2021

본 연구의 목적은 대학생들의 학업스트레스와 이러닝 이용의도와의 관계를 알아보고 대안의 매력도에 대한 조절효과를 파악하는 데 있다. 자료 수집은 2020년 5월 18일부터 5월 22일까지 317부의 설문지를 사용하여 수행되었다. 수집된 자료는 SmartPLS를 이용하여 측정모형을 분석하였다. 연구 결과 대학생들의 학업스트레스 중 수업, 성적, 대인관계로 인한 스트레스는 이러닝 이용의도와 정적인 관계를 보이며, 그 영향력은 학습자가 지각하는 대안의 매력도 수준이 클수록 더 높은 것으로 나타났다. 하지만, 시험 스트레스는 이러닝 이용의도에 유의한 영향을 미치지 않았으며, 대안에 대한 지각된 매력도의 조절효과도 유의하지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 대학생들의 건강한 대학생활과 이러닝 학습의 중요성을 부각시켜 대학 내에서 다양하고 매력적인 이러닝이 제공될 수 있기를 제언한다.

• 한국가족관계학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.49-72
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• 2016

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to develop a cognitive behavioral therapy program for ego-integrity of depressed elderly women living alone, and to verify its effectiveness. Method: The subjects of this study were composed of elderly women(age 65 and older) living alone who had basic literacy skills, 24 or higher in mental state examination(MMSE-K), and 6 or higher in elderly depression(GDS). 29 women were randomly assigned into an experimental group(cognitive behavioral therapy), a comparison group(reminiscence therapy) and a control group. The experimental group and the comparison group retrospectively participated in a 90-minute therapy session twice a week for a total of 12 weeks. The effectiveness of the program was assessed through a pretest, posttest, and 2-month follow-up test. The data collected were analyzed with SPSS 22.0 statistical program. Results: The main findings of this study are as follows. First, at posttest ego-integrity and self-esteem marked higher scores in both of the experimental group and the comparison group than in the control group, but the experimental group marked comparatively higher scores than the comparison group. For dysfunctional attitude, only the experimental group showed lower scores compared to the comparison group and the control group. Second, at posttest depression marked lower scores in the experimental group compared to the comparison group and the control group. Third, at posttest problem-solving and support-seeking coping strategies marked higher scores in the experimental group compared to the comparison group and the control group. Fourth, the significant improvements remained at 2-month follow-up test. Conclusions: Cognitive behavioral therapy resulted in improvements of the ego-integrity and related symptoms of depressed elderly women living alone at posttest and 2-month follow-up test respectively.

• 융합정보논문지
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• 제11권7호
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• pp.195-201
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• 2021

본 연구는 대학생의 감각 처리 유형과 스트레스 반응과의 관련성을 분석하였다. 경기도 및 충청도 지역의 대학생 99명을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였다. 설문조사 내용은 청소년/성인 감각 프로파일과 스트레스 반응 척도로 구성하였다. 자료는 SPSS 21.0을 사용하여 기술통계와 Pearson 상관분석을 하였다. 연구 결과 감각 처리 유형 중 저-등록과 감각 민감은 스트레스 반응의 공격성을 제외하고 모두 상관관계가 나타났으며, 감각 회피는 스트레스 반응의 모든 영역에서 상관관계가 나타났다. 감각 회피 유형은 스트레스 반응의 모든 영역과 관련이 없었다. 본 연구의 결과를 바탕으로 감각 처리 유형과 스트레스의 관련성을 고려하여 대학생의 스트레스 대처를 위한 자기조절 전략 개발에 다른 치료와 융합을 할 수 있을 것이라 사료된다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.19-34
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• 2021

본 연구는 챗봇의 오류의 유형과 오류 메시지의 구조화 여부에 따른 태도, 행동의도, 사용성의 차이를 검증하고자 하였다. 챗봇의 오류 유형은 마음지각 이론을 기반으로 기대수준이 서로 다른 경험요소 오류와 기능요소 오류로 나누었으며 오류 메시지는 오류 사실만을 명시하는 비구조화 조건과 사과 표현, 오류의 원인, 개선의지를 포함한 구조화된 조건으로 나누었다. 오류 유형에 따라 사용성 점수에 차이가 나타났으며, 구조화된 오류 메시지 조건에서 태도, 행동의도, 사용성 점수가 높게 나타났다. 경험요소 기대격차는 세 종속 변인을 예측하지 못했으나, 기능요소 기대격차는 세 종속 변인을 유의미하게 예측하였으며 기능요소 기대격차에 대하여 오류 유형과 오류 메시지 구조화 여부의 상호작용 경향성이 확인되었다. 본 연구는 구조화된 오류 메시지의 완충효과를 검증하였고 오류 유형에 따라 완충효과가 달라질 가능성을 확인하였다. 이 결과는 사용자 경험을 증진하는 오류대처전략설계에 적용가능할 것으로 기대한다.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제63권1호
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• pp.1-15
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• 2021

As a result of intensive breeding, litter size has considerably increased in pig production over the last three decades. This has resulted in an increase in farrowing complications. Prolonged farrowing will shorten the window for suckling colostrum and reduce the chances for high-quality colostrum intake. Studies also agree that increasing litter sizes concomitantly resulted in decreased piglet birth weight and increased within-litter birth weight variations. Birth weight, however, is one of the critical factors affecting the prognosis of colostrum intake, and piglet growth, welfare, and survival. Litters of uneven birth weight distribution will suffer and lead to increased piglet mortality before weaning. The proper management is key to handle the situation. Feeding strategies before farrowing, management routines during parturition (e.g., drying and moving piglets to the udder and cross-fostering) and feeding an energy source to piglets after birth may be beneficial management tools with large litters. Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1)-driven recovery from energy losses during lactation appears critical for supporting follicle development, the viability of oocytes and embryos, and, eventually, litter uniformity. This paper explores certain management routines for neonatal piglets that can lead to the optimization of their colostrum intake and thereby their survival in large litters. In addition, this paper reviews the evidence concerning nutritional factors, particularly lactation feeding that may reduce the loss of sow body reserves, affecting the growth of the next oocyte generation. In conclusion, decreasing birth weight and compromised immunity are subjects warranting investigation in the search for novel management tools. Furthermore, to increase litter uniformity, more focus should be placed on nutritional factors that affect IGF-1-driven follicle development before ovulation.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제63권2호
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• pp.199-210
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• 2021

A number of management issues can be used as drivers for change in order to improve animal welfare and nursing capacity of the hyperprolific sow. Group housing of sows during gestation is a recommended practice from the perspective of animal welfare. Related health issues include reproductive health and the locomotor system. It appears that management of pregnant sows in groups is challenging for a producer and considerable skill is required. We explored the benefits and challenges of group housing, including feeding issues. Increasing litter size requires additional attention to the mammary gland and its ability to provide sufficient nursing for the growing litter. We discuss the fundamentals of mammary development and the specific challenges related to the hyperprolific sow. We also address challenges with the farrowing environment. It appears that the old-fashioned farrowing crate is not only outdated in terms of welfare from the public's perspective, but also fails to provide the environment that the sow needs to support her physiology of farrowing, nursing, and maternal behaviour. Studies from our group and others indicate that providing the sow with a loose housing system adequate in space and nesting material, along with reasonable chance for isolation, can be considered as fundamental for successful farrowing of the hyperprolific sow. It has also been shown that management strategies, such as split suckling and cross fostering, are necessary to ensure proper colostrum intake for all piglets born alive in a large litter. We thus conclude that welfare and nursing capacity of the sow can be improved by management. However, current megatrends such as the climate change may change sow management and force the industry to rethink goals of breeding and, for instance, breeding for better resilience may need to be included as goals for the future.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.36-45
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• 2021

Purpose: This study examined the relationship between Knowledge of Life-sustaining Treatment Plans and Attitudes toward Withdrawal of Life-sustaining Treatment among nursing college students, and attempted to identify the mediating effect of Role Perception on Life-sustaining Treatment in that relationship. It is hoped that the findings will ultimately contribute to the development of active nursing strategies. Methods: The participants were 142 nursing college students in the third and fourth years of study who had experienced clinical practice at two universities in cities Y and C. Data were collected from November 1 to 30, 2019. For data analysis, SPSS for Windows version 22.0 was used to calculate descriptive statistics, the t-test, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and multiple regression. To analyze the mediating effect, the Baron and Kenny bootstrapping method was used. Results: Attitudes toward Withdrawal of Life-sustaining Treatment of nursing college students had a significant positive correlation with Knowledge of Life-sustaining Treatment Plans (r=0.34, P<0.001) and Role Perception on Life-sustaining Treatment (r=0.44, P<0.001). Role Perception on Life-sustaining Treatment partially mediated the relationship between Knowledge of Life-sustaining Treatment Plans and Attitudes toward Withdrawal of Life-sustaining Treatment (95% CI, 0.446~1.055). Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, improving nursing college students' Role Perception on Life-sustaining Treatment could be used as a coping strategy to establish positive Attitudes toward Withdrawal of Life-sustaining Treatment.

• Human Ecology Research
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• 제60권2호
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• pp.243-256
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• 2022

Undergraduate freshmen are currently encountering numerous difficulties in adapting to college life due to the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic. Thus, several studies have underlined the need to develop interventions focused on undergraduate students' resilience during this situation. We adopted the service design method in identifying the difficulties faced by undergraduate freshmen during this pandemic, and also developed interventions for raising their resilience. The service design method is a person-centered approach which adopts the user's viewpoint in developing solutions, thereby enabling their requirements to be satisfied. Surveys and in-depth interviews revealed that undergraduate freshmen were experiencing psycho-emotional problems which were derived from schoolwork and college life. This is particularly the case with students who are experiencing greater levels of academic difficulty, and were insufficiently equipped with resources such as stress-coping strategies and social support. Four undergraduate freshmen were recruited online to test the effectiveness of a resource promotion program aimed at enhancing their resilience. This program has proved to be helpful in relieving daily/academic stress and in building relationships among freshmen, regarding which the participants showed a high level of satisfaction. The results were discussed by focusing on psycho-emotional difficulties and resources of college freshmen, as well as the effectiveness of the resource promotion program. Further research is required in order to verify the efficiency of the program and to confirm conclusions.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.269-278
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• 2022

Purpose: This study analyzed the retention factors of Korean community health practitioners who sustained over 20 years based on a multi-dimensional framework. This study suggests global implications for nurses working in rural or remote areas, even during a worldwide pandemic. Methods: The participants were 16 Korean community health practitioners who worked in rural or remote locations for over 20 years. This study identified nurses' key retention factors contributing to long service in rural and remote areas. This is a qualitative study based on the narrative method and analysis was conducted using grounded theory. A semi-structured questionnaire was conducted based on the following: the life flow of the participants' first experience, episodes during the work experience, and reflections on the past 20 years. Results: First, personal 'financial needs' and 'callings' were motivation-related causal conditions. The adaptation of environment-work-community was the contextual condition leading to intervening conditions, building coping strategies by encountering a lifetime crisis. The consequences of 'transition' and 'maturation' naturally occurred with chronological changes. The unique factors were related to the 'external changes' in the Korean primary health system, which improved the participants' social status and welfare. Conclusion: Considering multi-dimensional retention factors was critical, including chronological (i.e., historical changes) and external factors (i.e., healthcare systems), to be supportive synchronously for rural nurses. Without this, the individuals working in the rural areas could be victimized by insecurity and self-commitment. Furthermore, considering the global pandemic, the retention of nurses is crucial to prevent the severity of isolation in rural and remote areas.