• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.35-49
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• 2015

Purpose: This study aimed to identify the current status and correlations among scuba divers' knowledge of safety, compliance with safety rules, and ability to cope with emergency situations. Methods: There were 317 study subjects. Data were collected between September 21, 2012 and September 7, 2013, and analyzed using SPSS software version 21.0. Results: Of the participants, 89.3% wanted to be educated in emergency care, while 69.4% indicated that preparedness in emergency situations for divers is insufficient. 78.5% suggested a need to creat a legal standard for the prevention of accidents. The average scores among the participants showed 3.22 points for knowledge of safety, 3.09 points for compliance with safety rules, and 2.91 points for ability to cope with accidents and emergency situations, with strong correlation among them. The lower license level they had, the lower score they indicated. Conclusion: We suggest there is a need to strengthen systematic educations on knowledge of safety, compliance with safety rules, and the ability to cope with emergency situations and emergency care at the open water level. In addition, there is a need to creat legal standards to consolidate the effects of these changes.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.42
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• pp.372-396
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• 2000

This study focuses on high school students and aims not only to examine the relationships among problem drinking measures and drinking motives to cope but also to determine the factors to predict the negative consequences related to alcohol. 1,436 self-reported questionnaires were collected from seven big cities' high school students who had ever experienced drinking. The survey data identified the following results; first, there were statistically significant differences in drinking motives to cope and 4 measures of problem drinking depending on gender and the school type. It should be noted that more girls and more students in vocational schools had experienced drunkenness rather than boys and students in academic schools unlike alcohol consumption, binge drinking, and negative consequences related to alcohol. Second, the use of alcohol to cope may place individuals at greater risk for alcohol problems. Four dimensions of problem drinking are moderately correlated to drinking motives to cope. Third, the result from logistic regressions indicated that factors related to drinking (binge drinking, drunkenness, and drinking reasons to cope) rather than demographic factors would be contributed more to one more as well as two more negative consequences. Especially, drunkeness seems to be the best factor to predict negative consequences related to alcohol. Implications for developing prevention programs are suggested.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.678-681
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• 1991

The Wittig-oxy-Cope rearrangements of deprotonated diallyl ether, I, $CH_2={\bar{C}}H-CH-O-CH_2-CH=CH_2$, have been investigated theoretically by the AM1 method. A two step mechanism forming a Wittig product ion, II, $(CH_2=CH)$ $(CH_2=CH-CH_2)$ $CHO^-$, through a radical-pair intermediate was found to provide the most favored reaction pathway in the Wittig rearrangement. The subsequent oxy-Cope rearrangement from species II also involves a two step mechanism through a biradicaloid intermediate. The intramolecular proton transfer in I (to form $CH_2=CH-CH_2-O-{\bar{C}}H-CH=CH_2$) is a higher activation energy barrier process compared to the Wittig and oxy-Cope rearrangements and is considered to be insignificant. These results are in good agreement with the condensed-phase as well as gas-phase experimental results.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.157-163
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• 1991

The total synthesis of dihydroreynosin (1) and dihydrosantamarine (2) via tandem Cope-Claisen rearrangement has been accomplished starting from (S)-carvone (4).

• Journal of the Korean BIBLIA Society for library and Information Science
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.45-69
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• 2012

This paper examined the roles of academic libraries in open access journal publishing in terms of monetary supports for publication. As a result, many academic libraries have participated in the cooperative programs such as COPE(Compact for Open-Access Publishing Equity) and $SCOAP^3$(The Sponsoring Consortium for Open Access Publishing in Particle Physics) for authors to publish their research in open access journals. Also, 13 academic libraries in North America have set up the campus-based open access author funds individually. Most of academic libraries in participating COPE did not fund for research that have been published in the hybrid open access journals. In addition to publication funds, academic libraries provided authors or scholarly societies with such services as copyright negotiation, technological supports of the publication process, and the dissemination of open access publications.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.13-26
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to reduce the unemployed housewives' stress and to seek proper strategies to cope with the stress by understanding stress of urban unemployed housewives' caused by financial management. The survey for this study was conducted in the capital city of Korea, Seoul and other major cities. The subjects included housewives in these areas who currently cohabited with their spouses and had at least on child or more. The preliminary and main survey questionnaires were distributed between November 12, 2001 and February 27, 2002. The results of the study were to establish an appropriate policy in order to improve the economic welfare and to develop strategies or related programs in order to overcome financial crisis in the family economy. the major findings were as follows: (1) The stress level of urban unemployed housewives caused by the financial management showed an average of 2.64 out of 5.0 and the level of utilizing strategies to cope with the stress indicated an average of 2.79 out of 5.0 (2) There were significant relationship between the stress caused by the financial management and the strategies of overcoming the stress indicated positive correlation(r=.378). (3) Relative contributor among independent variables to cope with stress was analysed and at the second phase in the process of the analysis, the subjective variables appeared to be significant variables to contribute to cope with the stress.

• 전기의세계
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• v.44 no.9
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• pp.43-47
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• 1995

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.277-287
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• 2016

This study explores how a teacher copes with anomalous situation in primary practical science lesson and what factors affect teacher's strategy to cope with anomalous situations. The method of auto-ethnography was used in order to capture the inner experience of the individual teacher. For this, one of the researchers participated in this study as the teacher participant. Two science lessons that the researcher taught as a teacher were observed by a co-author and video-recorded. However, only one lesson which the teacher experienced the anomalous situation was analyzed. After the lesson, self-interviews were conducted with the co-author. Also the researcher wrote four reflective journals about anomalous situations that she experienced. What has emerged in this study is that anomalous situations were experienced by the teacher while students were doing practical work and while students were presenting their results of practical work. As each anomalous situation was experienced in different contexts, the strategies that the teacher used were different and were affected not only by the personal epistemological belief but also by the socio-cultural context that the teacher was surrounded by. This study has implications to help teachers who have difficulties in coping with anomalous situations.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.16 no.12
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• pp.1212-1219
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• 2010

The most important thing in the container terminal is to handle the cargo effectively in the limited time. To achieve this object, many strategies have been introduced and applied to. If we consider the technical trends and environment of the automated container terminal, it is necessary that the systems for cargo handling are equipped with more intelligent control technologies. To cope with this tendency, from the middle of the 1990's, the automated RMGC (Rail-Mounted Gantry Crane) and RTGC (Rubber-Tired Gantry Crane) have been developed and widely used to handle containers in the yards. Recently, in these cranes, the many equipments like CCD cameras and sensors are mounted to cope with the automated terminal environment. If we want to obtain more efficient handling performance, the modelling, tracking control, anti-sway system design, skew motion suppressing and complicated motion control problems must be considered in the control system design and application process. Considering these problems, in this paper, the system modelling with the tire slip and a tracking control approach are proposed. Especially, we design the tracking control system based on the 2DOF servosystem design approach to cope with undesirable disturbance input. The experiment results show the desirable performance and usefulness of the designed control system.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.188-195
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• 2004

Purpose: This study was to identify and to search the related disposition of the pattern of anxiety and coping in mothers of children with nephrotic syndrome through the use of Q-methodology. Method: 34 Q-samples were finally selected in the concept of anxiety and coping. A P-sample of 35 was selected the mothers of children with nephortic syndrome. The result of the Q-sorting was coded and analyzed using QUANL PC program. Result: There were 3 types of special opinion. The first type is called ' Pursuit of hope type.' Members of this type were cope with the anxiety by spiritual behavior like a pray, positive thinking. The second type is called 'Worry about reality type.' Members of this type were to be filled with apprehension like an indigestion, insomnia. The third type is called ' Solving problem type.' Members of this type were cope with the humanity effort by conversation. Conclusion: The mothers of children with nephrotic syndrome were used various coping patterns to cope with the anxiety conditions that their child were result from admission to hospital and treatment of the disease. Therefore, nursing assessment and nursing intervention skills have to develop in consideration of the subjectivity of coping about anxiety in each individual.