• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.260-267
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• 2015

Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) have been postulated to play a central role in the development of diabetic complications. A variety of different agents that inhibit AGEs have been under investigation. In this study, 111 herbal medicines from China have been investigated with an in vitro evaluation system using AGEs formation inhibitory activity. Of these, 9 herbal medicines (IC₅₀: <5 μg/ml) were found to have significant AGEs formation inhibitory activity. Particularly, herbal medicines Barleria cristata (leaves), Calotropis gigantea (stems), Ardisia virens (leaves), Dalbergia yunnanensis (leaves) Pittosporum runcatum (leaves), Ardisia japonica (leaves), Rhododendron racemosum (twigs), Oxyria sinensiss (aerial parts), Pyrrosia calvata (whole plants), showed more potent inhibitory activity (approximately 15-40 fold) than the positive control aminoguanidine (IC₅₀: 76.47 μg/ml).

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.312-318
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• 2016

Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) such as $N^{\varepsilon}$-(carboxy-methyl)lysine (CML) have been implicated in the development of diabetic nephropathy. The aim of this study was to investigate the inhibitory effects of ethanolic extract of Aster koraiensis (AKE) on AGEs formation and AGEs-collagen cross-linking in vitro and CMLs formation in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. AKE significantly inhibited AGEs formation ($IC_{50}$ value of $18.74{\mu}g/mL$) and AGEs-collagen cross-linking ($IC_{50}$ value of 0.274 mg/mL) in vitro than the well-known glycation inhibitor aminoguanidine ($IC_{50}$ value of $72.12{\mu}g/mL$ and 1.99 mg/mL, respectively). AKE (100 mg/kg per day) was given to diabetic rats for 9 weeks. In STZ-induced diabetic rats, severe hyperglycemia was developed, and urinary CMLs and plasma CMLs were markedly increased. Immunohistochemical stain revealed that CMLs were accumulated within renal glomerulus in STZ-induced diabetic rats. However, AKE significantly reduced urinary CMLs and plasma CMLs in diabetic rats. CMLs accumulation was inhibited by AKE treatment in the renal glomerulus. These results suggest that AKE had an inhibitory effect of AGE accumulation in the glomeruli of diabetic rat and could be an inhibitor of AGE-induced protein cross-linking. The oral administration of AKE may significantly help to prevent the progression of diabetic nephropathy in patients with diabetes.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.250-259
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• 2015

Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) have been implicated in diabetic complications. In this study, the inhibitory effect on AGEs formation of 156 Korean herbal medicines has been evaluated. Among them, 15 Korean herbal medicines were showed to have significant effect (IC₅₀: <10 μg/ml) compared to positive reference, aminoguandine (IC₅₀: 76.47±4.81 μg/ml). Especially, four herbal medicines, Alnus firma (leaves, IC₅₀: 3.25±0.10 μg/ml), Juncus decipiens (whole plants, IC₅₀: 4.30±0.44 μg/ml), Smilax china (stems, IC₅₀: 3.55±0.21 μg/ml), and Vicia amoena (Aerial parts, IC₅₀: 4.25±0.06 μg/ml) showed more potent inhibitory activity approximately 8-24 fold) than the positive control aminoguanidine.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.268-278
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• 2015

In this study, 80 herbal medicines from Vietnam have been investigated with an in vitro evaluation system using advanced glycation end products (AGEs) formation inhibitory activity. Of these, 10 herbal medicines (IC₅₀: <5 μg/ml) were found to have significant AGEs formation inhibitory activity. Particularly, herbal medicines Strobilanthes pateriformis (aerial parts), Rhodamnia dumetorum (twigs), Glochidion rubrum (twigs), Dipterocarpus obtusifolius (twigs), Bombax ceiba (twigs), Amesiodendron chinense (twigs), Bauhinia coccinea (twigs), Lithocarpus laouanensis (twigs), Bauhinia bracteata (twigs) and Connarus paniculatus (twigs), showed more potent inhibitory activity (approximately 16-31 fold) than the positive control aminoguanidine (IC₅₀: 76.47 μg/ml).

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.13 no.7
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• pp.349-357
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• 2015

Giant character used various SF movies and games in media convergence ages, and is essential for giant character in success contents. It This study defined giant character of SF movies and games, it analysed the eight of external characteristics and internal characteristics of giant character in SF movies and games. The external characteristics defined shape, silhouette, size and color, the internal characteristics defined fear, satanism, image and story focus, playfulness. Above, it was structured positioning model of giant character based eight characteristics and analyzation of example of SF movies and games. The elements of positioning model of giant characters are darkness, huge, abnormal, human, animal, fear, satanism, story focused, image focused and playfulness, and this study was proposed these model of elements of eight in SF movies and games.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.56 no.6
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• pp.2247-2257
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• 2024

To investigate the impact of the recently released pediatric reference voxel phantoms (0-, 1-, 5-, 10-, 15-year-old males and females) of the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) on organ dose estimates for radioactive iodine (RAI) treatment in pediatric patients, we calculated and analyzed pediatric-specific iodine131 S values (r_T ← thyroid) for the 30 radiosensitive organs by conducting Monte Carlo simulations using the Geant4. The gender dependency in the S values was frequently seen for the 15-year-old phantoms with higher S values of female than male. In addition, the age dependency in the S values was observed for most target organs; that is, the S values tend to decrease for older ages (e.g., ~120 times for the gonads between the adult and newborn) due mainly to the inter-organ distances generally longer for older ages. Moreover, we observed that the iodine-131 S values tend to be significantly greater by up to ~145.5 times than those of the stylized phantoms that have been widely used for organ dose estimates of pediatric RAI patients. We believe that the pediatric-specific iodine-131 S values (r_T ← thyroid) of the ICRP pediatric reference voxel phantoms should be beneficial to improve the dosimetry of pediatric RAI patients.

• Journal of Industrial Convergence
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.31-44
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• 2013

This study was to identify the relationships among the autonomy, job stress, and job performance of nurses. For general characteristics, there was no difference was a difference in the job stress of the subjects in accordance with their ages and clinical nursing career. In conclusion, in order to enhance nursing specialty by offering qualitative nursing, To amerliorate job performance, it is necessary to improve the autonomy of nurses and to manage their job stress properly.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2017

The life history of man is summarized as a birth-aging-disease-death. Man eventually ages and dies. How long can humans live? What is aging? Why do we age? Is aging inevitable? Can we rejuvenate? Recent researches on biological aging suggest that humans might overcome aging and rejuvenate. In this paper, we review the biologic characteristics of aging and the latest results of biological aging research, implicating that aging can be controlled, further treated, and that humans can ultimately be rejuvenated.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.69-75
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of age and gender on Eastern and Western cultural values imbedded in online advertising. This study conducted a survey of 180 men and women ages between 10s and 60s who lived in Seoul, Korea. They responded the acceptance degree of six online advertising emphasized three Korean traditional values and three Modern values. Research hypotheses of this study were the acceptance of cultural values in online advertising is different between ages, but similar between gender. The hypotheses were supported as the previous studies. Findings suggest several theoretical and practical implications that convergence between modern and traditional values is a more important variable to study in the research of online advertising.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.105-109
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• 2016

This paper is to review from a developer's perspective about the relationship between game development and the convergence of several disciplines during the game development. As the popularity of smart phones is accelerating mobile gaming it is becoming an area where various types of games that appeal to all ages of users. In this study, the production of a new genre of mobile games that can be enjoyed by all ages apart an existing generalized game and will be described an experience for them. The games built on the game plan, the planning information through the process of creating the actual game. At the same time, it studies on the relationship between each process by several studies.