• 한국정보시스템학회지:정보시스템연구
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.123-149
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• 2021

Purpose The purpose of this study is to define the anti-ESG activities of companies recognized by media by reflecting ESG recently attracted attention. This study extracts keywords for ESG controversies through association rule mining. Design/methodology/approach A research framework is designed to extract keywords for ESG controversies as follows: 1) From DeepSearch DB, we collect 23,837 articles on anti-ESG activities exposed to 130 media from 2013 to 2018 of 294 listed companies with ESG ratings 2) We set keywords related to environment, social, and governance, and delete or merge them with other keywords based on the support, confidence, and lift derived from association rule mining. 3) We illustrate the importance of keywords and the relevance between keywords through density, degree centrality, and closeness centrality on network analysis. Findings We identify a total of 26 keywords for ESG controversies. 'Gapjil' records the highest frequency, followed by 'corruption', 'bribery', and 'collusion'. Out of the 26 keywords, 16 are related to governance, 8 to social, and 2 to environment. The keywords ranked high are mostly related to the responsibility of shareholders within corporate governance. ESG controversies associated with social issues are often related to unfair trade. As a result of confidence analysis, the keywords related to social and governance are clustered and the probability of mutual occurrence between keywords is high within each group. In particular, in the case of "owner's arrest", it is caused by "bribery" and "misappropriation" with an 80% confidence level. The result of network analysis shows that 'corruption' is located in the center, which is the most likely to occur alone, and is highly related to 'breach of duty', 'embezzlement', and 'bribery'.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.2155-2157
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• 2013

Advances and controversies of skin cancer prevention in the Asian-Pacific region are to be examined in the world's first Global Controversies and Advances in Skin Cancer Conference to be held in Brisbane, Australia this November. APOCP Members are cordially invited to register early for the opportunity to contribute to the debate on a cancer which continues to be a prominent issue in the Asia Pacific and indeed worldwide. We need answers to the questions of why a cancer that is so preventable and easily detectable is still shrouded in controversy. Primary focuses will be on issues like viral involvement, vaccines and novel clinical approaches.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제60권7호
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• pp.203-207
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• 2017

Chorioamnionitis is an inflammation in the fetal membranes or placenta. When chorioamnionitis develops, fetal lungs are exposed to inflammatory cytokines and mediators via amniotic fluid. Because inflammation plays a pivotal role in the development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), a chronic lung disease of prematurity, fetal lung inflammation induced by chorioamnionitis has been considered to be one of the major pathogenetic factors for BPD. Although there have been a number of studies that demonstrated the relationship between chorioamnionitis and BPD, there are still controversies on this issue. The controversies on the relationship between chorioamnionitis and BPD arise from not-unified definitions of chorioamnionitis and BPD, different study populations, and the proportion of contribution between inflammation and infectious microorganisms. The publication bias also contributes to the controversies. Clinical trials targeting chorioamnionitis or microorganisms that cause chorioamnionitis will answer on the actual relationship between chorioamnionitis and BPD and provide a novel prophylactic strategy against BPD based on that relationship.

• 대한생식의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한불임학회 1996년도 춘계 학술대회
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• pp.12-22
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• 1996

• 사회경제평론
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.1-29
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• 2016

이 논문은 부과방식 연금제도에 비한 (완전)적립식 연금제도의 우수성을 주장하는 신고전파 경제학의 관점을 1950-60년대 자본논쟁의 결론에 비추어 비판한다. 문제의 관점은 '투자수요함수'와 '(집약형) 생산함수'의 형태로 대변되는 관계들, 즉 이자율과 투자 사이의 역관계와 자본집약도와 노동생산성 사이의 정관계에 결정적으로 의존한다. 자본논쟁을 통해 이 두 관계는 항상 성립하는 관계가 아님이 밝혀졌다. 따라서 신고전파 경제학이 주장하는 적립식 연금제도의 우수성은 그 이론적 기반이 약화된다. 또한 그 관계들이 성립하지 않으면, 장기에서도 유효수요가 소득과 고용량을 결정하는 요소로서 작동할 여지가 생긴다. 장기에서 유효수요의 역할은 적립식 연금제도의 문제점을 부각시키는 동시에 부과방식 연금제도의 경쟁력을 지지한다.

• 대한견주관절학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한견주관절학회 2002년도 아시아견관절학술대회
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• pp.373-376
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• 2002

• 대한임상약리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한임상약리학회 2001년도 춘계 심포지움
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• pp.16-17
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• 2001

• 한국중재학회지:중재연구
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.163-196
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• 2005

In modern society, there is given rise to a lots of environmental controversies. This disputes bring about the social problems. The reason that this kinds of dispute is frequently brought in our society is that our society is democratized and a nation asserts his rights strongly. And also the reason is that there is not enough the legal system which is able to settle such a dispute amicably. Thus this thesis deals with the arbitration systems as the way to solve the dispute of environmental problems. This paper is composed as follows. 1. Introduction 2. The cause of trouble still exists in our society related to environmental controversy 3. A general settlement procedure of environmental disputes 4. Administrative grievance mediation 5. Environmental disputes and arbitration systems 6. Conclusion

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.727-732
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• 1997

Dietary supplements are generally defined as concentrated sources of nutrients prescribed in addition to the daily diet to increase nutrient intake. These supplements are usually in the form of tablets, capsules, pills, powders, or liquids. Sales of dietary supplements are roughly $4 billion per year in the United States. Nearly 4 out of every 10 adults use dietary supplements regularly. This article is to report the pros and cons in the use of dietary supplements and a brief overview of current law, proposed regulations, and related activities in the United States. It provides what information should be known to the public before federal regulations governing health claims are made . These regulations may decide whether health food industries or pharmaceutical companies can make claims about the function of nutrients.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권11호
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• pp.6209-6213
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• 2013

Well differentiated thyroid cancers (WDTC), including papillary (80%) and follicular (10%) types, are the most common endocrine cancers globally. Over the last few decades most the diagnosed cases have fallen into low risk categories. Radioactive iodine-131 (RAI) has an established role in reducing recurrence and improving the survival in high risk patients. In patients with primary tumor size <1 cm, RAI is not recommended by many thyroid societies. However, low risk WDTC has been an arena of major controversies, most importantly the role and dose of adjuvant RAI for remnant ablation to minimize chances of recurrence and improving survival. This review is an attempt to update readers about the previous and existing practice based on results of non-randomized trials and evolving trends fueled by recently published randomized studies.