• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.319-328
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• 2023

Facial nerve palsy refers to sudden, unilateral lower motor neuron facial paralysis. This study aimed to determine the importance of neck treatment in the treatment of facial paralysis. A literature search was performed on six online databases and other sources until January 15, 2023. A total of 426 papers were retrieved. After excluding duplicated and inconsistent papers, papers not including cervical treatment, and experimental papers on animals, two papers were finally selected. The type of treatment method, therapeutic effects, assessment of the risk of bias in randomized controlled trials, and non-randomized controlled trials and side effects were evaluated. Chiropractic, manual therapy, facial meridian massage, and acupotomy were applied to the face and cervical spine region. The results showed that each treatment had a significant therapeutic effect through evaluation index measurement methods, such as the visual analog scale and Yanagihara's unweighted regional grading system. This study demonstrated the importance of the cervical spine area in the treatment of facial paralysis. However, this study has many limitations. Thus, high-quality randomized controlled comparative studies on the treatment of the cervical spine area only or studies that include cervical spine area treatment as an interventional treatment while performing oriental or comprehensive treatment are needed.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.1-7
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• 2013

This paper aims at contributing to the field of ship design by introducing new systematic variation methods for ship hull forms. Hull form design is generally carried out in two stages. The first is the global variation considering the sectional area curve. Because the geometric properties of a sectional area curve have a decisive effect on the global hydrodynamic properties of ships, the design of a sectional area curve that satisfies various global design conditions, e.g., the displacement, longitudinal center of buoyancy, etc., is important in the initial hull form design stage. The second stage involves the local design of section forms. Section forms affect the local hydrodynamic properties, e.g., the local pressure in the fore- and aftbody. This paper deals with a new method for the systematic variation of sectional area curves. The longitudinal volume distribution of a ship depends on the sectional area curve, which can geometrically be controlled using parametric variation and a variation that uses the modification function. Based on these methods, we suggest a more generalized method in connection with the derivation of the lines for a new design compared to those for similar ships. This is the so-called the volumetric balanced variation (VOB) method for ship forms using a B-spline modification function and an optimization technique. In this paper the global geometric properties of hull forms are totally controlled by the form parameters. We describe the new method and some application examples in detail.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.63 no.1
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• pp.45-50
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• 2019

Because arsenic (As) is a chemical substance toxic to humans, there have been extensive investigations on the development of As detection methods. In this study, the electrochemical determination of As on nanoporous gold (NPG) electrodes was investigated using anodic stripping voltammetry. The electrochemical surface area of the NPG electrodes was controlled by changing the reaction times during the anodization of Au for NPG preparation, and its effect on the electrochemical behavior during As detection was examined. The detection efficiency of the NPG electrodes improved as the roughness factor of the NPG electrodes increased up to around 100. A further increase in the surface area of the NPG electrodes resulted in a decrease of the detection efficiency due to high background current levels. The most efficient As detection efficiency was obtained on the NPG electrodes prepared with an anodization time of 50 s. The effects of the detection parameters and of the Cu interference in As detection were investigated and the NPG electrode was compared to flat Au electrodes.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.546-551
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• 2006

It considered the population decrease and becoming older in age of the Rural area and operates by unmaned-non power which self-controlled gate developed. The operational principal used a buoyancy and when water level in the canal arrived to the set water level, in order for gate to be opened. The plate in order to fix to the shape in the canal which begs, it did in the quadrilateral and the rainfall it is sour intensively, canal bank comfort plate in order to ascend completely, it designed. The result which establishes Self-controlled gate, the gate upstream 1km until degree there was water level synergistic effect. It developed 4 as the research project and it established in Ah San city, and it establishes the Self-controlled gate of $B3.2m{\times}H2.4m$ size in Damyang and 100ha it does water supply in the rice field.

• Journal of Software Assessment and Valuation
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.103-107
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• 2019

Recently, many technologies have been developed to realize low power high speed digital data communication and one of them is related to duty cycle correction. In this paper, a low-area duty cycle correction circuit for a voltage-controlled ring generator is proposed. The duty cycle correction circuit is a circuit that corrects the duty cycle using a 180 degree phase difference of a voltage controlled ring oscillator. The proposed low-area duty cycle circuit changes a conventional flip-flop to a true single phase clocking (TSPC) flip-flop And a low-area high-performance circuit is realized. By using TSPC flip-flop instead of general flip-flop, it is possible to realize low-area circuit compared to existing circuit, and it is expected to be used for high-performance circuit for low-power because it is easy to operate at high speed.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.393-399
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• 2009

The water of rivers and lakes are affecting by point and nonpoint source pollutions. The point source pollution can be controlled by establishing the treatment plants. However, nonpoint source pollution by various human activities is not easy to be controlled because it is difficult to determine the exits of the water flow and have many exit points. Due to contribution of nonpoint source pollution, the achievement ratio of water quality in rivers and lakes is not high. TMDL is the outstanding water quality control policy because all of the pollutant loadings from the watershed area are counting on the input loads. Our aqua-ecosystem has self-purification process by biological, physical and ecological processes. The self-purification process can remove the pollutant load from background concentrations. Usually forest area is main source of background concentrations. In Korea, about 70% of the national boundary area consists of mountains. This study is conducting as part of long-term monitoring to determine the Event Mean Concentration during a storm. The monitoring was performed on a broad-leaved tree area.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.39-49
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• 1997

Nicotinic acid was mixed with glass powders such as controlled pore glass (CPG), glyceryl controlled pore glass (GPG) and glass beads (GB) at room temperature. The physicochemical properties of nicotinic acid in the various mixtures were examined by differential thermal analysis, X-ray diffraction study. Infrared spectroscopy and BET gas adsorption measurements. The peak area at the melting point from the various mixtures of nicotinic acid and CPG was increased with an increase of nicotinic acid concentration while the broad peak area was remained unchanged in the DTA curve. As shown in the powder X-ray diffraction patterns, the crystalline peaks of nicotinic acid disappeared in mixture with CPG, suggesting the interaction of nicotinic acid and porous powders. It was found that the larger the content of CPG, the higher the ratio of an amorphous state to a crystalline state. BET isotherm showed that as the amount of nicotinic acid was increased, the specific surface area was reduced proportionally to nicotinic acid content of up to 40% and remained constant thereafter. Sublimation of nicotinic acid from the mixture of nicotinic acid and CPG was examined. A large quantity of nicotinic acid was retained in the mixture when stored on various temperatures in vacuo for 10 hours. The nicotinic acid mixtures with CPG or GPG showed a high dissolution rates of nicotinic acid in aqueous solution, especially in the initial dissolution stage. CPG is expected to be a good pharmaceutical excipient to reduce the crystallinity of drugs and to prevent sublimation of drugs.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.81 no.4
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• pp.303-309
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• 1992

This study eras carried out to investigate the ecological changes on the plant community at erosion controlled area in Yoju-gun, Kyonggi-do. The results of the study were as follows : 1. The depth of organic matters in the soil profile from 4 to 14 years was estimated to be $Y_{(cm)}=0.436X_{(yr)}-0.931$(r=0.978), and 02 layer was $Y_{(cm)}=0.339_{(yr)}-0.931$ (r=0.954). 2. On upper plant layer. Alnus spp. was decreased, on an average, 32% of relative coverage, 12.4% of relative density and 16.8% of relative frequency in each plot for 3 years, as this area was damaged by Agelastica coerulea Baly for 2-3 years. 3. On upper plant layer, relative coverage of Pinus spp. was increased after 6, 7 years in erosion controlled area and was taked the highest plant (more then 40%) from 10 to 14 years. 4. On lower plant layer, relative density of Quercus ssp. (these species has not been planted and sown on erosin controlling) was increased all the plot. 5. The increase of the whole crown projection area was estimated to be $Y_{(m^2)}=18.020X_{(yr)}+18.834$(r=0.954) 6. The biomass was estimated to be 14.88t/ha on elapsed 6 years, 22.84t/ha on 8 years, 35.08t/ha on 10 years, 47.80t/ha on 12 years, 58.13t/ha on 14 years.

• Proceedings of the Polymer Society of Korea Conference
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• 2006.10a
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• pp.188-188
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• 2006

We demonstrate two very simple and fast routes to fabricating ordered micro/nanopatterns of polymers over large areas on various substrates using controlled dewetting. The first method is based on utilizing microimprinting to induce the local thickness variation of an initially inverted bilayer which allows the controlled dewetting and partial layer inversion upon subsequent thermal annealing. In the second method, the self assembly of block copolymer was controlled on a chemically micropatterned surface produced by microcontact printing, being combined with its solvent vapor treatment. The kinetically driven, non-lithographical nanopattern structures were easily fabricated over large area by these approaches.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Power Electronics
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.324-329
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• 2017

The phase controlled rectifier using thyristor is suitable for the high capacity and low-cost system. However, the rectifier output voltage drop is influenced by the grid inductance effect. Supposing the commutation area voltage and current are analyzed, the grid inductance can be estimated using the proposed algorithm. This paper presents the grid inductance estimation method for improved commutation compensation control of the phase controlled rectifier, and the proposed control algorithm effectiveness is verified by simulation.