• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.51-62
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• 2012

The exponential growth in wireless services has resulted in an overly crowded spectrum. The current state of spectrum allocation indicates that most usable frequencies have already been occupied. This makes one pessimistic about the feasibility of integrating emerging wireless services such as large-scale sensor networks into the existing communication infrastructure. Cognitive radio is an emerging dynamic spectrum access technology that can be used for flexibly and efficiently achieving open spectrum sharing. Cognitive radio is an intelligent wireless communication system that is aware of its radio environment and that is capable of adapting its operation to statistical variations of the radio frequency. In ad hoc cognitive radio networks, a common control channel (CCC) is usually used for supporting transmission coordination and spectrum-related information exchange. Determining a CCC in distributed networks is a challenging research issue because the spectrum availability at each ad hoc node is quite different and dynamic due to the interference between and coexistence of primary users. In this paper, we propose a novel CCC selection protocol that is implemented in a distributed way according to the appearance patterns of primary systems and connectivity among nodes. The proposed protocol minimizes the possibility of CCC disruption by primary user activities and maximizes node connectivity when the control channel is set up. It also facilitates adaptive recovery of the control channel when the primary user is detected on that channel.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2004년도 ICCAS
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• pp.1205-1210
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• 2004

The 4-20mA analog signal used in the various industrial fields to interface sensor in distributed process control has been replaced with relatively simple digital networks, called "fieldbus, and recently by Ethernet. Significant advances in Internet and computer technology have made it possible to develop an Internet based control, monitoring, and operation scheduling system for heating, ventilation and air-conditioning (HVAC) systems. The seamless integration of data networks with control networks allows access to any control point from anywhere. Field compatible field devices become so-called "smart" devices, capable of executing simple control, diagnostic and maintenance functions and providing bidirectional serial communication to higher level controller. The most important HVAC of BAS has received nationwide attention because of higher portion of more than 40% in building sector energy use and limited resources. This paper presents the Internet-based monitoring and control architecture and development of LonWorks control modules for AHU (air handling units) of HVAC in viewpoint of configuring BAS network. This article addresses issues in architecture section, electronics, embedded processors and software, and internet technologies.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제10권8호
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• pp.3529-3550
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• 2016

In heterogeneous networks (HetNets), energy saving is vital for a sustainable network development. Many techniques, such as spectrum allocation, network planning, etc., are used to improve the network energy efficiency (EE). In this paper, micro BSs utilizing cell range expansion (CRE) and spectrum allocation are considered in multi-channel heterogeneous networks to improve EE. Hotspot region is assumed to be covered by micro BSs which can ensure that the hotspot capacity is greater than the average demand of hotspot users. The expressions of network energy efficiency are derived under shared, orthogonal and hybrid subchannel allocation schemes, respectively. Particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is used to solve the optimal ratio of subchannel allocation in orthogonal and hybrid schemes. Based on the results of the optimal analysis, we propose three service control strategies on the basis of large-scale user behaviors, i.e., adjust micro cell rang expansion (AmCRE), adjust micro BSs density (AmBD) and adjust micro BSs transmit power (AmBTP). Both theoretical and simulation results show that using shared subchannel allocation scheme in AmBD strategies can obtain maximal EE with a very small area ratio. Using orthogonal subchannel allocation scheme in AmCRE strategies can obtain maximal EE when area ratio is larger. Using hybrid subchannel allocation scheme in AmCRE strategies can obtain maximal EE when area ratio is large enough. No matter which service control strategy is used, orthogonal spectrum scheme can obtain the maximal hotspot user rates.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제10권12호
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• pp.5328-5346
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• 2016

An optimal power control algorithm based on convex optimization is proposed for base stations in long term evolution networks. An objective function was formulated to maximize the proportional fairness of the networks. The optimal value of the objective function was obtained using convex optimization and distributed methods based on the path loss model between the base station and users. Field tests on live networks were conducted to evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithm. The experimental results verified that, in a multi-cell multi-user scenario, the proposed algorithm increases system throughputs, proportional fairness, and energy efficiency by 9, 1.31 and 20.2 %, respectively, compared to the conventional fixed power allocation method.

• 한국항공우주학회지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.24-33
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• 2004

본 논문에서는 광범위한 비선형 함수 근사 성질을 갖고 있는 온라인 적응 신경회로망을 이용하여 헬리콥터 비행 제어 시스템을 설계하였다. 기존의 시스템 모델링 오차를 보상하는 방식과는 달리, 시스템의 입출력 정보를 통해 피드백 선형화 기법에서 필요한 두 개의 비선형 함수를 신경회로망을 이용하여 대체하는 방법을 적용하였다. 두 개의 비선형 함수를 신경회로망으로 대체하여 구성된 폐회로 시스템의 추적 성능과 내부 안정성을 보장하기 위하여 신경회로망의 가중치 학습 방법을 리야프노프 함수를 이용하여 유도하였다. 그리고 헬리콥터 저속 비행 모드에 대한 수치 시뮬레이션 결과를 통해 신경회로망을 적용한 제어 시스템의 성능을 검증하였다.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 1996년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.372-377
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• 1996

A time-optimal control law for quick, strongly nonlinear systems like revolute robots has been developed and demonstrated. This procedure involves the utilization of neural networks as state feedback controllers that learn the time-optimal control actions by means of an iterative minimization of both the final time and the final state error for the known and unknown systems with constrained inputs and/or states. The nature of neural networks as a parallel processor would circumvent the problem of "curse of dimensionality".ity".uot;.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2002년도 ICCAS
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• pp.120.2-120
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• 2002

In this paper auto-tuning scheme of weight function in the neural networks has been suggested by immune algorithm for nonlinear process. A number of structures of the neural networks are considered as learning methods for control system. A general view is provided that they are the special cases of either the membership functions or the modification of network structure in the neural networks. On the other hand, since the immune network system possesses a self organizing and distributed memory, it is thus adaptive to its external environment and allows a PDP (parallel distributed processing) network to complete patterns against the environmental situation. Also. It can provi..

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• 제18권1_2호
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• pp.455-464
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• 2005

In this paper, we analyze a queueing system with overload control by arrival rates. This paper is motivated by overload control to prevent congestion in telecommunication networks. The arrivals occur dependent upon queue length. In other words, if the queue length increases, the arrivals may be reduced. By considering the burstiness of traffics in telecommunication networks, we assume the arrival to be a Markov-modulated Poisson process. The analysis by the embedded Markov chain method gives to us the performance measures such as loss and delay. The effect of performance measures on system parameters also is given throughout the numerical examples.

• 한국정보과학회논문지:컴퓨팅의 실제 및 레터
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.452-456
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• 2010

무선 센서 네트워크에서는 다수의 노드에서 소수의 싱크로 수렴하는 트래픽의 특성으로 인해 네트워크의 혼잡이 빈번히 발생한다. 기존의 혼잡 제어 기법은 혼잡 발생 시 트래픽 제어를 통해 혼잡을 회피할 수 있으나 트래픽의 제어는 응용에서 요구하는 피델리티를 위반한다는 단점을 갖는다. 본 논문에서는 리소스의 제어를 통하여 혼잡을 회피하는 멀티패스 기반의 혼잡 제어 기법을 제안한다. 멀티패스 기반 혼잡제어 기법은 혼잡 발생 시 다수의 대체 경로를 통하여 트래픽을 분산시켜 전송하므로 혼잡 회피가 가능하고 네트워크 리소스의 활용도 또한 증대한다. 실험을 통해 멀티패스 기반 혼잡 제어 기법이 응용의 피델리티를 만족시키며 효과적으로 혼잡을 제어할 수 있음을 확인하였다.

• 로봇학회논문지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.97-107
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• 2011

This paper describes efficient flight control algorithms for building a reconfigurable ad-hoc wireless sensor networks between nodes on the ground and airborne nodes mounted on autonomous vehicles to increase the operational range of an aerial robot or the communication connectivity. Two autonomous flight control algorithms based on adaptive gradient climbing approach are developed to steer the aerial vehicles to reach optimal locations for the maximum communication throughputs in the airborne sensor networks. The first autonomous vehicle control algorithm is presented for seeking the source of a scalar signal by directly using the extremum-seeking based forward surge control approach with no position information of the aerial vehicle. The second flight control algorithm is developed with the angular rate command by integrating an adaptive gradient climbing technique which uses an on-line gradient estimator to identify the derivative of a performance cost function. They incorporate the network performance into the feedback path to mitigate interference and noise. A communication propagation model is used to predict the link quality of the communication connectivity between distributed nodes. Simulation study is conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed reconfigurable airborne wireless networking control algorithms.