• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.38-47
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• 2003

Distributed problem solving is the cooperative solution of problem by a decentralized and loosely couped collection of knowledge-sources (KS's), located in a number of distinct processor nodes. The contract net protocol has been developed to specify problem-solving communication and control for nodes in a distributed problem solver. Task distribution is affected by a negotiation process, a discussion carried on between nodes with tasks to be executed and nodes that may be able to execute tasks In this paper, we present the coordination method among distributed intrusion detection system and firewall by the contract net protocol. The method enhances the intrusion detection performance and provides the communication methods. To mode IDS and firewall, security models hue been hierarchically constructed based on the DEVS (Discrete Event system Specification) formalism. Each ID agent cooperates through the contract net protocol for detecting intrusions. The IDS which detects the intrusion informs to firewall, so the harmful network traffic is blocked. If an agent detects infusions, the agent transfers attacker's information to a firewall. Using this mechanism attacker's packets detected by In can be prevented from damaging the network.

• Journal of the Korea Computer Industry Society
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.235-242
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• 2004

As e-business being rapidly developed the importance of security is on the rise in network. Intrusion detection systems which are a core security system detect the network intrusion trial. As intrusions become more sophisticated, it is beyond the scope of any one IDS to deal with them. Thus we placed multiple IDS agents in the network and the information helpful for detecting the intrusions is shared among these agents to cope effectively with attackers. Each agent cooperates through the BBA (Black Board Architecture) and CNP (Contract Net Protocol) for detecting intrusions. In this paper, we propose the effective method comparing the blackboard architecture to contract net protocol.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers D
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• v.54 no.10
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• pp.620-629
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• 2005

In this paper, a new protocol-based approach was proposed for development of a ubiquitous vision system. It is possible to apply the approach by regarding the ubiquitous vision system as a multiagent system. Thus, each vision sensor can be regarded as an agent (vision agent). Each vision agent independently performs exact segmentation for a target by color and motion information, visual tracking for multiple targets in real-time, and location estimation by a simple perspective transform. Matching problem for the identity of a target during handover between vision agents is solved by the Identified Contract Net (ICN) protocol implemented for the protocol-based approach. The protocol-based approach by the ICN protocol is independent of the number of vision agents and moreover the approach doesn't need calibration and overlapped region between vision agents. Therefore, the ICN protocol raises speed, scalability, and modularity of the system. The protocol-based approach was successfully applied for our ubiquitous vision system and operated well through several experiments.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.139-146
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• 2011

This paper presents a new modified Contract Net Protocol (CNP) for microgrid operation based on multiagent system. The CNP is a widely used protocol for interactions among distributed problem solving. The Contract Net Interaction Protocol of the Foundation for Intelligent Physical Agents (FIPA-CNIP) is a minor modification of the original CNP for multiagent system applications. In this paper, a modified CNP (MCNP) based on the FIPA-CNIP is proposed for more specialized interactions among agents for microgrid operation. A multiagent system is designed and constructed for microgrid operation. A microgrid operation based on the multiagent system is tested to check the functionality of the proposed MCNP.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2000.11a
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• pp.348-352
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• 2000

Intelligent agents represent parts and manufacturing resources, which cooperate, negotiate, and compete with each other. The negotiation between agents is in general based on the Contract-Net-Protocol. This paper describes a new approach to negotiation-based job shop scheduling. The proposed method includes multi-negotiation strategy as well as single-negotiation. A case study showing the comparison of various negotiation strategies is also given.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.41-49
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• 2009

In ubiquitous sensor networks, sensor nodes can be compromised by an adversary since they are deployed in hostile environments. False sensing reports can be injected into the network through these compromised nodes, which may cause not only false alarms but also the depletion of limited energy resource in the network. In the security solutions for the filtering of false reports, the choice of a security threshold value which determines the security level is important. In the existing adaptive solutions, a newly determined threshold value is broadcasted to the whole nodes, so that extra energy resource may be consumed unnecessarily. In this paper, we propose an application of the recursive contract net protocol to determine the threshold value which can provide both energy efficiency and sufficient security level. To manage the network more efficiently, the network is hierarchically grouped, and the contract net protocol is applied to each group. Through the protocol, the threshold value determined by the base station using a fuzzy logic is applied only where the security attack occurs on.

• Journal of Korea Society of Digital Industry and Information Management
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.41-49
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• 2008

Sensor networks are often deployed in unattended environments, thus leaving these networks vulnerable to false data injection attacks in which an adversary injects forged reports into the network through compromised nodes. Such attacks by compromised sensors can cause not only false alarms but also the depletion of the finite amount of energy in a battery powered network. In order to reduce damage from these attacks, several security solutions have been proposed. Researchers have also proposed some techniques to increase the energy-efficiency of such security solutions. In this paper, we propose a CH(Cluster Header) selection algorithm to choose low power delivery method in sensor networks. The CNP(Contract Net Protocol), which is an approach to solve distribution problems, is applied to choose CHs for event sensing. As a result of employing CNP, the proposed method can prevent dropping of sensing reports with an insufficient number of message authentication codes during the forwarding process, and is efficient in terms of energy saving.

• Journal of the Korea Computer Industry Society
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.251-260
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• 2004

As the importance and the need for network security is increased, many organization uses the various security systems. They enable to construct the consistent integrated security environment by sharing the vulnerable information among firewall, intrusion detection system, and vulnerable scanner. We construct the integrated security simulation environment that can be used by some security system model. In this paper, we have designed and constructed the general simulation environment of network security model composed of multiple IDSs agent and a firewall agent which coordinate by CNP (Contract Net Protocol). The CNP, the methodology for efficient integration of computer systems on heterogeneous environment such as distributed systems, is essentially a collection of agents, which cooperate to resolve a problem. We compare the selection algorithm in the CPN with the Fuzzy Controller for the effective method to select the agents.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.246-254
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• 2010

This paper presents a multiagent system for microgrid operation in the grid-interconnected mode. An energy market environment with generation competition is adopted for microgrid operation in order to guarantee autonomous participation and meet the requirements of participants in the microgrid. The modified Contract Net Protocol (CNP) is used as a protocol for interactions among agents. The multiagent system for microgrid operation based on the modified CNP and the energy market environment is designed and implemented. To verify the feasibility of the suggested multiagent system, experiments on three operation conditions are carried out.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society for Simulation Conference
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• 2002.11a
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• pp.23-28
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• 2002

최근에 분산 시스템과 같이 이기종의 컴퓨팅 환경을 효율적으로 통합하는 방법에 관한 다양한 연구가 진행되고 있다. 네트워크 보안에서는 각 보안 시스템들이 효율적인 침입탐지와 차단을 위해서 분산화되고 있으며 분산된 보안 시스템들을 조정하고 통합하기 위해서 분산인공지능(Distributed Artificial Intelligence)의 개념을 도입하고 있다. 본 논문에서는 분산침입탐지 시스템(Distributed Intrusion Detection System)과 침입차단 시스템(firewall)이 계약망 프로토콜(Contract Net Protocol)에 의해 상호 연동하여 외부 네트워크에서 유입된 패킷의 정보를 통해 침입을 탐지하고 차단하는 네트워크 보안 모델을 설계하였다. 본 연구진이 구성하고 있는 시뮬레이션 환경에서는 네트워크에 존재하는 다양한 보안 모델들을 계층적으로 구성하기 위해 DEVS 방법론을 사용하였다. 보안 시스템의 연동은 계약망 프로토콜에 의해 이루어지는데 네트워크에 분산되어 있는 각각의 전문성을 가진 침입탐지 에이전트들이 중앙 콘솔에 비드(bid)글 제출하고 중앙 콘솔은 최상의 비드를 제출한 에이전트를 선택하여 침입을 탐지하게 된다. 그리고 탐지된 정보를 참조하여 침입차단 시스템은 능동적으로 침입을 차단하게 된다. 이와 같은 모델의 설계를 통해서 기존의 침입탐지 시스템들이 탐지하지 못한 침임을 탐지하게 되고 보안시스템에서의 오류발생빈도를 감소시키며 탐지의 속도를 향상시킬 수 있다.