• Clinical Pain
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.16-23
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• 2019

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of dynamic balance exercise after intra-articular injection of hyaluronic acid (HA) therapy in elderly patients with unilateral knee osteoarthritis. Method: 30 patients with unilateral knee osteoarthritis were enrolled in this study. The patients were randomly divided into two groups: dynamic balance exercise after HA injection group (group A) and only HA injection group (group B). Both groups administered intra-articular HA injection and group A patients continued 20-session exercises for 4 weeks. The assessments were measured before injection and 4 weeks after treatment using the visual analog scale (VAS) for pain, the Western Ontario and McMaster University Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) for physical function, Berg balance scale (BBS), and computerized dynamic posturography using SMART Balance Master system for balance function. Results: In both groups, significant improvements in VAS, WOMAC and balance function were observed. Compared between groups, group A showed significant improvements compared to group B in WOMAC and balance function. Conclusion: It is suggested that dynamic balance exercise may result in improved balance function and physical function in elderly patients with unilateral knee osteoarthritis.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.75-88
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of anterior, posterior, and lateral pelvic tilt exercise upon the gait characteristics of patients with hemiplegia including their gait velocity, cadence, stride length, step length of the non affected side, step length of the affected side, foot angle of the non affected side, foot angle of the affected side, base of support, and so on. The subject of this study was 24 men and women patients with hemiplegia. The patients, the subject of this study, were classified into 12 patients of treatment group applying pelvic tilt exercise using visual feedback and 12 patients of control group applying general pelvic tilt exercise, and then analyzed their gait before and after exercise. Temporal distance gait analysis (Boening, 1977) was used to analyze their gait, and ink foot-print was applied as on of measurement methods. To find out meaningful difference between control group and treatment group, this study carried out independent sample t-test for each item by utilizing SPSS/Win 10.0, compared changes in control group's and treatment group's gait characteristics before and after exercise as percentage, and applied paired t-test to conduct before-after test in same group. Statistical significance level was ${\alpha}$ < 0.05. The results of this study were as follows. As a result of independent sample t-test for control group's and treatment group's gait characteristics after exercise, it was not statistically significant so there was no meaningful difference between two groups. However, it was statistically significant in the change rate(%) of gait characteristics, and treatment group's patients with hemiplegia had been highly changed in gait characteristics in comparison with control group. From the above-mentioned results, could find that pelvic tilt exercise using visual feedback for patients with hemiplegia was effective to improve their gait ability and it could increase the ability in comparison with general pelvic tilt exercise. In the future, studies on the effect of pelvic tilt exercise using visual feedback shall be continued based on more quantitative methods.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• 제34권5호
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• pp.638-643
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• 2005

This study was peformed to investigate the effect of dietary iron and exercise on heme biosynthesis and lipid metabolism of rats. Rats were divided into 4 groups according to dietary iron supplement (Fe-,5 ppm vs. Fe+, 50 ppm) and exercise status (control us exercise). The experiment continued for 8 weeks. Regular treadmill exercise ($6^{\circ}$, 28 m/min, 30 min duration, 5 days/week) was given to exercise groups. The aminolevulinate dehydrase activity of red blood cell, the marker of heme biosynthesis, was significantly increased in the exercise group. Regular aerobic exercise reduced body weight and epidydimal fat pad gain. Regular exercise also significantly decreased the plasma triglyceride, cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol of the rats. Meanwhile, the iron deficiency decreased the hematocrit and hemoglobin concentration and increased the accumulation of liver cholesterol.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.154-165
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• 2002

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to find out long-term effects of the self-help program including the stretching exercise of patient with fibromyalgia, Our findings will have the way for the nursing intervention for reduction of fibromyalgia symptoms and physical disability. Method: The research design was pre-post test design of an experimental group. 41 subjects with fibromyalgia were subjected to our study. Participants of this program were participated with a group of 8 to 12 members with duration of two and half hours for two years(March. 1998 to January. 2000). The Self-efficacy was measured by the Self-efficacy scale. Symptom was converted to scores based on visual analog scale. Physical disability was measured with questionnaires prepared by researchers of this study. Data were collected by the structured interview using questionnaires after self-help program and after 8 months. Data were analyzed by frequency, $x^2$-test and repeated t-test using SPSS 11.0 for windows. Result: Daily activities were not changed but self-described symptom was changed after 8 months. After 8 months, exercise performance along with taking drugs showed significantly lowering trend with respect to self-help program. Relieved symptom of patient with fibromyalgia has continued until 8months after 6weeks program of self-help. Also Promoted self-efficacy of patient with fibromyalgia continued after 8months. After 8 months, in self-described physical disability has showed significantly worse off than after self-help program. Conclusion: In this study, the long-term effects after self-help program for fibromyalgia have showed all symptoms and self-efficacy except exercise performance and physical disability. Therefore, it will be desirable that application of the follow up program with peer group meeting.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.409-421
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of shoulder rehabilitation exercise convergence program. This study used a nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design. A sample of 58 patients undergoing shoulder surgery, was included. The experimental group was given shoulder rehabilitation exercise convergence program including audiovisual education, shoulder rehabilitation exercise and exercise monitoring. The data were collected using a structured questionnaire and measured range of motion(ROM) of shoulder joint and were analyzed using descriptive statistics, ${\chi}^2-test$, t-test and ANCOVA. The experimental group reported significantly lower shoulder pain than control group(p<.001). Shoulder joint ROM and exercise self-efficacy were significantly higher in the experimental group than in the control group(p=.038; p<.001). This findings indicate that shoulder rehabilitation exercise convergence program can be an effective intervention for shoulder surgery patients. Continued development of convergence interventions for patients undergoing various conditions in practice, is suggested.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.103-117
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• 1997

This study was designed to investigate the effects of behavior medication and aerobic exercise on the degree of obesity, eating behavior, depression and self esteem among adolescent girls who were overweight and obese. Forty seven subjects were selected from one girl's middle school located in Seoul. Seventeen girls received the behavior modification program by joining 60-90 minute group session weekly. Behavior modification, in this study, consisted of self-monitoring, changing patterns of life style and attitudes, teaching nutrition and physical activities, and asking personal help. The aerobic exercise program was given to 16 girls 3 times per week with 60 minutes each time. Forteen girls received both behavior modification and aerobic exercise. These interventions continued for 8 weeks. Changes after intervention were examined twice after 4 weeks and 8 weeks for degree of obesity and once after 8 weeks only for eating behavior, depression and self esteem. The results were as follows ; 1. Degree of obesity was significantly decreased after 4 weeks and 8 weeks in 3 groups. Degree of obesity after 4 weeks and 8 weeks were not significantly different among 3 groups. 2. The mean score of eating behavior related to obesity decresed significantly after intervention in the behavior modification group only. There was significant difference in eating behavior among 3 groups after intervention. 3. The behavior modification group showed no significant changes in depression and self esteem after intervention. In the aerobic exercise group and group who participated in both behavior modification and aerobic exercise, the level of depression decreased significantly and the level of self esteem increased significantly. There were no significant differences in the level of depression and self esteem among 3 groups after intervention. These findings indicate that behavior modification might be effective in decreasing degree of obesity and eating behavior related to obesity, aerobic exercise be effective in decreasing degree of obesity and the level of depression, and also in increasing the level of self esteem.

• Korean Journal of Exercise Nutrition
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.173-182
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• 2011

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a stress-related mental disorder induced by severe external stressors such as assault, disaster or severe accident. We investigated the effects of treadmill exercise on short-term memory in relation to apoptosis and cell proliferation in the hippocampus following PTSD. Stress to the pregnant rats was induced by exposure of maternal rats to the hunting dog in an enclosed room. Exposure time was 10 min, repeated three times per day, with 1 hour interval. Exposure of maternal rats to the hunting dog was continued 7 days after pregnancy until delivery. The pregnant rats in the exercise groups were forced to run on a treadmill for 30 min once a day for the same duration of stress exposure. Step-down avoidance task for short-term memory, western blot for Bcl-2, Bax, and immunohistochemistry for caspase-3, 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU), and Ki-67 were conducted. Maternal rats exposed to stress during pregnancy showed short-term memory impairment. Expressions of Bax, Bcl-2, ratio of Bax to Bcl-2, and caspase-3 in the hippocampus were increased in the PTSD rats. Cell proliferation in the hippocampal dentate gyrus was decreased in the PTSD rats. Treadmill exercise alleviated short-term memory impairment and suppressed expressions of Bax, the ratio of Bax to Bcl-2, and caspase-3. Treadmill exercise also increased cell proliferation. The present results indicate that treadmill exercise alleviated PTSD-induced short-term memory impairment by suppressing apoptotic cell death and enhancing cell proliferation in the hippocampus.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.234-239
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• 2015

Purpose: This study is not a fragmentary study on characteristics of respiratory synergist when breathing, however it was intended to determine the effect of currently available respiratory exercise and to provide basic clinical information through investigation of oxygen demand and respiratory synergist that mobilizes for respiration during application of respiratory exercise. Methods: Experimental group I was selected from second grade of severity classification of GOLD, which has the highest percentage among patients with COPD, and experimental group II was selected from third grade of severity classification as a clinical sampling. After respiration pursing up lips and diaphragm respiration exercise were mediated together for six weeks, activity of respiratory muscles and oxygen saturation were measured and analyzed. Results: In comparison of change of respiratory synergist and oxygen saturation, activity of respiratory synergist in sternocleidomastoid muscle and scalene muscle showed a meaningful decrease in experimental group I. And, in comparison of change of respiratory synergist and oxygen saturation, activity of respiratory synergist in rectus abdominis muscle showed a meaningful increase in experimental group II. In comparison of change of respiratory synergist and oxygen saturation, activity of respiratory synergist in sternocleidomastoid muscle, scalene muscle, and rectus abdominis muscle showed a meaningful difference between experimental groups. Conclusion: Respiratory synergists work mainly as agonist of chest and upper limbs. Therefore it is very important to lower mobilization of respiratory synergist when breathing. It is considered that a multilateral approach and continued clinical research for improvement of respiratory function for patients with COPD will be needed in the future.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• 제13권8호
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• pp.345-356
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• 2019

This study investigated the influence of media sports contact motivation on direct sports participation in order to induce direct sports participation through media sports. In this regard, this study aimed to provide the basic data of media sports and sports participation by studying the effects of consumer's exercise commitment and exercise duration. From April 1, 2019 to April 31, 2019, a survey was conducted on 300 males and females in G and J provinces. To determine the purpose of the study, IBM's SPSS Ver. 21.0 and AMOS Ver. The analysis was performed using a statistical program of 21.0. The results of the study are as follows. First, media sport contact motivation was found to have an effect on exercise commitment. In addition, media sports contact motivation was found to have an effect on exercise persistence and sports participation. In addition, exercise commitment was found to have an effect on exercise duration, and exercise duration was found to affect sports participation. Second, in terms of media sports contact motivation and sports participation, exercise persistence had a mediating effect. In addition, it was found that exercise commitment had a mediating effect on the relationship between media sports contact motivation and exercise persistence, and exercise persistence had a mediating effect on the relationship between exercise commitment and sports participation. Third, media sports contact motivation did not have a direct effect on sports participation. Also, exercise immersion has no mediating effect in the relationship between media sports contact motivation and sports participation. However, in terms of media sports contact motivation and sports participation, exercise commitment and exercise persistence showed a double mediating effect.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2017

Purpose: This study aimed to demonstrate reduction in stroke symptoms by analyzing the changes in respiratory function and activities of daily living (ADL) after respiratory muscle strengthening exercise in patients who had a stroke and thereby, propose an efficient exercise method. Methods: Twenty patients with hemiplegic stroke were divided into two groups, with 10 patients in each. The control group (CG) received the traditional exercise therapy, and the experimental group (EG) received the traditional exercise therapy combined with expiratory muscle strengthening training. The training continued for 6 weeks, 5 days a week. Forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume at 1 second (FEV1) were measured with a spirometer, $SpO_2$ was measured with a pulse oximeter, and ADL were assessed by using the modified Barthel index (MBI). A paired t test was applied to compare the differences before and after the intervention, and an independent t test was used to compare the differences between the groups. The level of statistical significance was set as ${\alpha}=0.05$. Results: The changes in the FVC and FEV1 values within the group showed significant differences only in the EG (p<0.01). The between-group difference was statistically significant only for FVC and FEV1 in the EG (p<0.01). The changes in $SpO_2$ and MBI within the group showed significant differences only in the EG and CG (p<0.01). Between-group differences were statistically significant only for $SpO_2$ and MBI in the EG (p<0.05). Conclusion: The interventions with active patient involvement and combined breathing exercises had a positive impact on all the functions investigated in this study.