• 제목/요약/키워드: Contained trace

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Biochemical and Trace Mineral Analysis of Silajit Samples From Pakistan

  • Shafiq Muhammad Imtiaz;Nagra Saeed Ahmad;Batool Nayab
    • Nutritional Sciences
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    • 제9권3호
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    • pp.190-194
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    • 2006
  • Silajit is a blackish brown pitch-like gummy substance. It is an important Unani and Ayurvedic medicine widely used in the treatment of many diseases and as nutritional supplement It is found in certain mountainous regions of Pakistan, Afghanistan, India, Nepal, Australia and Russia. Silajit samples of Pakistani origin were obtained from different sources and analyzed for their physical characteristics and biochemical & elemental composition. X-ray diffraction studies on Silajit showed that it is an amorphous substance and has no crystalline structure. Also, pH studies of Silajit (2 g/L of water) indicated that it was slightly acidic in nature and ranged from 3.45 to 7.23. Conductivity ranged from 157.7 to 330. Amino acid analysis revealed that Silajit contained lysine and alanine in higher amounts than all other amino acids and ranged from 1456 to 2240 and 68 to $1615{\eta}mole/g$, respectively. Mean concentration of arsenic, mercury, cadmium, lead, copper and zinc was 73.15, 104.92, 0.496, 3.89, 4.04 and 17.23 ppm, respectively. Silajit samples were also analyzed for calcium, potassium and sodium.

The effect of boiled feed on trace elements of longissimus dorsi muscle in Hanwoo steers

  • Kim, Jaeyoung;Jung, Meyungok;Jin, Sangkeun;Seo, Hyunseok;Ha, Jungheun;Choi, Jungseok
    • Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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    • 제63권1호
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    • pp.160-169
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    • 2021
  • Boiled feed is obtained by mixing and boiling agricultural by-products such as rice straw, rice bran, and bean curd with grains. The study explored the change in fatty acid, free amino acid, nucleotide, mineral, cholesterol, myoglobin and collagen of longissimus dorsi muscle in Hanwoo steers fed with boiled feed. Forty steers, 20 heads per group, were divided into two groups: a control group and a boiled feed group. The steers were raised for 10 months. The boiled feed group was enriched with palmitoleic acid, oleic acid, arachidonic acid and unsaturated fatty acids compared with the control group. There were no significant differences in amino acid and nucleic acid composition between the two groups. The boiled feed group contained higher levels of iron and manganese in the boiled feed group compared with the control group. The total cholesterol level was significantly increased, whereas calorie levels, myoglobin and collagen composition showed no differences. As the supply of boiled feed increases the content of fatty acids, unsaturated fatty acids and minerals related to flavor, it should be a feed that leads to the production of high-quality beef.

MINERAL STATUS OF GRAZING SHEEP IN THE DRY AREA OF MIDLAND CHINA

  • Fujihara, T.;Hosoda, C.;Matsui, T.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • 제8권2호
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    • pp.179-186
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    • 1995
  • In the present study, nutritional status of some minerals in sheep grazed on native pasture was investigated in dry area, Ningxia district, of the People's Republic of China. Samples of some forages and blood of sheep were collected for two seasons, dry (March) and rainy (August) seasons. The Ca contents of forages (wheat straw, green-pea straw and some wild grasses) were relatively high as compared with that required ordinarily as standard, but on the contrary, the P content was much lower than that of standard. Consequently, Ca/P ratio was very high in cost of the roughages sampled in the region. Trace elements, Cu and Zn, content of forage samples were fairly low, and the contents of Mo and Fe were fairly high, particularly in some wild grasses, when the values were compared with that required normally. The Ca level in blood of sheep was in a range accepted as normal, and the other macro minerals(Mg and P) were contained at relatively high levels as compared with the values observed ordinarily, but not at a toxic level. With trace minerals, the plasma Fe level was extremely high as compared with the standard level, although there were no disorders due to toxicity, and Mo level in plasma was a little lower than the lower limit described as a normal. The plasma levels of other trace elements (Cu, Zn and Se) in all the animals were within the range accepted as normal. There would be no clear differences in mineral nutrition of sheep between dry and rainy seasons. These results could suggest that there is no severe unbalance and/or imbalance, and grazing sheep in the Ningxia area of midland China have no problems relating to the nutritional status of minerals.

2007년 봄철 대전지역에서 발생한 황사 및 대기부유물의 지구화학적 특성 및 중 금속의 오염도 (Geochemical Characteristics and Pollution Level of Heavy Metals of Asian Dust in Daejeon Area, 2007 (spring season))

  • 이평구;염승준;배법근
    • 자원환경지질
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    • 제45권3호
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    • pp.217-235
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    • 2012
  • 본 연구에서는 2007년도 봄철 대전 지역에서 발생한 황사(황사 기간) 및 대기부유물(비황사 기간)의 미량원소의 지구화학적 특성과 정량적 오염정도를 평가하였다. 황사 내 미량원소의 함량은 황사발원지 토양의 평균 함량에 비하여 수십에서 수백 배 높은 함량을 보여주고 있으며, 비황사 시기의 대기부유물에서도 유사한 특성을 보이고 있어, 황사 시기뿐만 아니라 비황사 시기에도 중국으로부터 이동되는 오염물질의 영향을 받고 있음을 지시하고 있다. 입도별 미량원소의 함량은 $PM_{2.5}$에서 Cr, Cu, Pb, Zn, V, S, As, Cd, Co, Ni, Mo, Sb, Cs, Rb, Th, Sc, Y 등이, 그리고 TSP에서는 Zr, Sr, Ba, Li, Th, U 등의 함량이 가장 높은 것으로 나타났다. 황사의 S, Cd, Mo, Zn, Pb, Sb, Cu 및 Zr 함량은대기부유물과 큰 차이를 보이지 않으나, 대기오염으로 부화가 발생하지 않는 Li, Cs, Co, U, Cr, Ni, Rb, V, Th, Y, Sr, Sc 등은 황사에서 2-4.2배 높아졌다. 그러므로 이들 원소들을 황사발생의 지시원소로 사용할 수 있으며, 특히 Sr, V, Cr 및 Li 등은 황사 발생을 판단하기 위한 지시원소로 사용하기에 적합한 것으로 보인다. 한편 황사의 이동경로에 따른 미량원소의 함량을 살펴본 결과, 중국의 대도시 및 산업단지를 경유하여 국내 유입된 황사가, 북한을 경유하여 국내에 도달한 황사에 비해서, S, Cd, Zn, Pb, Cu, Mo 및 As 함량이 높게 나타나, 황사의 이동경로가 이들 미량원소 오염 여부 및 오염도를 결정하는데 중요한 역할을 하는 것으로 판단된다. 황사 및 대기부유물 내 미량원소의 부화지수(Enrichment factor)을 기준으로 오염정도를 분류한 결과, 환경재해 측면에서 가장 문제가 되는 미량원소는 S, Zn, Cu, Pb, As, Mo, Cd이며, 이들은 인간의 건강 뿐만 아니라, 오랜 기간 토양과 수계환경에 퇴적될 경우 환경오염으로 인한 주변 생태계에 해로운 영향을 미치게 될 것으로 판단된다.

Occurrence of Toxic Alexandrium and Intoxification of Two Mollusk Species by Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning Toxins on the Southeastern Coast of Korea

  • Kim Young-Soo;Lee Jong-Soo;Jang Joon-Ho;Kim Keun-Yong;Kim Chang-Hoon
    • Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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    • 제8권2호
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    • pp.76-82
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    • 2005
  • We analyzed the paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) toxins of the toxic marine dinoflagellate Alexandrium tamarense collected from Dadaepo and Gaduck-do in Busan and from Sujeong-ri in Jinhae Bay, Korea, in April 2003. We also analyzed the PSP toxin of mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) and oysters (Crassostrea gigas) collected around Busan and Jinhae Bay. PSP toxin analyses were conducted by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Fifteen cultured A. tamarense isolates contained 2.78 to 57.47 fmol/cell, with nearly identical toxin profiles: major components C2, GTX4; minor components C1, GTX1, NEO; and trace components GTX2, GTX3, STX. PSP toxin contents were 0 to $492\;\mu{g}$ STXeq/100 g in mussels and 0 to $48\;\mu{g}$ STXeq/100 g in oysters. Mussels at Gijang and Sujeong-ri contained the most PSP toxin contents ($492\;\mu{g}\;STXeq/100\;g\;and\;252\;\mu{g}\;STXeq/100\;g,\;respectively$), exceeding the quarantine level ($80\;\mu{g}$ STXeq/100 g). Their dominant toxin components were C2, C1, GTX2, and GTX3; the minor components GTX1, GTX4, GTX5, and NEO were sporadically detected. Phytoplankton contained 0.774 fmol/L seawater and 1.228 fmol/L seawater at Gijang and Sujeong-ri in April. At that time, Alexandrium cells were present in the water column at Gijang at 2,577 cells/mL and at Sujeong-ri at 6,750 cells/mL. Overall, we found the high and similar PSP toxin contents in AZexandrium isolates and mussels, and a correlation between occurrence of toxic Alexandrium cells in the water column and mussel intoxification. High densities of toxic Alexandrium cells in the water column immediately preceded shellfish intoxification at Gijang and Sujeong-ri in April.

한국산 야생(野生) 식용버섯의 무기성분에 관한 연구 - 뽕나무버섯, 뽕나무버섯부치, 벚꽃버섯, 민자주방망이버섯, 자주방망이버섯아재비, 붉은산무명버섯의 미량금속원소 - (Studies on Inorganic Components of Korean Wild Edible Mushrooms - Trace Mineral Elements of Armillariella Mella, Hygrophorous russula, Armillariella tabescens, Lepista nuda and lepista sordida, Hygrocybe conica. -)

  • 박완희
    • 한국균학회지
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    • 제21권4호
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    • pp.273-278
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    • 1993
  • 한국에서 야생(野生)하는 6종 식용(食用)버석에 함유된 미량 금속원소의 함량순서는 다음과 같다. 뽕나무버섯은 K가 778.2 ppm으로 가장 많았고 그 다음이 Fe, Na, Zn, Mn, Cu 순이고 Ca은 검출되지 않았으며 뽕나무버섯부치는 K가 (972.9 ppm), Zn, Mn, Fe, Na, CU, Ca 순으로 K함량이 가장 많았다. 자주방망이버섯은 K(699.8 ppin), Zn, Fe, Na, Cu, Mn 순으로 K가 가장 많이 함유되어 있었고 Ca은 검출되지 않았으며 자주방망이버섯아재비는 K(945.2 ppm), Zn, Fe, Na, Cu, Mn, Ca 순으로 K이 가장많이 검출되었다. 벚꽃버섯은 K(878.6 ppm), Zn, Fe, Na, Cu, Ca, Mn 순으로 K가 최고치였고 붉은산무명버섯은 Zn(6637.3 ppm), Fe, K, Na, Ca 순으로 Zn이 특히 가장 많았고 Cu는 검출되지 않았다. 실험분석한 전(全)미량금속원소(Cd는 제외)가 가장 많이 함유된 버섯은 붉은산무명버섯이었고 그 다음이 자주방망이버섯아재비, 벚꽃버섯, 자주방망이버섯, 뽕나무버섯, 뽕나무버섯부치의 순이었다. 6종의 버섯중 가장 많이 함유된 미량금속원소는 Zn이었고 그 다음이 K, Fe, Na, Mn, Cu, Ca 순이었다. Cd는 채집장소인 서울산업대, 광릉, 동구릉, 설악산 순으로 설악산에서 채집한 벚꽃버섯, 붉은산무명버섯에 가장 적은 분석치(흔적량)을 얻었다.

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PHYSIOLOGY OF DIGESTION OF UREA-TREATED RICE STRAW IN SWAMP BUFFALO

  • Hart, F.J.;Wanapat, M.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • 제5권4호
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    • pp.617-622
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    • 1992
  • Four rumen-fistulated swamp buffaloes steers were used in a change-over experiment. This experiment was designed to provide a comparison of the effect of urea-ammonia treatment of rice straw with untreated rice straw. Nitrogen, mineral and trace elements were supplied at adequate levels to both diets in order to overcome deficiencies which may have otherwise confounded a direct comparison. There was a 46% increase in the intake of digestible organic matter (OM) with the urea-ammonia treated diet. This was contributed by a 17% increase in the digestibility of OM and a 25% increase in the voluntary intake of OM. Of the cell wall fraction, the digestibility of hemicellulose increased by the greatest amount (26%). There was an increased rate of passage of particulate matter out of the rumen for the treated straw, along with the increased rate of OM fermentation resulted in a 9% decrease in the amount of digesta dry matter (DM) contained in the rumen. The volatile fatty acid (VFA) pool in the rumen was 24% higher for the treated diet.

한국인(韓國人) 모발중(毛髮中) 미량중금속(微量重金屬) 함량(含量)에 관(關)한 연구(硏究) -일부(一部) 대도시(大都市)와 농촌(農村)을 중심(中心)으로- (Trace Metal Contents in Human Hair of Korean)

  • 송동빈
    • Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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    • 제12권1호
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    • pp.79-87
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    • 1979
  • Analyses for 6 metals (Cd, Zn, Cu, Ni, Pb, Mn) by Atomic absorption spectrophotometer were made on hair samples of healthy 135 in urban area and 130 in rural area who have not dealt with the above metals in their daily working life. Marksd variations were found. Samples of urban area contained more cadmium, copper, lead and manganese than those of rural area. No sexual difference in mean value could be observed and the amount of metals in hair did not increase with age. And no age dependency was found. There was a statistically significant correlation between the concentrations of cadmium and lead in both urban and rural people; Pb = 1.50 Cd + 6.69 (r = 0.213, p<0.05) in urban area Pb = 1.44 Cd + 3.67 (r = 0.327, p<0.001) in rural area

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원자흡광 분광광도계에 의한 사료중 중김속의 정량 (Determination of Trace Metals in Formula Feed by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry)

  • Park, Sung Woo;Lee, Wan Koo
    • 한국환경보건학회지
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    • 제11권2호
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    • pp.55-63
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    • 1985
  • The quantities of chrome, lead, iron, copper and manganese in the formula feed were determined by A.A.S. and the results were summarized as follows 1. The content of chromium in the leather and meat meals(SN-2) were 13-66 times as much as the level of permission. 2. In the meantime, lead content in the meat meal (SN-1) was about 20 times as much as permitted level. 3. The iron which is essential constituent of the formula feed was contained in the meat and leather meals and these values were 2-10 times as much as feeding regulations, on the contrary copper and manganese content in the shaving and flesh were below the feeding regulations.

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o-Sulfobenzoic Anhydride로 개시된 Propylene Sulfide의 양이온중합시 고분자양성이온의 생성 (Formaton of Macrozwitterions in the Cationic Polymerization of Propylene Sulfide Initiated with o-Sulfobenzoic Anhydride)

  • 한만정
    • 대한화학회지
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    • 제22권3호
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    • pp.173-183
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    • 1978
  • o-술포벤조산 무수물을 개시제로 사용하여 프로필렌술피드를 괴상 중합시킨 결과 양성이온 메카니즘에 의하여 중합한다는 것이 판명되었다. 생성된 폴리머를 분석한 결과 이 폴리머는 술포늄양이온과 술폰산음이온을 폴리머 사슬에 가지고 있다는 것이 판명되었다. 음이온과 양이온의 농도가 거의 같으며 이것은 고분자양성이온임을 나타낸다. 중합계중에 존재하는 수분이 조촉매로 이용되었을 가능성은 없으며 말단기 분석을 이용하여 중합메카니즘을 규명하였다.

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