• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.240-253
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• 2015

Objectives The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of GalGunSeungGi-Tang (GST) on allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) induced by 2,4-dintrochlorobenzone (DNCB) Methods In this study, The changes of body weight, ear weight, ear thickness, spleen weight, dorsum skin thickness, symptom score by eyesight, histological finding, proliferation rates of splenocyte in vitro and in vivo are investigated to check effects of GST. The mice are divided into four group; Normal (naive mice), Control (DW administered), GST-L (GST 500mg/Kg/day administered), GST-H (GST 1,000mg/Kg/day administered). Results GST inhibited weight of ear significantly (P < 0.05) and also thickness (P < 0.01). In addition, There are significant decrease in thickness of dorsum skin and proliferation rates of splenocyte in vivo in GST administered group. Finally, GST reduced symptom score and hyperkeratosis, hyperpigmentation, increase of granulocyte and parakeratosis in histological finding. Conclusions These results suggest that GST can decrease symptoms of ACD.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.302-311
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• 2021

This study uses traditional lacquer techniques to coat the metal surface and evaluates its physical properties to check the applicability of the lacquer coating. For this purpose, a total of six specimens were produced by setting the variation conditions for the number of times (1, 2, 3) and the heating temperature (120℃, 150℃) using SS275 metal(60*60 mm) and 'Wonju lacquer'. For analysis, chromaticity measurements, contact angle/surface energy measurements, Chemical Resistance, and cross-cut tests were used. The analysis showed that the corrosivity was improved and the adhesion of lacquer to the metal surface was excellent. There was no significant change in contact angle/surface energy. Also, there was no significant difference in color. Through this study, it was confirmed that lacquer on metal surfaces improves waterproofing and has a anticorrosion effect. We could also check the proper number of lacquer and heating temperature. Additional physical characteristics such as hardness and wear rate should be studied. It is also necessary to study how lacquer can be painted with a certain thickness.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.231-241
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to analyze the distribution of foot pressure generated by active materials of a functional insole. Comfort is an important consideration while selectingfootwear and insoles. Consequently, it has an influence on injury. The development of new materials for functional insoles is considered one of the more important points for their manufacture. The method adopted in this study is as follows. First, ten healthy males were selected as subjects for the study. Each subject's foof was pre-screened podoscope(Alfoots, Korea) to check for the presence of any foot abnormalities, Two kinds of equipment were used for the study: a foot pressure device from Pedar-X, Germany, and a treadmill from Pulsefitness, UK. Next, each subject was asked to test four types of insoles(insoles of outdoor shoes, indoor shoes, walking shoes, and sports shoes) via walking trials on the treadmill at a constant speed of 4.2 km/h. The pressure distribution data(contact area, maximum force, maximum peak pressure, and maximum mean pressure) was collected using the pressure device at a sampling rate of 100 Hz. Results of the tests showed that all four types of functional insoles increased contact areas whit the foot. Further, functional insoles of walking shoes and sport shoes decreased the foot pressure. From these results, we conclude that the active materials of functional insoles of shoes can increase the contact area and provide greater comfort.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.67 no.7
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• pp.976-980
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• 2018

The traction power system is configured to transmit electricity to the vehicles through mechanical contact between the OCL (Overhead Contact Line) and the pantograph. The system measures the current collection performance of the OCL, or the OCL installation condition is examined through maintenance for commercial operation. Maintenance continues to check the conditions through visual inspection by walking and inspection vehicles. The current collection performance is divided into the percentage of arcing(%), the contact force, and the uplift. The percentage of arcing is composed of a vision based system and used to verify the performance of a new OCL. However, it is not always possible to measure the current collection performance during commercial operation, and maintenance based on human resources can not be replaced. This paper presents the minimum performance condition of video devices in the current collection system of commercial vehicles. In addition, a continuous arcing was measured, and current collection performance was examined on the traction power system at the 250 km/h. It was analyzed with a minimum duration of arc of 1 ms. The frame rate is then shown by comparing the number of frames in the image at the time intervals of the number of the arcing. It is expected that the result of this study can be used for examining the minimum performance of video devices depending on their purpose.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.194-203
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• 2002

This paper is the first step fur thermo-mechanical stress analyses of part with coated layer under contact load. A lot of coated material is applied in many structures to endure severe situation, like thermal stresses, high temperature gradients, irradiation, impacts by microscopic meteorites, and so on. In this part we are going to apply the FEM to analyze space parts with a coated layer subjected to a contact load thermo-mechanically. Coating layer is very thin in comparision with the structure, therefore it should take more times and behaviors to analyze whole model. In these reason we develop the FEM method of analyzing part with coated layer under contact load using partial model. Steady state temperature distribution of the part is obtained first, and then we apply quasi-static external load on the part. To obtain the final stage of solution, we compute the total solution, and by subtracting the thermal strain from the total ones we get the mechanical strains to compute stresses of the parts. In using the FEM, one has to discretize the model into many sub-domain, finite elements. The method is consisited of two steps. First step is to analyze the whole model with rather coarse meshes. Second step we cut a small region near the loading point, and analyze with very fine meshes. This method is allowable by the Saint-Venant's principle. And then, we finally shall check the therma1 load on the stresses of the space part with coating layer with or without substrate cracks. Then, we predict the actual behaviors of the part used in space.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.27-33
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• 2017

This study is intended to identify issues on the basis of investigating the actual state of laboratory environment and outlet circuit, and derive end states by expressing sequences from the initiating event of disaster to accident in leakage current, poor contact and overload through ETA(event tree analysis). To this end, this study investigated the actual state of electric equipment of laboratory at universities in all parts of country. And it is shown that most of them are failure in electric work and user negligence in the investigation of actual state. It is found that there is earth fault and defect in wire diameter in the failure of electric work and the problem of partial disconnection due to wire bundling and poor contact in user negligence. Outlet-related component, failure rate and initiating events are composed of a total of 41 initiating events, i.e., 30 internal initiating events and 11 external initiating events. And end states are composed of a total of 15 parts, i.e., 3 electric power parts and 12 safety parts. Earthing class 3 is the most important safety device against leakage current (initiating event). And in case of poor contact, it is necessary for manager to check thoroughly because there is no safety device. In case of overload/overcurrent, when high-capacity equipment is connected, a molded case circuit breaker, safety device, worked. However, in most cases, it is verified that this doesn't work. This study can be utilized as electric equipment safety guide for laboratory safety manager and managers.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.18-26
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to explore the late schooler's health concept and health behavior. The research was a descriptive method using a self-report questionaire which include semi open-ended questions. the subjects were 458 late schooler's from 4 to 6 grade. The results were as follows : 1. Perceived health concepts were ‘having no illness’ ‘having normal physical feature and strength’ ‘eating food well’ ‘take exercise’ ‘having a bright mind’ ‘having good interpersonal relationships’‘having strong will’ ‘recovering well’. 2. Perceived health behaviors to maintain health were ‘taking proper exercise’ ‘eating proper food’ ‘maintaining cleanliness’ ‘taking sufficient rest and sleep’ ‘having a vigor life and positive thought’ ‘having good interterpersonal relationships’ ‘receiving health check and immunization’. 3. Health behaviors carried out at present were ‘taking proper exercise’ ‘eating proper food’ ‘having a vigor life and positive thought’ ‘receiving health check an immunization’ ‘taking supplementary drugs’ ‘having a regular life’ ‘maintaining cleanliness’ ‘maintaining warmth’. 4. Perceived causes of illness were ‘taking inproper food’ ‘uncleanliness’ ‘insufficient warmth or environment’ ‘lack of exercise or overexertion’ ‘irregular life habits’ ‘contact with germs’ ‘mental stress’. 5. Perceived treatments of illness were ‘having sufficient rest and sleep’ ‘mental relaxation’ ‘eating food’ ‘ maintinging cleanliness’ ‘ maintaining warmth’ ‘taking supplementary drug’ ‘receiving medical treatment’.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.70-76
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• 2019

Ultra Wideband (UWB) Radar is a high-resolution radar for short distance detection which uses signals transmitted and received by each antennas in order to detect a target. It is possible to detect the respiration and heartbeat of a person without contact It is getting more and more often utilized since it is not affected by physical environment. In this paper, we implement an algorithm to detect human respiration and heartbeat rate using UWB radar signal. We process radar signals reflected from human body using Median filter, Kalman filter, Band Pass filter and so on. We also use CZT to extract breathing and heart rate. ECG (Electrocardiogram) was used for comparison of heartbeat data and we confirm that each data of ECG and UWB Radar were more than 98% identical each other.

• Korea Journal of Hospital Management
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.105-120
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• 2002

In the United States, the prospective payment system(PPS), under which diagnosis related groups (DRGs) are used to reimburse hospitals for the care of Medicare patients since 1983, Study results showed that the PPS is having a major impact on the quantity of services especially of hospital length of stay. The PPS has increased the likelihood that a patient will be discharged home in an unstable condition and the use of nursing homes or long term care facilities increased. Still, it is insufficient to conclude that the PPS has decreased the Medicare total expenditure, but relatively sufficient to conclude that the quality of care hasn't changed. The maintenance of the quality resulted from the systemic "check-and-balance" composed of three factors; (1) The doctors are reimbursed based on the fee-for-service system, (2) hospitals contact with doctors under the attending system, and (3) there are some public hospitals. In Korea, the reimbursement for hospitals and doctors are not divided, the hospitals have doctors as employees, and 90% of hospitals are private. These differences may weaken the "check-and-balance" existing in the U.S. system. And there are few long term care facilities and the diagnostic coding system using in pilot test are not suitable for Korean situation. In conclusion, for successful implementation of the DRG payment system in Korea, the government should establish the "check-and-balance" system in the health sector to make sure the quality of care before the implementation.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.11-18
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• 1983

As a part of observation on the suitability as a second intermediate host of Clonorchis sinensis, various infection experiments were tried to Cyprinus carpio nodus. The results obtained were summarized as follows: 1. The cercariae which attempted to contact with Cyprinus carpio nodus in the water were observed under the stereomicroscope. After contact, cercariae began to separate its tails from the bodies at 4 minutes increasingly, and then the numbers ranged to 80% at 13 minutes after the encounter. But very few cercariae could actually invade into the epidermis of the fish. 2. When Cyprinus carpio nudes were exposed to a number of cercariae in the beaker, only a few cercariae could invade through the epidermis. Most of the invaded cercariae were killed before forming the cyst. Also rare encysted cercariae were found to be dead within 48 hours. 3. Cyprinus carpio nudes were reared with Parafossarulus manchouricus shedding numerous cercariae in the indoor aquarium. When observed after 12 days, to determine the susceptibility, no metacercaria was found infected. 4. Cyprinus carpio nudum were reared with Parafossarulus manchouricus shedding numerous cercariae in Kimhae lake for 2 months in summer of 1982, in order to check the natural infection. No metacercaria of Clonorchis sinensis was found from the fish. 5. In the cases of control fish, Pseudoraibora larva, numerous cercariae were inspected on the course of invasion through epidermis of the fish under the stereomicroscope. And many metacercariae were also found from the Ssh whenever they were kept in beaker, indoor aquarium, or the lake for natural infection. The results suggested that Cyprinus carpio kudus might not be proper intermediate host of Clonorchis sinensis.