• 제목/요약/키워드: Constructivism

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Effectiveness of the Korean Science Teacher Education Programs concerning the Teacher Conceptions of Constructivism and STS

  • Cha, Hee-Young;Yager, R.E.
    • 한국과학교육학회지
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    • 제23권4호
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    • pp.341-359
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    • 2003
  • The purpose of this research was to determine whether the present Korean teacher education programs for secondary science teachers are effective in improving the teacher conceptions of constructivism and STS. It is because the current Korean National Science Curriculum is consistent with both ideas as reforms. The teacher education programs sampled in the research included pre-service programs and two types of in-service programs. These two were the Qualifying In-service Program and the Iowa Korean Science Teachers Workshop. The Iowa Program was considered as an experimental program emphasized the constructivist perspective. Specially designed questionnaires for identifying teacher conceptions before and after the programs were administered. The conceptions about constructivism and STS improved as a result of the instruction in both of the pre-service and in-service teacher education programs. The pre-service program was more effective than the in-service programs in improving the teacher conceptions of both constructivism and STS. The Qualifying Inservice program was less effective than Iowa Korean Science Teachers Workshop. It was necessary for inservice programs for Korean secondary science teachers to be more emphasized on constructivism and STS. Iowa Korean Science Teachers Workshop provided a possible example to design a new special in-service program focused on constructivist perspectives as a way of aligning the Korean National Science Curriculum more quickly with recommended teaching practices in Korean schools.

인지적 구성주의에 근거한 의학교육의 발전 방향 (Cognitive Constructivism in the Development of Medical Education)

  • 천경희
    • 의학교육논단
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    • 제22권2호
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    • pp.77-84
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    • 2020
  • This study introduces cognitive constructivism in reference to its emergence in the development of medical education. The main concepts of cognitive constructivism as they relate to knowledge construction and the learner's process were described, and cognitive constructivism as a learning theory was examined in its capacity to help interpret the phenomenon of medical education. Piaget's theory of cognitive constructivism and Ausubel's meaningful learning theory were applied in an attempt to explore the role of students and educators, curriculum, and teaching and learning in medical education from a cognitive constructivist perspective. When faced with new information, learners compare it with the existing schema to understand, and in order to resolve conflicts caused by inconsistencies in the information, learners incorporate assimilation and accommodation to help maintain equilibration. Therefore, instructors must meaningfully connect new content to the learner's existing schema and make endless efforts to satisfy learners' intellectual curiosity. The basic premises of medical education content is a suitable subject of meaningful learning. A learner who already possesses well-structured knowledge is likely to experience meaningful learning and a richer intellectual experience. Therefore, it is necessary to organize the curriculum strategically and elaborately so that learners can have an improved and effective learning experience.

울산시 유치원의 교육 프로그램과 학습놀이공간의 실태 - 구성주의 교육을 중심으로 - (Preschool Education Programs In Ulsan Metropolitan City and the Actual Condition of Playroom Spaces)

  • 김정근;이원주
    • 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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    • 제39호
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    • pp.100-107
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    • 2003
  • The purpose of this study is to help create environments for early childhood education according to the principles of Constructivism. Generally, preschools in Ulsan Metropolitan City were used as samples for this study More particularly, 116 kindergartens were surveyed by telephone to evaluate their education programs. Four kindergartens that completely or partially used Constructivism in their programs were chosen as primary subjects for this study The results of this study were as follows: First, it was discovered that preschool education in Ulsan uses an integrated education model based on activities and Montessorie. Constructivist programs were also present using Project Approach, Reggio Emilia and Piaget. Second, the number of infants per class averaged 29.3. The average infants per playroom was 2.38$m^2$. It seems, therefore, that there is a lack of sufficient space for activities. Playroom furniture is primarily used for storage and it lacks variety and flexibility of use. The interior of preschools in related to materials, color and images also showed little difference among schools. Third, it was found that virtually every play space did not have adequate water playing and sand playing sections. Instead, the space for the large-muscle activities of big groups was used for this purpose. Fourth, kindergartens that use the principles of Constructivism plan to specialize their activities. Those only partially using Constructivism showed conventional tendencies and small play spaces that would be defined as inadequate according to Constructivism. This study, therefore, demonstrates that preschool education based on Constructivism are not being well-implemented in concert with other programs.

20세기 초 러시아 구성주의에서 나타나는 공간디자인에 관한 연구 (A Study on Space Design in Russian constructivism on early 20th Century)

  • 김주연;강수미
    • 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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    • 제29호
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    • pp.35-42
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    • 2001
  • As a part of Avant-Garde movement centered in Russia before and after the Revolution in 1917, Russian Constructivism was born as most experimental and avant-garde modernity artistic movement. Russian Constructivism played a significant part in relative to Avant-Garde in the beginning of twentieth century and has contributed to a series of artistic movement, it deserves a status befitting its contribution to modem abstract art. Noticing the fact that Constructivist approaches are being attempted in modern architecture with the new rise of Constructivist design theory and increased interest in Constructivism, this thesis explores the design elements characterizing Constructivism in art and architecture To be specific, it suggests the relation of Plastic paradigm in formalistic, elemental and technical aspects and categories into Plastic characteristics. Thereby, the thesis aims to categorize the elements in terms of contradicting two trends of pure plastic and scientific expressions, and to analyze comparatively the related Plastic trends represented in modern space design. The thesis recolonizes that attempts to break out from stereotypes of Constructivism to reinvent itself constantly have contributed to an unconventional forms and new aesthetic standards and have a great impact on idealistic forms in many genres.

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교육학 분야에서 CiteSpace에 기초한 구성주의 연구 동향 탐색 (A Dynamic exploration of Constructivism Research based on Citespace Software in the Filed of Education)

  • 장위신;송선희
    • 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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    • 제22권5호
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    • pp.576-584
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    • 2022
  • 구성주의는 인지심리학의 중요한 한 갈래로 현재 교육학 분야와 심리학 분야에 모두 커다란 영향을 미치고 있다. 본 연구는 CiteSpace 시각화 소프트웨어를 분석 도구로 사용하여 최근 35년간 교육분야에서 구성주의에 관한 연구문헌에 대한 지식지도 분석을 하였다. 이를 위하여 'WOS(web of science)' 데이터베이스를 기초로 국외문헌분석을 위하여 'WOS 핵심 데이터베이스'의 문헌들을 사용하였고, 국내문헌분석을 위하여 'KCI(Korean Journal Database)데이터베이스'의 문헌들을 분석하였다. 분석 방향은 발표연도, 연구가 이루어진 국가(지역), 연구자, 기관 또는 대학별 협력관계 분석, 주제어 분석이었다. 연구를 통해 얻은 결론은 세 가지이다. 첫째, 구성주의라는 주제에 관한 연구는 1986년부터 지금까지 이어지고 있으며 현재는 안정적인 발전단계이다. 둘째, 구성주의라는 주제로 연구가 많이 이루어진 국가는 미국, 캐나다, 영국, 호주, 네덜란드 순이다. 연구의 주요 기관과 연구자도 주로 이들 국가에 분포돼 있다. 셋째, 현재 구성주의 연구들의 주제어는 'instructional strategies(교수전략)' 집합에 집중되어 있으며, 과학기술의 발전이 개인 학습에 영향을 미치고 있다. 향후 교수전략은 구성주의 연구의 중점내용이 될 것이며, 교수공학의 발달로 새로운 교수모델 개발과 관련된 연구가 이루어질 필요가 있다.

구성주의적 사회과교육을 위한 웹기반 가상공간에서의 경험학습방안 (The Study of Experiential Learning on Web-Based Cyberspace for Constructive Education of Social Studies)

  • 황홍섭
    • 한국지역지리학회지
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    • 제4권2호
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    • pp.201-217
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    • 1998
  • 본 연구는 구성주의적 관점에서 사회과교육을 효율적으로 실현하기 위한 방안으로서 웹기반 가상공간에서 경험학습방안을 검토하였다. 구성주의적 관점에서 사회과교육은 인지적 구성주의에서 사회문화적 구성주의로, 사회문화적 구성주의에서 인지적 구성주의로, 공동구성주의로 이행되는 것이 사회과교육의 목적 내지 목표와 부합될 수 있다. 구성주의적 사회과교육의 목적 내지 목표를 실현할 교수-학습활동을 위해 웹활용 교육(Web-Based Instruction)은 효과적인 환경을 제공할 수 있다. 웹활용교육은 자칫하면 학습자가 수동적으로 될 위험성이 있으므로 교수-학습활동이 비구성적으로 되지 않도록 해야할 것이다. 구성주의 관점에서 사회과교육을 효과적으로 실현하기 위한 학습의 현장으로서 웹기반 가상공간은 특히 지역학습을 위한 장으로서 매우 유용하여 활용할 가치가 증대되며, 실제로 그 지역에 가지 않고서 답사와 조사를 할 수 있어 경험학습의 장으로 활용하기에 좋다.

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사회구성주의의 재검토: 기술사와의 논쟁을 중심으로 (Social Constructivism Revisited Focusing on the Controversies with History of Technology)

  • 송성수
    • 과학기술학연구
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    • 제2권2호
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    • pp.55-89
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    • 2002
  • 이 논문의 목적은 기술사의 관점에서 사회구성주의의 주요 이슈를 검토하고 평가하는 데 있다. 사회구성주의 기술학은 기술변화에 대한 대안적 설명으로서 다양한 비판에 적극적으로 대응하는 가운데 자신의 논지를 발전시켜 왔다. 특히 사회구성주의와 기술사는 $\ulcorner$기술과 문화$\lrcorner$를 통해 서술과 이론에 관한 논쟁, 신뢰성과 퍼포먼스에 관한 논쟁, 자전거 변천과정의 사례에 관한 논쟁을 전개해 왔다. 기술사 연구자의 입장에서 볼 때 사회구성주의는 새로운 전문용어를 남용하고 있고 역사적 자료의 사용이 엄밀하지 못하며 연구 대상에 따른 제약을 충분히 고려하지 않고 있다. 또한 사회구성주의를 한국에 적용하기 위해서는 역사적 자료의 미비, 기술학습의 중요성, 관련사회집단의 특수성 등의 문제에 주의를 기울여야 한다.

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유영국(劉永國)의 초기 구성주의: <랩소디>(1937)에 나타난 유토피아니즘 (Yoo Young-kuk's Early Constructivism: Utopianism in (1937))

  • 유영아
    • 미술이론과 현장
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    • 제9호
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    • pp.93-121
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    • 2010
  • This study is about Yoo Young-kuk's early works which show constructivism, especially focus on his debut painting, for the 7th Dokuritsu Bijutsu Kyokai(獨立美術協會, the Independent Fine Arts Association) in Tokyo in 1937. The work was painted 2 years after he had started his study in Japan in 1935. It was the first painting that applied Constructivism. played an important role for Constructivism to be a leading art in his abstraction. After this picture, Yoo was soon devoted to the principles of Constructivism-- Faktura(material), Tektonika (tectonics), Tekhnika(technique), space, construction-- in his painterly reliefs. This article examined why Yoo concentrated on Constructivism for , what the characteristics were, and what influences were on other works from 1935 to 1949. In addition, I investigated in which period was painted and how Constructivism was spread in 1930s and early 1940s in chapter 2. I scrutinized Rhapsody in chapter 3. When Yoo created Japan was under the Fifteen Years War(1931-1945), and a major discourse was the Japanese Spirit at that time. It was connected with construction of an ideal nation which the Japanese ultra-national fascism pursued. This ideological pursuit was intended to unite the Japanese people for total war system and to restore a national dignity which had been fallen down due to Manchurian Incident(1931). Thus, on the hand, Kokusai Bunka Shinkokai(國際文化振興, The Society for International Cultural Relations) and the Nippon Kosaku Bunka Renmei(日本工作文化連盟, Japanese Werkbund) were supported financially by the Japanese government. On the other hand, the government enacted regulations to opposing parties which would distract Japanese people's unification. As for the Japanese art world, the merge of art groups was carried out through remodeling of Teikoku Bijutsuin(帝國美術院, The Imperial Fine Arts Academy) in 1935. This brought out continuous dispute and disorder. Young artists who felt difficulty of entering an entry of Imperial Fine Arts Exhibition repeatedly grouped and disbanded for small art groups to build their standing, which they pursued Surrealism and Abstract art. Among them Constructivism was considered as the latest trend and was popular in craft, design, architecture as well as fine arts. In the year before he painted , Avant-garde theatres including Constructivism theatre were introduced in a feature article of September, 1936 in Atelier, which was dealing with mainly avant-garde arts. Books related with Constructivism were translated into Japanese, and Gestaltung Education had become active since the publication of A Compendium of Gestaltung Education("構成敎育大系"(1934)), Salvador Dali(1904-1989) was also introduced, so Surrealism was drawn more attention by young artists. reflected popular trends. Yoo analyzed the Japanese avant-gardists' archaic taste in the Independent Art Association that he submitted his painting to. And then he entitled 'Rhapsody' which derives from Ancient Greek's epic poetry and deliberately set up images in a scene. In chapter 3, I examined a theme which was planned carefully by sorting favorite images from the Japanese Surrealism. was a result that Yoo Young-kuk observed objectively the phenomenon that young artists dreamt of Utopia or longed for Nostalgia passively and lethargically under wars. And then he otherized himself from that circumstance. First of all, for he used the typical icons of Japanese Surrealism such as the horizon, flowing clouds, and vast plain that were considered stereotypes of Arcadia. He, however distinguished himself form those Japanese Surrealists. He made his own vision about Utopia by referring Lyubov Popova(1889-1924)'s stage design. His objective point of view was expressed by positive and dynamic images of structure and human's actions. Constructivism which was attempted in had an effect on other early constructive works, and the principles of Constructivism were sought hard in reliefs, paintings, and photos.

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Context-Awareness for Location Based-Service for Ubiquitous Learning with underlying Principles of Ontology, Constructivism, Artificial Intelligence

  • Gelogo, Yvette;Kim, Hye-jin
    • International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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    • 제4권2호
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    • pp.7-11
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    • 2012
  • In this paper, we defined constructivism and ontology theory and associate it in ubiquitous learning. The typical ubiquitous learning involving the Context Aware Intelligent system was presented. Also the Architecture for learning environment including the key idea and technical concept is being presented in this paper. Guided with these principles and with the advancement of information and communication technology the context-awareness based on Artificial intelligence for Location based Service for ubiquitous Learning was conceptualized.

20세기 초반 러시아 아방가르드 미술가의 의상디자인 활동 - 구성주의를 중심으로 - (The fashion Design of the Avantgarde Artists during the Early Twentieth Century - Focus on the Constructivism -)

  • 오선희
    • 복식
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    • 제51권3호
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    • pp.59-73
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    • 2001
  • This paper is to examine the meaning of activities of a number of artists who belong to Constructivism in the fashion design area during early twentieth century. After Russian Revolution, the artists like Nadeshda Lamanowa, Ljubow Popowa and Warwara Stepanova decided to devote to practical art area for many People. It's very meaningful for them to jump into real work places like a textile mill and a clothing workshop instead of staying in fine art area. Constructivism is more related to social interest rather than individual thing. The artists tried to apply their modeling principles in fine art to dress making. We can see the geometrical lines and shapes and big differences In colors and material in their dress. The artists had also shown personal tastes to dress works. This idea of togetherness with their time and even to create the style of it. was very renovative at that time and gave an influence on the later styles.

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