• Transactions of Materials Processing
• /
• v.13 no.2
• /
• pp.148-153
• /
• 2004

Finite element analysis of open die forging process to make rectangular billet has been performed in this study. Three dimensional rigid-plastic finite element method was used to analyze the effects of process variables, forging pass design and die configurations on the void closure phenomena to maximize the internal deformation for better structural homogeneity and center-line consolidation of the rectangular billet. The effect of anvil width ratio, anvil pitch, anvil shape and number of pass has been estimated by the degree of void closure ratio. Although it is difficult to optimize process parameters in the operational environments, favourable process conditions are suggested for better product quality.

• Transactions of Materials Processing
• /
• v.8 no.3
• /
• pp.253-253
• /
• 1999

Dense WC-10 vol.%Co composite was simultaneously synthesized with field-activated and pressure-assisted combustion synthesis (FAPACS) within several minutes in one step from elemental powders of W, C and Co. Combustion synthesis was carried out under the combined effect of an electric field and mechanical pressure. Under the application of 60MPa pressure and 3000A current on the reactants, the relative density of WC-10 vol.%Co composite was 98.4%. The fracture toughness and hardness of WC-10 vol.%Co were 8.6 MPa·$m^{1/2}$ and 1900 kg/mm², respectively.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
• /
• v.46 no.2
• /
• pp.49-57
• /
• 2004

Generally, the properties of aggregate greatly affect the physical and mechanical properties of concrete. Flat and elongated particles in coarse aggregates, for some construction uses, may interfere with consolidation and be difficult to place. In this study, an experiment to evaluate properties of flat and elongated particles as coarse aggregate in concrete was conducted. The experiments include slump test, air content test and compressive strength test. The test result of slump and change of slump was rapidly decreased by percentage of flat and elongated particles. But it had not a trend by increasing percentage of flat and elongated particles. Compressive strength of hardened concrete does not make any differences in comparison.

• Journal of Powder Materials
• /
• v.14 no.5
• /
• pp.315-319
• /
• 2007

Pure WC or WC with low Co concentration less than 0.5 wt.% is studied to fabricate high density WC/Co cemented carbide using vacuum sintering and post HIP process. Considering the high melting point of WC, it is difficult to consolidate it without the use of Co as binder. In this study, the effect of lower Co addition on the microstructure and mechanical properties evolution of WC/CO was investigated. By HIP process after vacuum sintering, hardness and density was sharply increased. The hardness values was $2,800kgf/mm^2$ using binderless WC.

• Transactions of Materials Processing
• /
• v.24 no.1
• /
• pp.20-27
• /
• 2015

Hot tensile tests were conducted at different temperatures ranging from $20^{\circ}C$ to $550^{\circ}C$ to evaluate the mechanical properties of Al5052 seamless tubes. Such tubes can provide the technological foundation for complex forming using hot air bulging. Hot air bulging is one of the recently developed hydroforming techniques and it has some limitations in terms of cycle times. The benefits of hot air bulging are weight and cost savings through part consolidation and reduced post-forming processes such as welding and piercing. In order to extend the forming limits of Al lightweight material hot air bulging was investigated. A heated tube was placed in a heated die and sealed at the ends by sealing cylinders. The heated tube was subsequently expanded against the die cavity wall by internal pressure using air medium. The results of the current study show that axial feeding speed and air pressure have an effect on the formability of Al tubes during air bulging at elevated temperatures.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Technology of Plasticity Conference
• /
• 2009.05a
• /
• pp.145-147
• /
• 2009

The benefits of hydroforming technology are known as weight and cost savings through part consolidation and reduced post-forming processes such as welding and piercing. Hydroforming technology has some weaknesses in terms of process cycle times. But, as the hydraulic system and process designs are continuously developed, the cycle time is also reduced to acceptable and competitive levels. Hot air bulging is one of recently developed hydroforming techniques. Hot air bulging in order to further extend the forming degrees of Al lightweight material is investigated. A heated tube is placed in a heated die and sealed at the ends by sealing cylinders. The tube is subsequently expanded against the die cavity wall by internal pressure provided by air medium. The result of this study shows that axial feeding speed and air pressure have an effect on formability of Al air bulging at elevated temperature.

• Proceedings of the Korean Powder Metallurgy Institute Conference
• /
• 2006.09b
• /
• pp.1266-1267
• /
• 2006

[ $MgZn_{4.3}Y_{0.7}$ ] alloy powders were prepared using an industrial scale gas atomizer, followed by warm extrusion. The powders were almost spherical in shape. The microstructure of powders as atomized and bars as extruded was examined as a function of initial powder size distribution using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscope (EDS) and X-ray Diffractometer (XRD). The grain sizes were decreased with extruding as well as decreasing the initial powder sizes. Both the ultimate strength and elongation were enhanced as the initial powder sizes were decreased.

• Journal of Powder Materials
• /
• v.18 no.5
• /
• pp.401-405
• /
• 2011

Half-heusler phase ZrNiSn is one of the potential thermoelectric materials for high temperature application. In an attempt to investigate the effect of Sb doping on thermoelectric properties, half-heusler phase $ZrNiSn_{1-x}Sb_x$ ($0{\leq}x{\leq}0.08$) was synthesized by mechanical alloying of stoichiometric elemental powder compositions, and consolidated by vacuum hot pressing. Phase transformations during mechanical alloying and hot consolidation were investigated using XRD. Sb doped ZrNiSn was successfully produced in all doping ranges by vacuum hot pressing using as-milled powders without subsequent annealing. Thermoelectric properties as functions of temperature and Sb contents were evaluated for the hot pressed specimens. Sb doping up to x=0.04 in $ZrNiSn_{1-x}Sb_x$ was shown to be effective on thermoelectric properties and the figure of merit (ZT) was shown to reach to the maximum at x=0.02 in this study.

• Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
• /
• v.42
• /
• pp.68-77
• /
• 2000

Analyses, in which load was regarded as instant load and gradual step load, respectively, were performed with data measured on a gradually loaded field, and the results were inspected to find the effect of load conditions, and the final settlements which were predicted by Hyperbolic, Tan's, Asaoka's, and Monden's methods were compared with each other. Settlement curves in which load was regarded as instant load and gradual step load being to coincide at twice the time of duration of embankment. On the ground installed vertical drain, from the results of Hyperbolic, Tan's, Asaoka's, Monden's, Curve fitting I, and Curve fitting II (simple, carrillo) methods it was concluded that Asaoka, Curve fitting I, and Curve fitting II methods are reliable for prediction final settlement with back analysis.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
• /
• 2002.10a
• /
• pp.681-688
• /
• 2002

Study was peformed to develop the‘environmental double pile’for the remediation of low-permeable contaminated soil. This technique is similar in function to‘sand drain pile’But this applies recyclable oyster shell treated as waste materials to a drain material and the pile is consisted of two layers. Inner metal pile is located in center and oyster shells are filled around it. By this technology, contaminated ground water is pumped out through the oyster shell and purified by drainage, adsorption, and reaction processes. Afterwards, the grout material is injected through the inner pile for the effect of the solidification / stabilization. As a result, the concept of this technique is a development of one-step process technology. Through the test, a consolidation characteristic by radial drain is going to be evaluated and the optimum standard of this technology will be calculated.