• 한국농촌건축학회논문집
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.57-65
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• 2016

When the castle of the city was destructed from 1911 through 1915 in Cheongju, the city's spatial structure was reorganized and "Han-ok Housing", a dwelling site filled with Korean traditional houses, was newly formed around the former castle site. These days, the Han-ok housing in Seoun-dong, Cheongju in which elderly couples and senior citizens live is enclosed by modernized roads and three or four-story buildings, leaving the housing as an isolated island in the city block. Nonetheless, the Han-ok housing not only plays an important role in sustaining the historic and local identity of the city, but also offers environmental benefits in terms of daylighting and ventilation. The purpose of this study is to reorganize the housing suitable for those who currently live and recreate it by adding new functionality. Consequently, three strategies are established; the conservation of existing building through the improvement of existing facilities; the conversion of vacant buildings into a new use; and the creation of the urban mid-rise Han-ok housing at street sides. The first strategy has a significance in that the traditional building's single wing plan, small room sizes and lack of storages now cause great inconvenience for current life style. The second strategy also promotes the practical use of abandoned buildings through alterations and additions. Finally, the creation of the urban mid-rise Han-ok housing that is accomplished by the combination of reinforced concrete and wooden structure interacts with or respond to the city's development. As a result, this study for the adaptive reuse of Han-ok housing proves how the traditional properties can be maintained in a careful manner and how its creative reuse can be achieved.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.8-18
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• 2002

This research was conducted to establish the conservation strategy of stream water quality by analyzing the factors influenced on stream water quality in the northeastern part of Mt. Bughansan National Park from July 1998 to October 2001. The number of visitors resulted in the significant increase of electrical conductivity, which affected on pollution of the stream water quality. According to the multiple regression analysis, the pH of the stream water was related to dissolved oxygen and temperature of water at the 1% significant level. The electrical conductivity of the stream water was related to number of visitors, amount of $K^+$ and ${NO_3}^-$, total amount of ions, percentages of $Cl^-$ and $Na^+$ caused by solifluction soil at the 1% significant level. The anions($Cl^-$, ${NO_3}^-$ and ${SO_4}^{2-}$) of the stream water were related to number of visitors, electrical conductivity, air temperature, hardness, amount of ${NO_3}^-$, ${SO_4}^{2-}$, total ions, percentage of $Cl^-$, ${NO_3}^-$, ${SO_4}^{2-}$, amount of $Ca^{2+}$ caused by solifluction soil at the 1% significant level. To prevent the pollution of stream water in the northeastern part of Mt. Bughansan National Park, it is recommended that the number of visitors in the park should be managed and rehabilitated rapidly by measure to eco-friendly during the spring season.

• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 1998

대백산 장군봉지역을 중심으로 분포하고 있는 주목의 생육현황과 주목림의 구조를 파악하고자, 주목이 생육하고 있는 지역에 18개의 방형구(20m$\times $20m)를 설치하여 식생을 조사하였다. 주목과 함께 생육중인 수종들로는 당단풍, 나래회나무, 귀룽나무, 분비나무 등이었다. 수종간의 상관성은 잣나무와 분비나무, 사스래나무와 함박꽃나무 등의 수종들간에는 부의 상관관계가 인정되었다. 본 조사지의 종다양도(H')는 고사목이었고 생육상태가 불량하였으며 치수도 매우 적었다. 본 조사지의 주목림을 보존하기 위해서는 쇠최원인의 구명에 대한 지속적인 연구와 적극적인 숲 관리가 필요하다고 판단된다.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.168-177
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• 2015

BACKGROUND: In recent year, there has been great concern regarding agricultural land uses and their importance for the conservation of biodiversity. Rice fields are managed unique wetland for wildlife, especially waterbirds. A comprehensive monitoring of the waterbird assemblage to understand patterning changes was attempted for rice ecosystem in South Korea. This rice ecosystem has been recognized as one of the most important for waterbirds conservation. METHODS AND RESULTS: Biweekly monitoring was implemented for the 4 years from April 2009 to March 2010, from April 2011 to March 2014. 32 species of waterbirds were observed. Self-organizing map (SOM) and random forest were applied to the waterbirds dataset to identify the characteristics in waterbirds distribution. SOM and random forest analysis clearly classified into four clusters and extract ecological information from waterbird dataset. Waterbird assemblages represented strong seasonality and habitat use according to waterbird group such as shorebirds, herons and waterfowl. CONCLUSION: Our results showed that the combination of SOM and random forest analysis could be useful for ecosystem assessment and management. Furthermore, we strongly suggested that a strict management strategy for the rice fields to conserve the waterbirds. The strategy could be seasonally and species specific.

• 생태와환경
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• 제55권4호
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• pp.390-397
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• 2022

북극 이사회 산하 "북극동식물보전 워킹그룹"은 북극 생물다양성을 보전하고 생물자원의 지속가능성을 보장하기 위해 모니터링, 평가, 정책, 전문가 그룹 활동을 수행하고 그 결과를 정부들과 북극원주민들에게 전달한다. 북극 동식물보전 워킹그룹의 주요업무는 모니터링, 평가, 전략 사업으로 구성되어 있다. 주요 모니터링 사업은 "환북극 생물다양성 모니터링 (해양, 담수, 육상, 연안) 프로그램", 평가 사업은 "북극생물다양성평가", 전략 사업은 "북극철 새이니셔티브"이다. 우리나라는 2013년 북극 이사회 옵서버 국가 지위 획득 후 2015년부터 북극철새이니셔티브 사업에 직접 참여하고 있다. 북극철새이니셔티브는 북극에서 번식하는 철새들이 이용하는 전 세계 이동경로 상의 서식지를 보전하고 불법 사냥을 방지하는 것이 목적이다. 따라서, 철새 이동경로상의 옵서버 국가들이 직접적으로 사업에 참여하고 있다. 우리나라는 2030년까지 북극협력사업 참여를 위한 우선순위 선정 시 기존에 참여하고 있는 북극 철새이니셔티브와 국내 공공기관들이 운영 중인 북극 관련 아카데미 프로그램을 활용해 "CAFF 청년 프로그램" 참여 방안을 고려할 필요가 있다.

• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.12-24
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• 1992

우리나라에 있는 보호지역의 보존 및 관리에 대한 제반 문제의 해결을 위한 한 접근방법으로 도서생물지리학과 서식처 분획화 이론의 적용에 대한 검토를 하였다. 최근 생물적 다양성의 파괴와 함께 급격히 증가하고 있는 보호지역내 자연 서식처에 대한 적절하고 신속한 조치가 필요하며. 이러한 요구에 부응하여 우리나라 보호지역의 효과적인 관리를 위한 제반 검토를 하였다. 우리나라의 식물상은 주로 인간의 간섭에 의해 계속 변화할 것이다. 다양한 내용의 위협에 처해 있는 우리나라 보호지역의 보존과 관리에 대한 이의 바람직한 해결을 위해서는 결과적으로 동, 식물상 또는 집단이나 종 등의 개별적인 접근이 아닌 종합적인 접근방법을 필요로 하고 있다. 이러한 접근방법은 서식처, 종 및 집단의 관리에 대한 위협의 종류, 유효성과 잠재성 등을 종합적으로 평가할 수 있기 때문이다. 우리나라 보호지역의 보존전략에 대한 도서생물지리학과 서식처 분획화 및 주연부효과 이론 등의 적용은 현존의 서식처 패치에 대한 격리 및 분획화등의 역동적인 관계에 대한 이해를 보다용이하게 해주게 될 것이다. 또한 이러한 접근방법은 우리나라 식물상의 분포특성 및 현상에 대한 제반 지식에 기초를 둔 식물의 보존책의 하나로 이는 우리나라의 보호지역의 보존에 대한 보다 합리적인 접근방법이 될 것이다. 또한 이러한 적용을 기초로 하여 최소활성화집단의 규모 등의 개념 도입은 식물과 서식처 보존의 보다 바람직한 해결을 위한 종합적인 한 방법이 되리라 생각된다.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제38권5호
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• pp.220-230
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• 2022

Seasonal variability of water quality in the upland headwater streams in ten forested catchments (37.0~209.0 ha) was examined from April to November 2021. Here, seven physicochemical parameters were analyzed including pH, electrical conductivity (EC), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total nitrogen (T-N), total phosphorous (T-P), and BOD/TOC. The parameters were compared with those of lowerland rivers as middle and lower reaches within a watershed. The pH showed was low (6.4~6.9) during all the seasons, however, BOD and BOD/TOC in the fall season were 2-fold higher than in the spring and summer seasons. Based on environmental standards, the water quality level revealed that the upland headwater streams maintained the purity and cleanliness of water except for pH in the summer season. BOD/TOC of all the seasons and BOD of the fall season in the upland headwater streams were higher than that in the lowerland rivers, whereas the rest of the physicochemical parameters in the upland headwater streams were lower than that in the lowerland rivers. Additionally, the water quality level maintained the purity and cleanliness of water as "Good" in two reaches. The unique aspects of our study design enabled us to draw inferences about water quality characteristics with temporal and spatial analysis in upland headwater streams. This design will be useful for the long-term strategy of effective water quality management for integrated upland headwater streams and lowerland rivers within a watershed.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2016년도 학술발표회
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• pp.204-204
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• 2016

Thailand had set the National Water Management Strategy which covered main six areas in the next 12 years, i.e., by priority: (1) water for household, (2) water for agricultural and industrial production, (3) water for flood and drought management, (4) water for quality issue, (5) water from forest conservation and soil erosion protection, (6) water resources management. However due to the climate change impact, there is a question for all strategies is whether to complete this mission under future climate change. If the impact affects our target, we have to clarify how to mitigate or to adapt with it. Vulnerability assessment was conducted under the framework of ADB's (with the parameters of exposure, sensitivity and adaptive capacity) and the assessments were classified into groups due to their different characteristic and the framework of the National Water Management Strategy, i.e., water supply (rural and urban), water for development (agriculture and others), water disasters (floods (flash, overflow), drought, water quality). The assessments identified the parameters concerned and weight factors used for each groups via expert group discussions and by using GIS mapping technology, the vulnerability maps were produced. The maps were verified with present water situation data (floods, drought, water quality). From the analysis result of this water resources management strategy, we found that 30% of all projects face the big impacts, 40% with low impact, and 30% for no impact. It is clear that water-related agencies have to carefully take care approximately 70% of future projects to meet water resources management strategy. It is recommended that additional issues should be addressed to mitigate the impact from climate risk on water resource management of the country, i.e., water resources management under new risk based on development scenarios, relationship with area-based problems, priority definition by viewpoints of risk, vulnerability (impact and occurrence probability in past and future), water management system in emergency case and water reserve system, use of information, knowledge and technology in management, network cooperation and exchange of experiences, knowledge, technique for sustainable development with mitigation and adaptation, education and communication systems in risk, new impact, and emergency-reserve system. These issues will be described and discussed.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제21권9호
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• pp.323-331
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• 2021

The relevance of the study implies the need to explain the main determinants of environmental policy, allowing countries to converge on a common working basis. The purpose of the research is to explore ways in which the environmental aspects of EU regions and territories can be shaped to apply to domestic environmental policy. A total of 997 representatives from the Ukrainian UTCs, who are involved in local environmental policy, participated in the survey. Results of the research. A hierarchy of regional environmental policy objectives has been identified. Three key principles of eco-policy development have been distinguished. The means of the innovative approach strategy implementation have been outlined (formation of the regional market of environmental services; organization of interaction between environmental agencies and market structures; establishment of environmental funds which finance environmental activities; implementation of the "collateral return" system; formation of a system of benefits and loans to enterprises that successfully implement the environmental policy). The means of the prognostic approach implementation strategy to the development of the region's environmental policy have been determined (the use of an orderly and successful long-term strategy of economic development of the region; obligatory consideration in the mechanisms strategy aimed at improvement of environmental management system of the region, interbranch impact of the projects implemented on the region's ecological situation; taking into consideration the economic and geographical peculiarities of the region, the necessary infrastructure, issues of the territorial location of the large enterprises in the region and their impact on the environment). The means of the traditional approach strategy implementation have been outlined (activity programs focused on solution of specific problems, rather than on the implementation of measures for environmental restoration and enhancement; nature conservation problems have interbranch, interdepartmental character due to unity of the region's ecosystem; tracking complexity of changing conditions (water basins, woodlands, air-mass transport), regional boundaries generally do not coincide with natural ecosystems boundaries). The practical significance of the study lies in providing recommendations for the implementation of certain aspects of Ukrainian UTC's environmental policy.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제48권1호
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• pp.67-69
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• 2010

Trypomastogotes of Trypanosoma brucei were detected from 4 asymptomatic kudus (Tragelaphus strepsiceros) on a game ranch located approximately 45 km north east of Lusaka, Zambia. Blood smears examined from 14 wildlife species comprising of the impala (Aepyceros melampus), Kafue lechwe (kobus leche kafuensis), sable antelope (Hippotragus niger), tsessebe (Damaliscus lunatus), warthog (Phacochoerus aethiopicus), puku (Kobus vardoni), zebra (Equus burchelli), waterbuck (Kobus ellipsiprymnus), bushbuck (Tragelaphus scriptus), reedbuck (Redunca arundinum), wilderbeest (Connochaetes taurinus), hartebeest (Alcephelus lichtensteini), African buffalo (Syncerus caffer), and kudu (Tragelaphus strepsiceros) showed that only the kudu had T. brucei. Although game ranching has emerged to be a successful ex-situ conservation strategy aimed at saving the declining wildlife population in the National Parks, our findings suggest that it has the potential of aiding the re-distribution of animal diseases. Hence, there is a need for augmenting wildlife conservation with disease control strategies aimed at reducing the risk of disease transmission between wildlife and domestic animals.