• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.803-823
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• 1999

In order to reveal immunopathogenesis of periodontal tissue destruction, it is important to clarify the molecular mechanism of trafficking and retention of activated leukocytes, including monocytes/macrophages. Gingival fibroblasts may be involved in the regulation of inflammatory cell accumulation in the extravascular periodontal connective tissues via cytokine production and surface expression of adhesion molecules. In this study, it was investigated the molecular basis for the adhesive interactions between monocytes and fibroblasts such as peri-odontal ligament fibroblast(PDLF), human gingival fibroblast(HGF), and human dermal fibroblast(HDF). First, it was examined the evidence whether monocyte-fibroblast cell contact may cause signal transduction in fibroblasts. Being directly in contact with fixed human monocyte cell line THP-1, or U937, upregulation of IL-6 production, $TNF-{\alpha}$ mRNA expression and increased cell proliferation could be seen for fibroblasts. IL-6 production induced by monocyte- fibroblast coculture were further increased when fibroblasts had been pretreated with $IFN-{\gamma}$ or $IL-1{\beta}$ , and monocytes with LPS. Next, it was examined the expression of ICAM-1 which has been known to be involved in accumulation and activation of leukocytes in inflammatory diseases such as periodontitis. ICAM-1 was upregulated up to 10-fold on PDLF, HGF, and HDF by exposure to $IFN-{\gamma}$ or $IL-1{\beta}$. Furthermore, anti-ICAM-1 monoclonal antibody clearly blocked cocultureinduced IL-6 production by fibroblasts, suggesting that $ICAM-1/{\beta}_2$integrin pathway is involved in periodontal fibroblastmonocyte interaction. Overall, these findings provide evidence that periodontal fibroblasts could be involved in the accumulation and retention of monocytes/macrophages in periodontal inflammatory lesion at least in part by ICAM-1 expression. In addition, periodontal fibroblast-monocyte interaction could cause activation signals in fibroblasts intracellularly which result in cytokine production and cell proliferation. Thus, periodontal fibroblasts are speculated to play an important role in immunoregulation and tissue destruction in chronic periodontal diseases by interaction with monocytes/macrophages.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.65 no.4
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• pp.313-317
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• 2008

Lipoma is a common neoplasm in soft tissues. However, an intrapulmonary lipoma is a rare benign tumor. Patients with a bronchial lipoma might have a malignant potential related to their smoking history due to the case reports of lung cancer accompanied with lipoma. Endobronchial lipoma can cause irreversible parenchymal lung damage if not diagnosed and treated early. Therefore, it should initially be treated by fiberoptic bronchoscopy or surgery depending on the status of distal parenchymal lung damage. Bronchiolitis obliterans with organizing pneumonia (BOOP) is a pathological syndrome that is defined by the presence of buds of granulation tissue consisting of fibroblasts and collagen within the lumen of the distal air spaces. BOOP is caused by drug intoxication, connective tissue disease, infection, obstructive pneumonia, tumors, or an unknown etiology. We encountered a 58 year-old male patient with endobronchial lipoma, causing the collapse of the right middle and lower lobes, and BOOP due to obstructive pneumonia.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.228-235
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• 1996

Idiopathic bronchiolitis obliterans with organizing pneumonia(BOOP) is a specific clinicopathologic syndrome characterized by a pneumonia-like illness, with excessive proliferation of granulation tissue within bronchioles, alveolar ducts and alveoli. The changes are most numerous in alveolar ducts. The presence of intraluminal tufts of organizing connective tissue in alveolar ducts and more distal airspaces has been termed organizing pneumonia. The radiologic manifestations are distinctive with bilateral, diffuse alveolar opacities predominantly in the subpleural and lower lung zone. Patchy migratory pneumonic foci or solely nodular infiltrates are rarely present in BOOP. BOOP is a diagnosis of importance because of its dramatic response to steroids.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.50 no.6
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• pp.732-739
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• 2001

Systemic lupus erythematosus frequently has thoracic involvement among connective tissue diseases. One of the pleuropulmonary manifestations is diffuse interstitial lung disease including nonspecific interstitial pneumonia(NSIP). NSIP is a newly classified disease among interstitial lung diseases. Systemic lupus erythematosus has a better prognosis than usual interstitial peumonia(UIP) and responds well to steroids. In this report, a 34 year-old woman who complained of a dry cough, and exertional dyspnea for 2 months is described. The chest X-ray showed fine reticular opacities and a mild honeycomb appearance in both basal lungs. High resolution computed tomography(HRCT) showed bilateral patchy areas of ground-glass attenuation and a mild honeycomb appearance in the subpleural of both the lower and the middle portion of the lung fields. An open lung biopsy showed prominent lymphocytic interstitial inflammation and fibrosis with small areas with a honeycomb appearance. This case was diagnosed as NSIP associated with systemic lupus erythematosus and was managed with oral steroids. Here we report a case of nonspecific interstitial pneumonia associated with systemic lupus erythematosus confirmed by HRCT and an open lung biopsy with a review of the relevant literature.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.510-531
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• 2021

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to review the status of numeric rating scale (NRS) usage and suggest the potential for use in multicenter retrospective studies of various diseases. Methods: Articles published from 2011 to 2021 that used the keywords "NRS", "Multi-center", and "RCT" were identified in foreign databases, including EMBASE, PubMed, CENTRAL. The articles were analyzed according to their use of "NRS" by symptoms and by disease group using the major classifications of the Korean Standard Classification of Diseases (KCD-7). Results: Classification by symptom in a total of 288 articles illustrates that the NRS was not only commonly used in pain evaluation but also for non-pain symptoms. In usage with non-pain symptoms, chief complaint of patients was the most common at 79%, and other factors included treatment satisfaction, evaluation of daily life, and sleep quality. In disease classification according to the KCD-7, the NRS was commonly used in connection with musculoskeletal and connective tissue diseases but was also utilized in various other disease groups. Conclusions: This study confirms usage of the NRS in multi-center RCTs, as the NRS was widely used in all types of diseases and symptoms. Considering the result and the advantages of the NRS, it is recommended for use as a daily evaluation tool for the collection of common data in multicenter retrospective studies.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.151-157
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• 1996

This study was analyze through the reports which published on the subject matter of Su Dong-Myun from year of 1972-1993, and analysis of data in 1994 was performed with medical records on the health subcenter by PC-SAS program. The result are as follows: The number of population in Su-Dong Myun(study area) was 5,707 in 1995, 4,641 in 1985 and 5,424 in 1975. In the composition rate of population "0-14" of age group only showed markedly decreasing tendancy from 42.8% in 1975 to 19.1% in 1995. However, "65 and over" showed markedly increasing tendancy from 5.7% in 1975 to 9.8% in 1995. Annual utilization rate showed rapidly increasing tendency from year of 1972 to 1978, such as 314 per showed rapidly decreasing tendency, such as 708 in 1981, 485 in 1984, 272 in 1987, 309 in 190 and in 1993. In the annual age-specific utilization rate, the age group of "0-14" showed the highest rate of 621 per thousand population in 1975, 1159 in 1980, 1021 in 1985 and 538 in 1990. However the age group of "65 and over" showed the highest rate of 481 in 1994. Age specific annual utilization rate showed markedly decreasing tendency in the age group of "0-14" and "15-44", however showed slightly decreasing tendency or same level in the group of "45-64" and "65 and over" from year of 1980 to 1994. In the age specific utilization rate, the lower down the age was, the higher tendency the rate showed, such as 621 per 1,000 population in "0-14" of the age group, 543 in "15-44", 406 in "45-64" and 294 in "65 and over" in 1975. However, the higher up the age was, the higher tendency the rate showed in 1980, 1985 and 1994, except "0-14" of age group. The 5 major diseases were disease of Respiratory system, Gastrointestinal system, Skin and Subcutaneous tissue, Accidents, Poisoning and Violence and Nervous system and Sense organ, in 1975, 1980 and 1985. However, in 1990 and 1994, the 5 major disease were disease of Respiratory system, Gastrointestinal system. Skin and Subcutaneous tissue, Musculoskeletal system and, Connective tissue and Circulatory system. In Composition rate of patient in Su Dong-Myun Health Subcenter by Charged Medical Fee, medical insurance showed almost all the highest rate of 93.9% in year of 1994 and C.H.D.A. of 100% in 1975. Proportion of insurance showed increasing tendency such as 6.6% in 1980, 21.3% in 1985, 69.0% in 1990 and relatively C.H.D.A. showed decreasing tendency.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.7
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• pp.4641-4650
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• 2015

This study aims to further strengthen the medical expertise to offer specialized medical care specialization strategies to gain a competitive edge through the customer segmentation of the Regional Public Hospital. Investigation period was selected to study the inpatients 26,658 people January to December 2013. The method of analysis are Cluster analysis and Decision Tree Analysis. In conclusion, female, age over 60, and diseases in musculoskeletal system and connective tissue were commonly selected as identifiers of the target market of Regional Public Hospital. Customers in this target market are loyal to specialized medical service and keeping continuous relationship with these customers through communication and monitoring of results of provided medical service would be important because the effect of word of mouth propagated to other group of customers having equivalent scale of consumption is expected. And the concentration of the scope of medical service of Regional Public Hospital and the collaboration and mutual reliance of medical service under the strategic alliance with other institutions and private hospitals are also needed.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.231-236
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• 2005

Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis(JRA) is the most common major connective tissue disease in children. Renal involvement in JRA is rare. Among the renal lesions that have been reported in JRA, amyloidosis and drug-induced nephropathy are the most common. Crescentic glomerulonephritis in JRA has rarely been reported. We report a case of ANCA-associated pauci-immune crescentic glomerulonephritis in JRA. The patient was a 15-year old boy with a 3-year history of JRA. He presented with gross hematuria, proteinuria, positive p-ANCA and elevation of BUN and creatinine. Pathologic findings revealed focal necrotizing and crescentic glomerulonephritis. There were no significant immunoglobulin or complement deposits. His renal function recovered after intravenous methylprednisolone pulse therapy and oral steroid use. In Korea, this is the first reported case of pauci-immune crescentic glomerulonephritis in JRA. (J Korean Soc Pediatr Nephrol 2005;9:231-236)

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.186-191
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• 2015

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is associated with an excess mortality from cardiovascular disease which is likely attributed to an atherogenic lipid profile. Among nutritional factors vitamin K has been recently focused as a pivotal nutrient in improvement of lipid related markers. Thus, this study was designed to determine the effects of vitamin K on lipid profile in this disease. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Fifty eight patients with definitive RA were participated in the present double blind placebo controlled study. They were randomly allocated into two groups to receive vitamin $K_1$ as phylloquinone [10 mg/day] (n = 30) or placebo pills (n = 28), for eight weeks. In order to control the effects of probable confounders dietary intakes, anthropometric measurements including weight and height, clinical status using disease activity score-28 (DAS-28), physical activity and anxiety status were evaluated at baseline. Moreover, serum levels of lipid related markers including total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and triglyceride (TG) were measured at baseline and at the end of intervention. RESULTS: There were no significant differences between the two groups regarding any of the baseline characteristics. After adjusting for some relevant confounders, in comparison between two groups, we observed no significant changes in lipid related markers at the end of intervention. Also, there was no significant difference between before and after intervention values within groups (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Function of vitamin $K_1$ in lipid profile modification remains still controversial. This study showed that vitamin $K_1$ has no effect on lipid profile in women with rheumatoid arthritis. Further studies with a longer follow-up are required to determine the effects of vitamin K on atherogenic lipid profile.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.17
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• pp.7513-7516
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• 2015

Background: Pyogenic granuloma is a common non-neoplastic connective tissue proliferation. ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 are vascular adhesion molecules and CD34 is a marker for evaluation of angiogenesis. The purpose of this study was to compare the immunohistochemical expression of ICAM-1, VCAM-1 & CD34 in oral pyogenic granuloma and normal gingiva. Materials and Methods: This study was performed on thirty five formalin-fixed, paraffin embedded samples of gingival pyogenic granuloma. Also we used thirty five paraffined blocks of normal gingiva as control group which were taken from crown lengthening surgery. We employed immunohistochemistry staining for our prepared microscopic slides using monoclonal mouse anti-human antibodies against ICAM-1 (CD54), VCAM-1 (CD106) and CD34. Slides were examined under light microscope and then the mean amount of stained vessels also known as microvascular density (MVD) in highly vascularized areas (hot spots) was measured. Paired t-test and repeated measures ANOVA were used to compare the difference between quantitative variables and Chi-square test for qualitative variables in different groups. Pearson correlation coefficient was used to compare relations between quantitative variables. P<0.05 was considered significant. Results: The mean of MVD for ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and CD34 was significantly higher in pyogenic granuloma than normal gingiva (p<0.001 & p<0.001 & p<0.001, respectively). Expression of CD34 in pyogenic granuloma was significantly higher than ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 (P<0.001). Besides, expression of ICAM-1 in normal gingiva, was significantly lower than two other markers (p<0.001). Conclusions: Regarding the results, it seems that ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and CD34 are useful biomarkers in evaluation of vascular and inflammatory lesions such as gingival pyogenic granuloma and the results indicate the role of these biomarkers in pathogenesis of oral pyogenic granuloma.