• 대한한의학원전학회지
• /
• 제24권2호
• /
• pp.161-181
• /
• 2011

In spite of the development of scientific and medical technology, the rate of prevalence and death of the chronic disease gets higher. Therefore people come to know prevention is more important than treatment in disease. In Western, it is nearly after 1970's when it is revealed that the major factor of chronic disease comes from habitual behaviors in everyday life. But that is common idea in Oriental Medicine since thousand years. In Oriental Medicine, the main cause of disease is composed of natural factor including climate condition, living-life factor, psycho-social factor, constitutional factor, inbody-pathologic-substance factor, and other factors including habits of using drug and medical service, injury, environmental pollutions, and occupational etiologic factors. Among these, the major factors of disease in modern society are lifestyle factors like the tendency of choosing and intaking food, the level of physical activity and labor, smoking and drinking alcohol, psychological tendency, the habits of using drug and medical service and so on. This is a practical aspect of oriental medicine where the most important etiologic factor comes from human behaviors, not from external factors like germ or virus. So that etiology in Oriental Medicine where improvement in the way of life is needed to prevent disease would play an important role in modern society.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
• /
• 제16권4호
• /
• pp.273-281
• /
• 2016

Background: Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is one of the most common postoperative complications. Despite this, few papers have reported the incidence and independent risk factors associated with PONV in the context of oral and maxillofacial surgery (OMFS). Therefore, we sought to determine the incidence of PONV, as well as to identify risk factors for the condition in patients who had undergone OMFS under general anesthesia. Methods: A total of 372 patients' charts were reviewed, and the following potential risk factors for PONV were analyzed: age, sex, body mass index, smoking status, history of PONV and/or motion sickness, duration of anesthesia, amount of blood loss, nasogastric tube insertion and retention and postoperative opioid used. Univariate analysis was performed, and variables with a P-value less than 0.1 were entered into a multiple logistic regression analysis, wherein P-values < 0.05 were considered significant. Results: The overall incidence of PONV was 25.26%. In the multiple logistic regression analysis, the following variables were independent predictors of PONV: age < 30 years, history of PONV and/or motion sickness, and anesthesia duration > 4 h. Furthermore, the number of risk factors was proportional to the incidence of PONV. Conclusions: The incidence of PONV in patients who have undergone OMFS varies from center to center depending on patient characteristics, as well as on anesthetic and surgical practice. Identifying the independent risk factors for PONV will allow physicians to optimize prophylactic, antiemetic regimens.

• 한국치위생학회지
• /
• 제16권2호
• /
• pp.277-284
• /
• 2016

Objectives: The purpose of the study was to investigate the influencing factors of oral health-related quality of life in social workers. Methods: A self-reported questionnaire was completed by 240 social workers in Gwangju by convenience sampling method. The questionnaire consisted of general characteristics of the subjects(age, monthly salary, smoking, alcohol consumption) and systemic health condition(systemic diseases, medication, oral health status, and stress). The factors associated with oral health-related quality of life included skin dryness, eye dryness, lip dryness, and nasal dryness. The subjective dry mouth consisted of 6 questions measured by visual analogue scale(VAS). Cronbach's alpha was 0.868 in the study. The data were analyzed for t-test, one-way ANOVA and multiple regression analysis using SPSS 18.0 program. Results: The oral health-related quality of life in social workers varied by age, oral health status, stress status, and halitosis. The oral health-related quality of life had positive correlations with the subjective perception of dry mouth and whole body dry symptoms. The health status(${\beta}=-0.410$) had the influence on the oral health-related quality of life, nasal dryness(${\beta}=0.230$), age(${\beta}=0.189$), and halitosis (${\beta}=0.162) in order. Conclusions: The oral health-related quality of life was closely related to the health status and nasal dryness. It is necessary to develop the quality of life improvement programs including oral health prevention and care program in the social workers.

• 한국수산과학회지
• /
• 제39권3호
• /
• pp.278-282
• /
• 2006

The powdered boil-dried oyster (C), the powdered smoke-dried oyster (OS-1) and the powdered smoke-dried oyster scrap (OS-2) were examined for their taste-active components, quality characteristics for potential utilization as a natural flavoring substance. The free amino acid level of OS-l and OS-2 were 395.6 mg/100 g and 551.5 mg/100 g, respectively, and that of betaine of OS-1 and OS-2 were 164.6 mg/100 g and 214.9 mg/100 g, respectively. The contents of inorganic ions were rich in Na, K, P, Ca and Mg in that order. Major free amino acids were taurine, glutamic acid, proline, alanine and glycine. The extract condition of the OS-1 and OS-2 the instant soup was the most appropriate at $98^{\circ}C$ for 1-5 min. The hot water extract of OS-1 and OS-2 with additives such as salt, sugar, pepper and onion powder had a good organoleptic qualities compared with the conventional flavoring substances in a local market. We conclude that powdered smoke-dried oyster and its scrap can be commercialized.

• 대한한의학회지
• /
• 제24권4호
• /
• pp.6-10
• /
• 2003

To investigate the relative risk of obesity factors for stroke imd their correlation, we assessed odds ratio of obesity factors for stroke by univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis. Correlations among obese factors were estimated by Pearson's correlation test. Study subjects were selected stroke Subjects within 1 month after onset and non-stroke referents in Kyung Hoo Medical Center in Seoul. Body mass index, hypertension history, habits of drinking and smoking, waist/hip ratio, total cholesterol and triglyceride were checked once at baseline. In this study, there was no significant difference between referents and stroke subjects in general characteristics except. waist/hip ratio and hypertension. By logistic regression, high waist/hip ratio (OR=7.05; 95％ Cl, 1.70-29.1l) and hypertension (OR=12.90; 95％ Cl, 3.63-45.61) had significant odds ratio in females, as did hypertension (OR=3.36; 95％ Cl, 1.01-11.16) in males. Much more significant correlations among obesity factors were found in stroke subjects than referents. In conclusion, waist/hip ratio was an independent risk factor for stroke in females, and hypertension was a predictor of stroke in all lenders. Interaction of obesity factors could be an important condition for stroke.

• 지역사회간호학회지
• /
• 제17권1호
• /
• pp.112-124
• /
• 2006

Purpose: This study was carried out to investigate the relationships among suicidal risk, self-esteem, and spiritual well-being of high school students, and to provide basic data for developing suicide prevention programs. Method: The subjects of this study were 1.176 high school students from six academic high schools and two technical high schools in Daegu City. Data were collected from the 13th to the 25th of September 2004. The research tools were the Suicide Probability Scale developed by Go. Kim and Lee (2000), the Self-Esteem Inventory modified by Choi and Jeon (1993), and the tool of Spiritual Well-Being modified by Yoo (2002). Data were analyzed with SPSS Windows 11.0. Result: Variables that showed statistically significant difference in suicidal risk were school type, whether to have the best friends, the number of close friends, current relationship with close friends, experience of school violation, respect for the teacher, grades, financial condition, parents marital status, father's education level, mother's education level, home atmosphere, conversation with father, conversation with mother, smoking, drinking, experience of counseling for problems, whether to have physical illnesses, experience of thinking about suicide, experience of attempting suicide. Suicidal risk was in a significantly negative correlation with self-esteem and spiritual well-being. Conclusion: The researcher identified many different variables that affect the suicidal risk of high school students. Self-esteem and spiritual well-being were found to be in a significant correlation with suicidal risk. Therefore, the results of this study can be used as basic data and information for suicidal prevention programs.

• 한국환경보건학회지
• /
• 제35권4호
• /
• pp.287-294
• /
• 2009

This study analysed the mercury concentration in the hair of 62 students (male : 21, female : 41) of D university in Najusi, Jeon-Nam area. Also, questionnaire, which developed by NIES, were completed by the students. According to the questionnaire, most of the students had a higher intake of meat than that of fish. Also, among the students, there were many smokes and many had dental treatment with amalgam. Based on the gender, female showed 1.024 ${\mu}g/g$ and male showed 0.882 ${\mu}g/g$ of the mercury concentration. This means that female students had higher level of mercury in their hair, but it was not a significant statistic difference. Comparing by the intake frequency of meat, processed food stuffs, protein foods, it shows the more they at the higher mercury concentration was observed. According to the intake frequency of fish, when the number of times they intake increased, the mercury concentration was higher. Under one time was 0.857 ${\mu}g/g$ and twice or more times were 1.152 ${\mu}g/g$, which showed a significant statistical difference (p<0.05). Depending on the Life style, the mercury concentration in the hair was high with workout, outdoor activities, and direct smoking. The mercury concentration in the hair showed no difference for whether they received amalgam treatment but the personal dietary habit and the Living condition affects strongly on the mercury concentration level.

• 한국학교보건학회지
• /
• 제15권2호
• /
• pp.263-275
• /
• 2002

This study was conducted to suggest a necessity in student health promotion device by comparing the health status and identifying the environmental health influence of the elementary students in Busan. Five schools were selected as sample group based on the number of air pollutant emitting facilities and whole 6th grade 825 students(391 from industrial area and 434 from residential area) were selected from these elementary school. The data were collected from convenient sample based on written questionnaires from 1st to 30th, Nov, 2001. The student group who lives in an industrial area experiences more the symptoms of the eyes(p=.033) and a cold(p=.000)(p=.015), more frequent indirect smoking condition(p=.023, p=.001), and think ill of the relation about air pollution and health(p=.002), cognition of the surroundings(p=.000), and perception of subjective health status(p=.000). There were not significant differences in the number of student in asthma score by their residents, but there were significant differences at the dwelling term of the students in asthma score(P=.002). According to the above results, there must be a device of preventive treatment and early diagnosis of disease needed for the student in industrial areas because they are in relatively poor health and social economic status than residential areas.

• 한국산업보건학회지
• /
• 제23권3호
• /
• pp.229-242
• /
• 2013

Objectives: This study was designed to investigate the current status of the association of job-related information such as employment status, workplace environment, and hazard material exposures with health examination outcomes. Methods: The study used data from KNHANES 2007-2009 representing the three years of 2007-2009, which was conducted annually using a rolling sampling design that involved a complex, stratified, multistage, probability-cluster survey of a representative sample of the non-institutionalized civilian population in Korea. The final analytical sample consisted of 17,240 participants. Information on age, education, smoking history and alcohol intake was collected during the health interview. Job related information consisted of employment status, workplace environment, and hazardous material exposure. The selected indices of health examination were blood pressure, fasting glucose, blood cholesterol, HDL, SGOT, SGPT, and BUN. Results: In multiple logistic regression analysis using hypertension and pre-hypertension as dependent variables and job related categories as independent variables after covariate adjustments, the odds of hypertension and pre-hypertension were significantly lower in those with responsibility and power in their job activities. Interestingly, low odds for hypertension were observed among those who reported that their jobs were fast-paced. Conclusions: This study confirmed that some job-related categories in employment status, workplace environment, and hazardous material exposure had an association with health outcome status. It is worthwhile to comment that high responsibility and power in job activities were revealed as one of the important favorable factors to improve health condition of workers.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• 제36권2호
• /
• pp.191-199
• /
• 2003

This study was conducted to evaluate nutritional status of Korean women of child-bearing age. A comparison was made between 113 non-pregnant and 200 pregnant women. Pregnant women of 24-28 weeks of gestation were recruited from prenatal clinic in Seoul. Nonpregnant women were included college students, nurses, office employers, and sales women. General characteristics, anthropometric measurements, dietary intakes, and hematological values were assessed. There was no difference in mean BMI for nonpregnant and pregnant (pre-gravid) women, which were 20.2 kg/m$^2$and 20.6 kg/m$^2$respectively. The pregnant women showed a tendency of better health-caring behavior, evidenced by stop smoking and drinking, and in taking nutrient supplements. The mean intakes of energy, vitamin A, vitamin B$_2$, calcium, and iron did not meet Korean RDA for adult women. In particular, calcium and iron intakes of both nonpregnant and pregnant women were under 60% of the Korean RDA. Judging by MDA score, dietary quality was better in pregnant than in nonpregnant women. Mean serum values of albumin, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, Hb, IgA, IgG were in normal range. However, more than 13% of the nonpregnant subjects showed mild hypercholesterolemia (cholesterol > 200 mg/dl) and anemia (Hb < 12.0 g/dl) . The percentage of anemia in pregnant women were much higher; the subject with Hb < 11.0 g/dl were approximately 30%. The pregnant subjects showed significantly higher serum concentrations of triglycerides and cholesterol, and significantly lower concentrations of albumin, IgA, and IgG compared to nonpregnant women. Correlation analysis showed that Hb concentrations were correlated with the intakes of iron- and protein- containing foods such as meat and vegetables. This study strongly suggest that iron-deficient anemia is a major nutrition problem in Korean child-bearing women and this condition is correlated with dietary intakes.