• Journal of Korea Game Society
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.35-42
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• 2013

A new compressed image format is proposed to use a large size of image in mobile games without the constraints of hardware specifications such as memory amount, processing power, which encodes each block of a large size image in scan line order. Using the experiments, we show the effectiveness of proposed method compared with a general PNG in terms of compression ratios and required memory in decoding processes. Also, the loading delay can be reduced by decoding only the displaying area of a large image in run-time.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.599-607
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• 2021

Inactive region means a region filled with invalid pixel values to represent a specific image. Generally, inactive regions are occurred when the non-rectangular formatted images are converted to the rectangular shaped image, especially when 3D images are represented in 2D format. Because these inactive regions highly degrade the compression efficiency, filtering approaches are often applied to the boundaries between active and inactive regions. However, the image characteristics are not carefully considered during filtering. In the proposed method, inactive regions are padded through reinforcement learning that can consider the compression process and the image characteristics. Experimental results show that the proposed method performs an average of 3.4% better than the conventional padding method.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
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• 2022.06a
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• pp.818-820
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• 2022

포인트 클라우드 데이터는 자율 주행 기술, 가상 현실 및 증강 현실에서 사용될 3차원 미디어 중 하나로 각광 받고 있다. 국제 표준화 기구인 MPEG(Moving Picture Expert Group)에서는 포인트 클라우드 데이터의 효율적인 압축을 위해 G-PCC(Geometry-based Point Cloud Compression) 및 V-PCC(Video-based Point Cloud Compression)의 표준화를 진행 중에 있다. 그 중, G-PCC는 본래 단일 프레임의 압축을 수행하는 정지 영상 압축 방식이지만, LiDAR(Light Detection And Ranging) 센서를 통해 획득된 동적 포인트 클라우드 프레임에 대한 압축의 필요성이 대두됨에 따라 G-PCC 그룹에서는 Inter-EM(Exploratory Model)을 신설하여 LiDAR 포인트 클라우드 프레임의 압축에 관한 연구를 시작하였다. Inter-EM의 압축 비트스트림은 G-PCC 비트스트림과 마찬가지로 효과적인 전송 및 소비를 위해 미디어 저장 포맷인 ISOBMFF(ISO-based Media File Format)으로 캡슐화될 수 있다. 이때, 포인트 클라우드 프레임들은 자율 주행 등의 서비스에 사용하기 위해 시간 도메인뿐만 아니라 공간 도메인을 기반으로도 소비될 수 있어야 하지만, 공간 도메인을 기반으로 콘텐츠를 임의 접근하여 소비하는 방식은 기존 2D 영상의 시간 도메인 기반 소비방식과 차이로 인해 기존에 논의된 G-PCC 캡슐화 방안만으로는 지원이 제한된다. 이에, 본 논문에서는 G-PCC 콘텐츠를 공간 도메인에 따라 소비하기 위한 ISOBMFF 캡슐화 방안에 대한 파일 포맷을 제안하고자 한다.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.339-346
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• 2017

Background: In this study, we investigated how to convert the Panax ginseng DNA sequence code and chemical fingerprints into a two-dimensional code. In order to improve the compression efficiency, GATC2Bytes and digital merger compression algorithms are proposed. Methods: HPLC chemical fingerprint data of 10 groups of P. ginseng from Northeast China and the internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) sequence code as the DNA sequence code were ready for conversion. In order to convert such data into a two-dimensional code, the following six steps were performed: First, the chemical fingerprint characteristic data sets were obtained through the inflection filtering algorithm. Second, precompression processing of such data sets is undertaken. Third, precompression processing was undertaken with the P. ginseng DNA (ITS2) sequence codes. Fourth, the precompressed chemical fingerprint data and the DNA (ITS2) sequence code were combined in accordance with the set data format. Such combined data can be compressed by Zlib, an open source data compression algorithm. Finally, the compressed data generated a two-dimensional code called a quick response code (QR code). Results: Through the abovementioned converting process, it can be found that the number of bytes needed for storing P. ginseng chemical fingerprints and its DNA (ITS2) sequence code can be greatly reduced. After GTCA2Bytes algorithm processing, the ITS2 compression rate reaches 75% and the chemical fingerprint compression rate exceeds 99.65% via filtration and digital merger compression algorithm processing. Therefore, the overall compression ratio even exceeds 99.36%. The capacity of the formed QR code is around 0.5k, which can easily and successfully be read and identified by any smartphone. Conclusion: P. ginseng chemical fingerprints and its DNA (ITS2) sequence code can form a QR code after data processing, and therefore the QR code can be a perfect carrier of the authenticity and quality of P. ginseng information. This study provides a theoretical basis for the development of a quality traceability system of traditional Chinese medicine based on a two-dimensional code.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.143-153
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• 2010

When providing high quality panoramic video across the Internet, mobile communications, and broadcasting areas, it requires a suitable video codec that satisfies both high-compression efficiency and random access functionality. The users must have high-compression efficiency in order to enable video streaming of high-volume panoramic data. Random access allows the user to move the viewpoint and direction freely. In this paper, we propose the parallel processing scheme under cell units in order to improve the performance of streaming service for large screen panoramic video in 10Mbps bandwidths based on H.264/AVC with high compression rate. This improved algorithm divides a screen composed of cells less than $256{\times}256$ in size, encodes it, and decodes it with the cells in the present view. At this point, encoding/decoding is parallel processed by the present cell units. Also, since the cells only included in the present view are packed and transmitted, the possible processing of not extricating blocks is proven by experiment.

• Journal of KIISE
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.162-168
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• 2015

Image data is mostly stored in compressed form because of its huge size. Therefore, a series of cumbersome procedures is required to apply a transformation to image data: decompression, extraction of spatial data, transformation and recompression. In this paper, we employ DCT(Discrete Cosine Transform) coefficients to change the spatial presentation of images. DCT is commonly used in still image compression standards such as JPEG and moving picture compression standards such as MPEG-2, MPEG-4, and H.264. In this paper, we derived mathematically the relationship between the geometry transformation in the spatial domain and coefficient changes in the DCT domain and verified it with images in the JPEG file format. Because of the efficiency of transformation in the frequency domain, our findings can be utilized for light-weight partial image encryption for privacy data protection or entertainment contents protection.

• IEIE Transactions on Smart Processing and Computing
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.86-96
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• 2013

VP8, an open web media video format, has recently attractedmuch attention, particularly from major web browser companies, as a video codec for HTML5 on internet due to its good coding efficiency and royalty-free policy. Compared to other video compression schemes such as H.264/AVC, it has several distinctive coding tools that help to ensure good coding efficiency and low decoding complexity. In this paper, we investigate its coding techniques and analyze its rate-distortion (R-D) coding performance as compared to that of H.264/AVC.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.685-695
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• 2008

The Network Mobility (NEMO) and IPv6 over Low power WPAN (6LoWPAN) protocols are the two most important technologies in current networking research and are vital for the future ubiquitous environment. In this paper, we propose a compressed packet header format to support the mobility of 6LoWPAN. Also, a Lightweight NEMO protocol is proposed to minimize the signaling overhead between 6LoWPAN mobile routers and 6LoWPAN gateways by using a compressed mobility header. Performance results show that our Lightweight NEMO protocol can minimize total signaling costs and handoff signaling delay.

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.676-678
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• 2003

Recently, in according as rapid improvement of telecommunication markets and wireless internet technology, Location- Based Services (LBS) have been discussed as new 'Killer' application. The purpose of LBS is to determine location of user through mobile handset and to offer location information service to end-user. This paper has suggested an efficient transmission scheme of maps data as one of the important content services relating to data transmission of LBS in mobile environment. The basic system consists of three parts : (1) GIS (Geographic Information System) Server for storing, processing and handling map data, (2) Middleware Server for transmitting of map data by request of client, and (3) Client for requesting map data to Server and displaying them on handset. Also, in order to transmit map data, we are to expand WKB (Well Known Binary) in conformance to Simple Feature Specification of OGC (Open GIS Consortium), and increase efficiency of data transmission by developing trans mission data format to be able to transmit lightweight data and considering data compression technology.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.49-63
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• 1995

Examination at the spine is dependent on assessment of function. At all spine levels a number of general anatomical considerations hold sway which together dictate the format of the evaluation. Because disc lesions are common and generally responsive to treatment, the examination sets out to differentiate between disc lesions and the other sources of pain as well as establishing the particular treatment that will benefit any given displacement. As elsewhere in the body, displacements give rise to certain characteristic symtoms and signs. First, the history is indicative. Second, any loose fragment in the joint restricts spinal movement in some but not all directions, producing the non-capsular pattern characteristic of internal derangement. Third, a displacement protruding posteriorly interferes with the dura mater ; apart from pain, this adversely affects the dura's normal painless mobility. Fourth, a displacement protruding laterally connects with the appropriate nerve root emerging from the dura mater. Finally, compression of the spinal cord strongly contraindicates manipulation, the primary treatment for cartilaginous displacements.