• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.108-115
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• 1991

A field experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of cattle compost application on the change of soil physical properties and their relationship to yield performance of selected main forage crops. Maize(CV. Suweon 19) and sorghum hybrids(CV. Pioneer 9'31) as a summer crops and winter rye were grown on newly reclaimed red yellow soils(Fine loamy, Typic Hapludults) under different application rate of cattle compost associated with chemical NPK fertilization, from Oct. 1986 to Sept. 1989. Experimental field was laid down as a split plots design with four replications. The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1. Cattle compost application reclaimed soil physical propeties, such as formation of granular structure and water holding capacity, and it result in a great increase of plant growth and the rate of dry matter accumulation. 2. While cattle compost treatment reduced the portion of soild phase of the three phase constituents of soils, it increased the portion of air phase and liquid phase comparatively. 3. Organic matter, N, P, K, and mineral content in soil were markedly increased in the plot treated with compost. 4. Cattle compost application increased fodder production both in maize-rye and sorghum hybrids-rye cultivation. Annual dry matter yield of maize-rye cropping was 2183(NI'K only), 2425(NPK+compvst 3000 kg) and 2800kg/lOa(NPK + compost 6000kg/10a).

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.262-270
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• 2014

본 연구는 바닥재의 농업적 활용성을 증대시키기 위해 바닥재의 안정화 제재로써 축분퇴비를 선발하였고 알타리무의 재배토양에서 바닥재와 축분퇴비의 혼합 시용량에 따른 토양의 화학적 특성, 토양 내 중금속의 함량, 효소활성의 변화 및 알타리무의 수량을 조사하기 위해 실시되었다. 바닥재를 단독으로 시용하였을 때 보다 바닥재와 축분퇴비를 혼합 시용하였을 때 토양의 화학적 특성이 더욱 우수하게 개량되어지는 결과를 나타내었다. 바닥재의 시용량을 증가시킴에 따라 토양 내 수용성 망간과 아연의 함량이 유의적으로 감소하였으며 이러한 효과는 바닥재와 축분퇴비를 혼합 시용하였을 때 더욱 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 바닥재의 시용량 증가는 알타리무 수확 후 토양 내 urease의 활성을 유의적으로 증가시켰다. 바닥재의 단독시용에 비해 바닥재와 축분퇴비의 혼합시용은 urease, dehydrogenase, acidic phosphotase 및 alkaline phosphotase의 활성을 더욱 증가시키는 것으로 나타났다. 바닥재와 축분퇴비의 혼합시용은 알타리무의 수량 감소를 초래하지 않았으며 통계적으로 유의한 차이는 없었지만 수량의 증수를 보였다. 결론적으로 바닥재는 축분퇴비와 혼합하여 사용된다면 밭토양 내 중금속 함량의 증대와 작물수량의 감소 없이 토양의 화학적 특성과 효소활성을 개량할 수 있는 것으로 조사되었다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제45권1호
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• pp.86-92
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• 2012

To promote the practical use of livestock manure compost (LC) for paddy rice cultivation, the fertilization efficiency of nutrients in LCs was investigated compared to that of chemical fertilizer. This experiment was conducted at rice field in Hwaseong, Korea, with 6 treatments by each of 3 kinds of tested LCs, cattle manure compost (CaC), swine manure compost (SwC) and chicken manure compost (ChC). The treatments consisted of 3 application levels of LCs and 3 chemical fertilizer treatments having the same application levels with LCs. $NH_4$-N content in soil became higher according to the increase in the urea application rate, while it became lower in LC plots than in urea plots, and statistically had no significant difference among LC plots. There was a close relationship between phosphate fertilization rate and the increment of soil available phosphate content after experiment resulting y = 0.1788x - 6.169 ($R^2=0.9425$) when applied fused superphosphate fertilizer, and y = 0.0662x - 2.689 ($R^2=0.9315$) when applied LC at the equivalent rates to phosphate input (x: phosphate application rate, kg $ha^{-1}$, y: increment in soil available phosphate content, mg $kg^{-1}$). And from these two equations, the correlation on the phosphate application rate between fused superphosphate fertilizer and LC could be obtained as y = 2.7056x - 52.492 (x: $P_2O_5$ application rate of fused superphosphate, kg $ha^{-1}$, y: $P_2O_5$ application rate of LC, kg $ha^{-1}$). Plant height, number of tillers, nutrients uptake by rice, and rice yield showed higher levels in N 100% and N 150% application plots of chemical fertilizers, while every LC plots exhibited lower values and no significant difference among them. Relative nitrogen fertilization efficiencies of LCs compared to urea was 12.3% for CaC, 8.8 for SwC and 24.6 for ChC, respectively.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제22권11호
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• pp.1509-1517
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• 2013

So far, most studies associated with soil carbon sequestration have been focused on long term aspect. However, information regarding soil carbon sequestration in short term aspect is limited. This study was conducted to determine changes of soil organic carbon content and stability of carbon in response to compost application rate and tillage management during rice growing season(150 days) in short term aspect. Under pot experiment condition, compost was mixed with an arable soil at rates corresponding to 0, 6, 12, and 24 Mg/ha. To determine effect of tillage on soil carbon sequestration, till and no-till treatments were set up in soils amended with application rate of 12 Mg/ha. Compost application and tillage management did not significantly affect soil organic carbon(SOC) content in soil at harvest time. Bulk density of soil was not changed significantly with compost application and tillage management. These might result from short duration of experiment. While hot water extractable organic carbon(HWEOC) content decreased with compost application, humic substances(HS) increased. Below ground biomass of rice increased with application of compost and till operation. From the above results, continuos application of compost and reduce tillage might improve increase in soil organic carbon content and stability of carbon in long term aspect.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제47권5호
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• pp.340-344
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• 2014

Compost and gypsum can be used to ameliorate soil physicochemical properties in reclaimed tidal lands as an organic and inorganic amendment, respectively. To evaluate effects of compost and gypsum on soil water movement and retention as a soil physical property, we measured the soil's saturated hydraulic conductivity and field capacity after treating the soil collected in a reclaimed tidal land with compost and gypsum. Saturated hydraulic conductivity of soil increased when compost was applied at the conventional application rate of $30Mg\;ha^{-1}$. However, the further application of compost insignificantly (P > 0.05) increased saturated hydraulic conductivity. On the other hand, additional gypsum application significantly increased soil saturated hydraulic conductivity while it decreased soil field capacity, implying the possible effect of gypsum on flocculating soil colloidal particles. The results in this study suggested that compost and gypsum can be used to improve hydrological properties of reclaimed tidal lands through increasing soil water retention and movement, respectively.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.260-267
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• 2013

본 연구는 고추재배시험 기간 동안 축분퇴비의 시용량과 비닐멀칭 유무에 따른 토양 유기탄소의 함량 변화와 토양 탄소의 안정화 정도를 조사하기 위해 실시되어졌다. 고추재배기간 동안 퇴비의 시용과 비닐멀칭 처리에 따라 토양 내 유기탄소 함량의 유의한 증가는 발견되어지지 않았다. 또한 퇴비시용과 비닐멀칭 처리에 의한 토양의 물리적 특성 변화는 관찰되지 않았다. 이러한 결과는 본 연구의 짧은 조사기간과 관련이 있는 것으로 판단된다. 그러나 퇴비의 시용에 의해 쉽게 분해 가능한 형태인 열수추출 가능한 탄소의 함량은 유의하게 감소하는 결과를 나타내었다. 추천량인 20 Mg/ha의 퇴비를 시용하였을 때 지하부의 바이오매스 함량이 최대를 나타내었다. 이상의 결과를 미루어 볼 때 장기적으로 추천량의 퇴비를 지속적으로 시용한다면 토양 유기탄소의 함량 증대와 안정화 정도를 향상시킬 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제49권6호
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• pp.682-688
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• 2016

Food waste has recognized one of useful sources for potentially agricultural application to supply organic matter and nutrients in arable soil. However, there was little information on application of food waste compost related to the maturity and NaCl content in arable soil. This study evaluated the effect of food waste compost application on yield and fertility in soil under flooding and upland condition. The yields in rice and pepper cultivation decreased with increasing the rate of food waste compost application in soil (p<0.05). Maximum yields of rice ($49.0g\;plant^{-1}$) and pepper ($204g\;plant^{-1}$) were shown at 10 and $30Mg\;ha^{-1}$ of food waste compost application, respectively. The N, P, and K contents in grain and plant residues increased by the application of food waste compost, there was no difference on Na/K ratio in plant tissue among the treatments. Application of food waste compost resulted in the increase of pH, EC, TC, available P contents in soil after crop harvest, especially, which was shown the increase of the CEC and exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP) contents in irrespective of water condition. In conclusion, application of food waste compost in soil was effective on the supply of the organic matter and nutrient. However, it might need caution to apply food waste compost for sustainable productivity in arable soil because of potential Na accumulation.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.268-273
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• 2015

본 연구는 유류로 오염된 토양의 정화를 위한 생물자극법에서 퇴비의 시용효과를 알아보기 위해 실시되었다. TPH로 오염된 토양에 퇴비를 수준별로 처리 한 후 TPH 함량 변화를 관찰 한 결과, 퇴비 처리량이 증가 할수록 토양 내 TPH 함량이 감소하는 경향이 나타났다. TPH 분해율을 알아보고자 퇴비 처리수준에 따른 TPH 함량 변화를 1차와 2차 kinetics 모델에 적용하여 결정계수(R²)를 비교 한 결과 second order kinetic 모델의 결정계수 값이 잘 적용되었다. 퇴비를 처리하였을 때 seond-order kinetic 모델의 reaction rate constant 값은 퇴비를 30 Mg/ha 이상 처리하였을 때 무처리 보다 4배 정도 높게 나타났으며, 퇴비 처리 수준이 높아질수록 그 값은 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 퇴비의 처리량을 증가시킴에 따라 토양 내 미생물의 수는 증가하는 경향을 나타냈다. 또한 퇴비의 처리량은 토양 내 미생물 수와 TPH 함량의 변화와 밀접한 관계가 있음을 보여주었다. 따라서 TPH로 오염된 토양 내 적합한 양의 퇴비 처리는 토양 내 미생물 수를 증가시켜 TPH 함량의 감소를 가속화시킬 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2001년도 The 6th International Symposium of East Asian Resources Recycling Technology
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• pp.117-121
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• 2001

The present study has been conflicted to verify the applicability of tire powder and food waste compost as biofilter materials to degrade volatile organic compounds. Batch and column tests were performed to determine the optimum ratio of tire powder to compost and the appropriate mixing type of two materials for removal of the selected VOCs, i.e., benzene, ethylbenzene, PCE, and TCE. According to batch tests, tire powder and compost mixture had faster removal rate than the compost. The biofilter column filled with tire powder and compost showed better VOC removal efficiency than that filled with only tire powder. In this study, the best removal rate was observed in the sandwich type column test of which the tire : compost weight ratio was 1:2

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.117-122
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• 2005

논 토양으로부터 발생된 지구온난화 가스의 배출 제어 기술을 구명하기 위하여 논 토양에서 가축분퇴비 및 토양개량제 시용에 따른 온실가스 배출 양상을 검토하였다. 축분퇴비 시용에 따른 $CH_4$ 배출량은 우분퇴비 처리구가 331 kg $ha^{-1}$로 가장 많았으며, 돈분퇴비 시용구는 282 kg $ha^{-1}$, 계분퇴비 시용구는 294 kg $ha^{-1}$이었다. $N_2O$ 배출량은 계분퇴비 시용구가 1.78 kg $ha^{-1}$, 돈분퇴비 시용구가 1.78 kg $ha^{-1}$, 우분퇴비 시용구가 1.60 kg $ha^{-1}$이었다. 반면에 볏짚을 시용한 처리구의 $N_2O$ 배출량은 1.44 kg $ha^{-1}$이었다. 지구온난화 지수(global warming potential : GWP)는 우분퇴비 처리구가 7,447 kg $ha^{-1}$로 가장 많았으며, 돈분퇴비 시용구는 6,474 kg $ha^{-1}$, 계분퇴비 시용구는 6,726 kg $ha^{-1}$ 그리고 볏짚시용구는 6,956 kg $ha^{-1}$이었다. 토양개량제 시용에 의한 온난화 가스 배출시험에서 석회 시용구의 $CH_4$ 배출량은 다근 처리에 비해 373 kg $ha^{-1}$로 가장 많았으며, 규산 시용구는 264 kg $ha^{-1}$, 인공제올라이트 시용구는 239 kg $ha^{-1}$ 그리고 볏짚 시용구는 310 kg ha-1이었다. $N_2O$ 배출량은 석회 시용구가 1.49 kg $ha^{-1}$, 규산 시용구가 1.40 kg $ha^{-1}$, 인공제올라이트 시용구가 1.38 kg $ha^{-1}$이었다. 지구온난화지수(GWP)는 석회 처리구가 8,295 kg $ha^{-1}$, 규산 시용구는 5,978 kg $ha^{-1}$, 인공제올라이트 시용구는 5,447 kg $ha^{-1}$ 그리고 볏짚 시용구는 6,956 kg $ha^{-1}$이었다.