• The Transactions of the Korea Information Processing Society
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.373-384
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• 2000

There are many researches about metrics to measure a quality of Object-Oriented(OO) software. However, most of them have only discussed a concept or properties of metrics, and have not shown the detailed procedure for measuring them. They also define a measurement indicator as a threshold, but it has been influenced on a project size or application domains. In this paper, we propose metrics based on characteristics of OO design such as size, complexity, coupling and cohesion, and use a propotion to an average as the measurement indicator. It is easy to classify classes which have a result above the average, and to predict classes which reduced the quality of OO design. They will be modified to hold the average. Proposed metrics are analytically evaluated by Weyuker's nine properties. They are satisfied with seven properties except two properties co not apply to OO metrics. Also, we design a quality assessment system, ASSOD(ASsessment System of Object oriented Design), to measure the quality of the OO design independent of the platform.

• Hwankyungkyoyuk
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.68-82
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• 2002

My responses to Kim Kyung-Ok's Critique on my critique on the Hungerford approach can be summarized as follows; First, it was argued that possible confusions and misunderstandings around the concept of behavior in REB were mainly caused by Hungerford himself who has used the word in several different ways, from a bunch of overt actions to almost all kinds of responses including cognitive skills, without any clear operational definition of it for more than 20 years. It seems to be needed for future users of the word, 'Behavior' to Prevent unnecessary confusions by providing their operational definition of it. Second, REB is too ambiguous to be a legitimate goal of environmental education and too outcome-oriented to be a meaningful measure for environmental education research. Anyone who accept REB as a goal of EE or a measure for research should clearly suggest procedures and criteria for judging the environmental responsibility of actions under consideration. Third, the Hungerford approach has begun by realizing the limit of a linear traditional behavior change system and has been evolving toward a complex model with dynamic interactions among/between cognitive variables and affective variables. However, it still has one-way structural orientation toward 'Behavior' with no feedbacks. Addition of some feedback processes would make the model more flexible and realistic. Finally, both the Hines model and the Hungeford model were established based on a series of behavioristic studies including three doctoral dissertations equiped with a list of actions which were prejudged to be environmentally responsible by the researchers, not by the learners. What they were primarily interested in was not how mind functions during the learning processes but how learners' behavior can be effectively changed. Considering uncertainty and complexity associated with environmental problems, a great deal of efforts ought to be made toward more context-based and less normative studies applying cognitive psychology and quantitative approaches.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• no.16
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• pp.3-9
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• 1998

The purpose of this research is to empirically validate the IIPS (Interior Image Preference Scale) which is a newly developed visual instrument for evaluating the environmental disposition inherent to individuals especially one's interior image preferences. The questionnaire survey was used. The data were collected from Oct. 10th 1997 to Nov. 14th 1997. The subjects were 399 undergraduate students and 30 professor of Dep. of Interior Design. With respect to content validity and construct validity of IIPS discrimination and similarity structure of scales and characteristics of 12 prototype interior images were examined in comparison with the originals. 429 questionnaires were analyzed using frequency percentage mean and Multi-Dimensional Scales. The major results were as follows (1) All 80 items of IIPS were discriminated by 3 criteria such as Traditionalism·Modernity(TM) Masculinity·Femininty (MF) and Simplicity·Complexity (SC) as expected at the time of the instrument development stage.(2) 12 prototype interior images of the IIPS showed tendency to be accord with descriptors to express them in comparison with the originals (3) All 90 items of IIPS showed a cluster distribution according to the similarity structure of scales. Three subscales of IIPS(e . g. TM MF and SC) were structured pretty well by those 3 dimensions. This research revealed the IIPS to have content validity and construct validity for evaluating of preference of three properties of interior image in empirical research. The IIPS was found to be potential objective tool to measure the interior image preferences.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.595-606
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• 2000

Software metrics evaluate the development process, measure the software development effort, and control the software quality effectively. Moreover in a current status to emphasize reusability, it is necessary to study of cohesion and coupling that plays an important role in evaluating reusability. Object oriented methodology to use the concept like encapsulation, inheritance, and polymorphism demands metrics that are different from existing procedural methodology, so a study for object oriented metrics is in progress at the present time. In this paper, we propose cohesion and coupling metrics for object oriented program, evaluate the proposed metrics by using the complexity properties proposed by Weyuker and Briand, and extract cohesion and coupling from C++ code.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.131-137
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• 2013

Zoom motion estimation of video sequence is very complicated for implementation. In this paper, we propose a method to implement the zoom motion estimation using together the depth camera and color camera. Depth camera obtains the distance information between current block and reference block, then zoom ratio between both blocks is calculated from this distance information. As the reference block is appropriately zoomed by the zoom ratio, the motion estimated difference signal can be reduced. Therefore, the proposed method is possible to increase the accuracy of motion estimation with keeping zoom motion estimation complexity not greater. Simulation was to measure the motion estimation accuracy of the proposed method, we can see the motion estimation error was decreased significantly compared to conventional block matching method.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.66-78
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• 2009

A mobile ultrasound scanner developed for use in point-of-care applications is introduced, which can not only provide ultrasound images but can also measure various bio-signals. The mobile ultrasound scanner is also designed to meet the demanding requirements for point-of-care diagnosis, such as battery-powered operation, portability in terms of size and weigh, and real-time wireless communications capability for remote diagnosis. To meet these requirements, an efficient beamforming method for high resolution imaging with a small number of active elements, a hardware efficient beamformer architecture, and echo processing algorithms with greatly reduced computational complexity have been developed. Experimental results show that the prototype mobile ultrasound scanner is fully functional and satisfies most of the design requirements.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.5-24
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• 2010

Data fusion is an attractive technology because it allows various trade-offs related to performance metrics, e.g., energy, latency, accuracy, fault-tolerance and security in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). Under a complicated environment, each sensor node must be equipped with more than one type of sensor module to monitor multi-targets, so that the complexity for the fusion process is increased due to the existence of various physical attributes. In this paper, we first investigate the process and performance of multi-attribute fusion in data gathering of WSNs, and then propose a self-adaptive threshold method to balance the different change rates of each attributive data. Furthermore, we present a method to measure the energy-conservation efficiency of multi-attribute fusion. Based on our proposed methods, we design a novel energy equilibrium routing method for WSNs, viz., multi-attribute fusion tree (MAFT). Simulation results demonstrate that MAFT achieves very good performance in terms of the network lifetime.

• International Journal of Quality Innovation
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.109-118
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• 2005

The parameter design is the most emphasized measure by researchers for a new products development. It is critical for makers to achieve simultaneously in both the time-to-market production and the quality enhancement. However, there are difficulties in practical application, such as (1) complexity and nonlinear relationships co-existed among the system's inputs, outputs and control parameters, (2) interactions occurred among parameters, (3) where the adjustment factors of Taguchi's two-phase optimization procedure cannot be sure to exist in practice, and (4) for some reasons, the data became lost or were never available. For these incomplete data, the Taguchi methods cannot treat them well. Neural networks have a learning capability of fault tolerance and model free characteristics. These characteristics support the neural networks as a competitive tool in processing multivariable input-output implementation. The successful fields include diagnostics, robotics, scheduling, decision-making, prediction, etc. This research is a case study of spherical annealing model. In the beginning, an original model is used to pre-fix a model of parameter design. Then neural networks are introduced to achieve another model. Study results showed both of them could perform the highest spherical level of quality.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2005.06a
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• pp.276-279
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• 2005

This paper presents a novel cylindrical capacitive sensor (CCS) for both radial and axial motion measurements. Although the new CCS has almost the same geometric configuration as the conventional CCS, the unused axial area of the CCS is utilized to measure the axial motion of the rotor, which can affords more compact design and reduction of the system complexity. First, a theoretical model of the proposed CCS is derived. Based on the derived theoretical model, compensation methods to decouple the radial and axial motion measurements are proposed. In addition, error analysis is performed and a design rule is proposed to guarantee the same accuracy in measuring both radial and axial motions. Finally, a test rig and electronics for the proposed CCS are built and the effectiveness of the proposed CCS is verified with experiments and simulations.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.1222-1228
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• 1998

Most of researchers have tried to find heuristic methods for near-optimal solutions of establishing light paths with minimum number of wavelengths in wavelengh-routed optical networks. In order to provide a performance measure for heuristic approaches, we propose a practical approach for a lower bound of the number of wavelengths which is required to provide full connections in WDM-based optical transport networks. This method is based on a path-flow formulation using K-shortest paths for each connection. Compared with a general link-flow formulation, the proposed method has much lower complexity and so needs much less calcuation tiem while it gives the same results as a general link-flow formulation in some sample networks.