• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.113-122
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• 2000

In order to understand the psychological charateristics of Sasang Constitution. the Korean version of 20-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale(TAS-20K) was completed by 59 sixth grade students of oriental medical college of KyungHee university who defined as one of Sasang constitution from June 2000 to August, and the mean scores of Yangin versus Eumin and Sasang constitution on TAS-20K was compared. The results of this study were as follows.1. Comparison between male and female on Means of TAS-20K ScoreMann-Whitney U test detected no significant differences between mean ranks of TAS-20K scores of male and those of female in F1, F2 and Total, but significant difference in F3(Mann-Whitney U test, t=2.493. p=.018)2. Comparison between Yangin and Eumin on Means of TAS-20K ScoreMann-whitney U test detected no significant differences between mean ranks of TAS-20K scores of Yangin and those of Eumin in F1. F3 and Total, but significant difference in F2(Mann-Whitney U test. t=-2.805. p=.008)3. Comparison among Sasang constitution on Means of TAS-20K ScoreAlthough mean of TAS-20K score of Taeyangin. Soyangin and Soeumin, there were no significant differences among Sasang constitution in F1, F2 and F3 as well as Total when mean ranks of TAS-20K scores of Sasang constitution were compaed by one-way ANOVA.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.45-59
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• 1993

The aims of this study are to develop CAI programs for bodice and sleeve pattern drafting for the 3rd grade students in a middle school and to compare the students’achievement degree in using traditional teaching method with that in using CAI programs. On the basis of results above the direction and possibility of using computers in education home economics is another aim. For this study, after the programs are developed, which is on the model of middle school text book, one hundred girl students of 2nd grade of middle school in Songpa Gu, Seoul, who have never given Bodice and Sleep Pattern Drafting lesson are chosen. The students are divided into two groups: one is called comparison group, which is taught by traditional method, the other, experimental group, which is taught by CAI programs. To evalute the learning achivement degree, evaluation test, effectiveness of learning and interest degree test and time test are given. Questionaire investigation about CAI program is given to experimental group. The results of this study are as follows: 1. CAI programs on pattern drafting are developed and can be used in the class. 2. In the tests of achievement degree, of effectiveness, and of interest the experimental group gets higher scores than the comparison group. 3. In the time test about how many students can draft the pattern in a given time, in every step more students in experimental group finished drafting than the comparison group. 4. The students showed interest in CAI programs and played an active part in the using computers. Therefore, using CAI programs in the class of pattern drafting saved the teachers lots of difficulties and enables individual learning improving the effectiveness of learning. I hope the studies of CAI will be established in other field as well as Home Economics, especially clothing part, and computers will be used lively

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.5 no.5
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• pp.435-443
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• 2010

When testing systems that incorporate probabilistic behavior, it is necessary to apply test inputs a number of times in order to give a test verdict. Interval estimation can be used to assert the correctness of probabilities where the selection of confidence interval is one of the important issues for quality of testing. The Wald interval has been widely accepted for interval estimation. In this paper, we compare the Wald interval and the Agresti-Coull interval for various sizes of samples. The comparison is carried out based on the test pass probability of correct implementations and the test fail probability of incorrect implementations when these confidence intervals are used for probability testing. We consider two-sided confidence intervals to check if the probability is close to a given value. Also one-sided confidence intervals are considered in the comparison in order to check if the probability is not less than a given value. When testing probabilities using two-sided confidence intervals, we recommend the Agresti-Coull interval. For one-sided confidence intervals, the Agresti-Coull interval is recommended when the size of samples is large while either one of two confidence intervals can be used for small size samples.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.43-55
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• 1996

The purpose of this study was to investigate the slacks pattern making on the movement-fitness of the knee region. The experimental items were divided into the lower limb movement (M1~M5) and slacks pattern designs (4 : basic pattern, in-pleats, side-pleats, seam-line increase). This study was done by clothing pressure test, sensory evaluation test and the difference shape-transformation of wearing-slacks. The summarized finding resulted from experiments and investigation are suggested as follows ; First, the clothing pressure test showed that the order of clothing pressure in the movement was the rabbit leap movement (M3), the sit on knees (M4), the nobleman sitting (M5), the sit on chair (M2) from the highest to the lowest. In the comparison of clothing pressure tested by blocks of lower-limb, center front knee region shows the highest of 300g/cm2. In it by constructional methods, the clothing pressure of in-pleats, side-pleats methods shows lower than basic pattern, hem-line increase methods. Also in comparison of the two methods, in-pleats method shows lower than side-pleats method. Second, by the sensory evaluation test based on the lower-limb movements and constructional methods of slacks, it was found that the functional factor score of the rabbit leap movement was also the waist, hip, knee region was the lowest in all blocks. And in the comparison of constructional methods, in-pleats method was the highest in all methods. Third, in consideration of the difference in the shape-transformation of wearing-slacks on the movement-fitness, pleats pattern design methods showed that the ratio of shape-transformation was lower than basic on seam-line increase methods. But the difference of the side-pleats and in-pleats methods was litle. According to these investigation, the slacks pattern making caused by movement-fitness on the knee region, in-pleats design method was the functional slacks pattern.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.39-45
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• 2005

Tracking is an experimental paradigm that can be used to study information processing in continuous movements involving accurate, ongoing control of motor performance. The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of knee tracking performance. Six patients with hemiplegia and six age-matched controls participated in the study. The tracking test was administrated. It was composed with regular ranges of $0^{\circ}C$ to $40^{\circ}C$ and randomized range .2 to .4 Hz. Using the Mann-Whitney U test, a comparison was made between subjects who had suffered from stroke and subjects who were well coordinated. The Wilcoxon Matched Pairs Signed Ranks Test was used to compare and analyze the paretic and nonparetic sides of the stroke patients. The results of study were as follows: accuracy index of the tracking test was significantly higher on the control side than paretic and nonparetic sides. Accuracy index scores were significantly higher for nonparetic sides with stroke compared with paretic sides with stroke. This study shows tracking is impaired in paretic and nonparetic knee of subjects with stroke.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.347-356
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• 2015

Purpose: In this study, the effectiveness of a motivational interviewing smoking cessation YOU-TURN program for adolescents was examined. The program was based on the self-determination theory. Methods: The study was carried out with a nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design. Participants in the present study were 136 high school students living in D city. The students were assigned to the experimental group (n=52) who participated in the motivational interviewing smoking cessation YOU-TURN program based on self-determination theory, or to the control group (n=84) who participated in a general smoking cessation program. Data were collected from September 1, 2013 through April 30, 2014. Collected data were analyzed using SPSS PC+ 21.0 with Chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, Repeated Measures ANOVA, and MANOVA-Wilk's Lambda. Results: The experimental group had a significant increase in basic psychological needs, and duration of quitting-smoking in comparison with the control group. The experimental group had a significant decrease in cigarettes smoked per day and cotinine in urine in comparison with the control group. Conclusion: The motivational interviewing YOU-TURN program, when delivered to adolescents who smoked, was effective in discouraging smoking, and can be utilized as an effective nursing intervention for adolescents who smoke.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.49-55
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate influence of contract-relax exercise on functional leg length inequality (FLLI) and muscle activity. Methods: The subjects were consisted of 40 healthy adults who had FLLI of which degree was at least 10mm. All subjects were randomly assigned to two groups : Contract-Relax Exercise (CRE) group (n=20), control group (n=20). The experimental group underwent CRE for 3 times a week for 4 weeks. Myosystem 1200 was used to measure the activity of rectus femoris and hamstring muscle. The tape measure method was used to measure FLLI. Statistical analysis was used repeated ANOVA know comparison of period, independent T-est know comparison of experiment group and control group. Results: All measurements for each subject took the following test : pre-test, post-test in 2 weeks, post-test in 4 weeks. The FLLI of the experimental group was significantly reduced according to within intervention period (p<0.05). Rectus femoris and hamstring muscle activity of the experimental group was significantly increased (p<0.05). Conclusion: The CRE can reduce FLLI and increase rectus femoris and hamstring muscle activity. Various contract-relax exercise for reduced of FLLI and the methods should be customized for the patients.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.13-16
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• 2014

This study aims to examine the effects of watching 2D and 3D images on the blink rate. Regarding the image watch, their blink rate for 2D and 3D images was separately checked for 1 minute in the 1m distance, before the watch, after 15 minutes of watch, and after 30 minutes of watch. About the change of their blink rate in the 2D image watch, it tended to become higher than that before watching the image; however, there was no statistical significance (paired t-test, p=0.106, p=0.062). And in the 2D image watch, it tended to increase in comparison between after 15 minutes and after 30 minutes, but there was no statistical significance (paired t-test, p=0.623). Meanwhile, about the change of their blink rate in the 3D image watch, it tended to decrease statistically significantly both after 15 minutes and after 30 minutes when compared with that before watching the image (paired t-test, p=0.000, p=0.000). In the 3D image watch, it tended to increase in comparison between after 15 minutes and after 30 minutes; however, there was no statistical significance (paired t-test, p=0.867).

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.550-554
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• 2007

A one-dimensional heat transfer model coupled with parameter estimation is developed in this study to predict the effective thermal conductivities of soil formation and borehole resistances from in situ field test data. In this application a new method of using initial ignoring time(IIT) obtained from error estimation is tried and turned out to be successful in determining soil thermal conductivities. The validity of this model is accomplished through comparison of the predicted temperature profiles of the model with the data from laboratory scale experimental setting. Eleven test boreholes were constructed in Ochang, Chungcheong Buk Do, and thermal response test was carried out with each borehole. The results of the in situ tests were analyzed with our 1-D numerical model and compared with the results of line source method. The comparison shows that the thermal properties from line source method is a little lower (${\sim}95%$)than those from numerical method. The reason of such result seems to be the lower thermal conductivity of grout material, which is not counted in line source method.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.253-265
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• 2014

Purpose: This study was done to develop and evaluate a smartphone application for the medication confirmation of high-alert medications. Methods: A nonequivalent control group non-synchronized design was used for this study. Participants in the treatment group used the application for four weeks. Data were analyzed using descriptive analysis, ${\chi}^2$-test, and t-test for the homogeneity of participants, and a paired t-test for effectiveness in each group with the SPSS 18.0. Results: Stability of medication administration was estimated by knowledge and certainty, ranged from a score of one to three. A correct answer with high certainty was coded as high stability, low certainty regardless of correct answer was coded as a moderate stability, and incorrect answers with high certainty were rated as low stability. There were no differences in 'knowledge of high alert medication', 'Certainty of knowledge', 'stability of medication administration', 'confidence of single checking medication', and 'medication safety activities' between the treatment group and the comparison group. The treatment group reported a greater difference between pretest and post-test in 'certainty of medication knowledge' (t=3.51, p=.001) than the comparison group. Conclusion: Smartphone application for medication confirmation of high-alert medications will provide an important platform for reducing medication errors risk.