• 제목/요약/키워드: Community-Acquired Pneumonia

검색결과 92건 처리시간 0.031초

A Case of Posterior Mediastinal Plasmacytoma Confounded by Community-Acquired Pneumonia

  • Heo, Dahee;Boo, Ki Yung;Jwa, Hyeyoung;Lee, Hwa Young;Kim, Jihyun;Kim, Seong Taeg;Seo, Hye Mi;Han, Sang Hoon;Maeng, Young-Hee;Lee, Jong Hoo
    • Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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    • 제78권3호
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    • pp.262-266
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    • 2015
  • Plasmacytomas are extramedullary accumulations of plasma cells originating from soft tissue. Mediastinal plasmacytoma is a rare presentation. A 67-year-old man recovered after antibiotic treatment for community-acquired pneumonia. However, on convalescent chest radiography after 3 months, mass like lesion at the right lower lung field was newly detected. Follow-up chest computed tomography (CT) revealed an increase in the extent of the right posterior mediastinal mass that we had considered to be pneumonic consolidations on previous CT scans. Through percutaneous needle biopsy, we diagnosed IgG kappa type extramedullary plasmacytoma of the posterior mediastinum.

지역 사회 획득성 폐렴에 동반된 횡문근 융해증 1예 (A Case of Rhabdomyolysis with Community Acquired Pneumonia)

  • 강영애;임재준;김영환;한성구;심영수;유철규
    • Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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    • 제58권1호
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    • pp.59-63
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    • 2005
  • 67세 남자가 발열과 기침, 호흡곤란을 주소로 내원하였고 지역 사회 획득성 폐렴 의심 하에 항생제 치료를 시작하였다. 입원 경과 중 하지 근위약감과 혈청 CK 상승, 마이오글로빈뇨를 보여 지역 사회 획득성 폐렴에 동반된 횡문근 융해증 의심 하에 항생제 치료와 횡문근 융해증에 대한 보존적 치료를 유지하였다. 이후 폐렴의 호전과 함께 횡문근 융해증도 호전되어 퇴원하였다.

한국 만성폐쇄성폐질환 환자 대상 임상 연구를 위한 온라인 등록 시스템 구축 (Development of Online Registration System for Clinical Research on Korea COPD Population)

  • 박지숙
    • 인터넷정보학회논문지
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    • 제22권1호
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    • pp.89-98
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    • 2021
  • 지역사회획득폐렴은 만성폐쇄성페질환 환자 사망의 중요 원인 질환이며 폐렴구균은 폐렴의 중요 원인균이다. 폐렴구균에 의한 폐렴을 예방하는 대표적인 방법으로는 폐렴구균백신과 독감백신의 접종을 들 수 있다. 국내 주요 7개 대학병원에서는 전향적, 다기관, 코호트 연구를 통하여 폐렴으로 입원한 만성폐쇄성폐질환 환자를 대상으로 폐렴구균예방접종과 독감예방접종여부에 따라 폐렴의 중증도에 차이가 있는지에 대해 연구하였다. 본 연구의 목적은 다기관 연구자들이 만성폐쇄성폐질환 환자의 데이터를 효과적으로 수집하고 관리하도록 도움을 주는 온라인 등록 시스템을 구축하는 것이다. 본 연구에서는 기존의 오프라인 임상 연구의 단점을 보완하기 위해 정확한 데이터의 입력과 편리한 데이터 완성, 그리고 실시간 데이터 관리 등의 세 가지 기본 전략을 제시하였다. 개발된 온라인 등록 시스템은 다기관 임상 연구에 활용되어 그 성능을 평가받았다.

Community-acquired Achromobacter xylosoxidans infection presenting as a cavitary lung disease in an immunocompetent patient

  • Hwang, Chan Hee;Kim, Woo Jin;Jwa, Hye Young;Song, Sung Heon
    • Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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    • 제37권1호
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    • pp.54-58
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    • 2020
  • Achromobacter xylosoxidans is a gram-negative bacterium that can oxidize xylose. It is commonly found in contaminated soil and water but does not normally infect immunocompetent humans. We report a case of a cavitary lung lesion associated with community-acquired A. xylosoxidans infection, which mimicked pulmonary tuberculosis or lung cancer in an immunocompetent man. The patient was hospitalized due to hemoptysis, and chest computed tomography (CT) revealed a cavitary lesion in the superior segment of the left lower lobe. We performed bronchoscopy and bronchial washing, and subsequent bacterial cultures excluded pulmonary tuberculosis and identified A. xylosoxidans. We performed antibiotic sensitivity testing and treated the patient with a 6-week course of amoxicillin/clavulanate. After 2 months, follow-up chest CT revealed complete resolution of the cavitary lesion.

중증 지역사회획득 폐렴환자의 예후에 영향을 미치는 면역지표에 대한 연구 (Prospective Study of the Immunologic Factors Affecting the Prognosis of Severe Community-Acquired Pneumonia)

  • 황재경;이호명;송광식;박계영;박정웅;박재경;정성환;안정열;서일혜;남귀현
    • Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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    • 제50권4호
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    • pp.437-449
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    • 2001
  • 연구배경 : 중증 지역사회획득 폐렴환자에서 어떤 면역학적 요인이 중요한 예후 인자로 작용하는지와 그에 대한 예방과 개선방법을 알아보기 위해 연구를 시행하였다. 방 법 : 중증 폐렴환자 23명을 임상경과에 따라 회복군(n=16)과 사망군(n=7) 으로 나눈 후, 말초혈액에서 전혈구검사, 혈청 생화학검사, 면역글로블린, 보체, 림프구 아세포군 검사, 객담 및 혈액배양검사, 소변검사, 흉부 x-선 검사등을 시행하였다. 결 과 : 1) 양 군에서 말초혈액검사상 림프구감소증 소견이 있었다(림프구 평균 회복군 $995.6{\pm}505.7/mm^3$, 사망군 $624.0{\pm}287.6/mm^3$, p=0.18). 2) 양 군 모두 T 림프구가 감소되었고, 특히 사망군의 T 림프구수가 통계학적으로 유의하게 감소된 소견을 보여주었다(회복군 $723.6{\pm}406.5/mm^3$, 사망군 $295.9{\pm}203.0/mm^3$, p<0.05). 3) 혈청 생화학 검사상 단백질, 알부민이 정상치에 비해 감소되었으며(protein/ albumin 회복군 $6.0{\pm}1.0/2.7{\pm}0.7$, 사망군 $5.2{\pm}1.5/2.3{\pm}0.8$ 단위 : $g/d{\ell}$), 혈중 요소질소 수치는 회복군 $18.9{\pm}9.8mg/d{\ell}$, 사망군 $41.7{\pm}30.0mg/d{\ell}$으로 사망군에서 통계학적으로 의미있게 증가되었고(p<0.05), 혈청 크레아티닌은 회복군 $1.0{\pm}0.3mg/d{\ell}$, 사망군 $1.8{\pm}1.0mg/d{\ell}$으로, 사망군이 역시 의미있게 증가되어 있음을 보여주었다(p<0.05). 4) 면역글로블린 G는 회복군보다 사망군에서 유의하게 감소되어 있었다(IgG 회복군 $1433.0{\pm}729.5mg/d{\ell}$, 사망군 $849.1{\pm}373.1mg/d{\ell}$, p<0.05). 5) 보체 $C_3$, $C_4$의 수치가 모두 정상보다 떨어져 있었으며, 회복군에 비해 사망군에서 감소를 보였으나 통계학적 의의는 없었다. 6) Cytokine 연구 결과는 TNF-$\alpha$, IFN-$\gamma$, IL-2, IL-10을 측정하였으나 두 군간에 유의한 차이는 없었다. 7) 만성 간질환, 당뇨, 만성 폐쇄성 폐절환이 양 군에서 주요 기저질환이였다. 결 론 : 이상의 결과는 중증 지역사회획득 폐렴환자에서 T 림프구수치 특히, $T_8$ 림프구의 감소, $T_4/T_8$ 비율의 증가, 면역글로블린 G 감소, 혈중 요소질소 수치 증가, 혈청 크레아티닌이 증가된 소견은 나쁜 예후인자와 관련되는 것으로 추정된다.

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만성폐쇄성폐질환에 폐렴과 급성악화로 입원한 환자의 임상적 특성 및 예후 비교 (Comparisons of Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes in COPD Patients Hospitalized with Community-acquired Pneumonia and Acute Exacerbation)

  • 정승욱;이재희;최금주;황보엽;김이영;이윤지;윤원경;김민;차승익;박재용;정태훈;김창호
    • Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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    • 제69권1호
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    • pp.31-38
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    • 2010
  • Background: Data comparing the clinical characteristics and outcomes in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP-COPD) and acute exacerbation (AECOPD) are very limited. Methods: Eighty episodes of hospitalization in 65 CAP-COPD patients, and 111 episodes of hospitalization in 82 AE-COPD patients were included in this study. The baseline characteristics, clinical presentations, potential bacterial pathogens and clinical outcomes in these patients were retrospectively reviewed and compared. Results: No significant differences were found between the two groups in parameters related to COPD and co-morbidities, except a higher rate of male among CAP-COPD patients. Clinical presentations by symptoms and laboratory findings on admission were significantly more severe in CAP-COPD patients, who showed higher rates of fever and crepitation, but less wheezing than AE-COPD patients. S. pneumoniae and P. aeruginosae were the most common bacterial pathogens in both groups. With no difference in the overall hospital mortality between both groups, the mean length of hospital stay was significantly longer in the CAP-COPD patients than in AE-COPD patients (15.3 vs. 9.8 days, respectively, p<0.01). Additional analysis on CAP-COPD patients showed that systemic steroid use did not influence the length of hospital stay. Conclusion: Although there was no significant difference in bacterial pathogens and overall hospital mortality between the two groups, CAP-COPD patients had more severe clinical symptoms and laboratory findings at presentation, and longer hospital stay than AE-COPD patients.

목포지역에서의 지역사회 획득 폐렴의 임상적 연구 (A Clinical Investigation of Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Mokpo Area)

  • 윤지호;이동채;이한슬;김병훈;이종효;김지운
    • Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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    • 제51권1호
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    • pp.17-24
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    • 2001
  • 연구목적 : 목포지역에서 발생하는 지역사회 폐렴의 원인균주, 임상상, 기저질환, 치료경과 등을 알아보기위해 목포가톨릭병원에서 폐렴으로 진단된 환자를 전향적으로 검토하였다. 방 법 : 1995년 12월부터 1997년 3월까지 16개월간 목포 가톨릭병원에서 폐렴으로 진단된 35예의 나이, 성별, 기저질환, 세균학적 검사, 항체검사 및 항생제 치료성적을 증상발현 시기, 흉통, 오한등을 지표로 전형적 폐렴과 비전형적 폐렴으로 구분하여 전향적으로 연구하였다. 결 과 : 대상환자 35예에서 성별빈도는 남자 21예(60%), 여자 14예(40%) 였으며, 연령은 50세 이상이 24예(69%) 였다. 원인균주를 객담, 혈액배양, 특이항체 검사에서 밝혀진 예는 11예였으며, 균주를 관찰할 수 없었던 경우가 24예였다. 기저질환의 경우 10예에서 있었으며 알콜중독, 폐결핵, 당뇨병, 간경화 등이 해당되었다. 치료는 경험적으로 항생제를 사용하여 전예에서 완치되었다. 결 론 : 항생제 개발과 더불어 폐렴의 임상상의 변화, 원인균주의 변화 및 새로운 내성균의 출현 등을 고려할 때, 지역사회 폐렴의 치료는 정확한 원인균주의 동정과 감수성 검사를 바탕으로 시행하여야 하나, 임상적으로는 경험적 치료가 중요하다고 사료되며 더 많은 전향적인 연구가 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

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Pleural Infection and Empyema

  • Kwon, Yong Soo
    • Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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    • 제76권4호
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    • pp.160-162
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    • 2014
  • Increasing incidence of pleural infection has been reported worldwide in recent decades. The pathogens responsible for pleural infection are changing and differ from those in community acquired pneumonia. The main treatments for pleural infection are antibiotics and drainage of infected pleural fluid. The efficacy of intrapleural fibrinolytics remains unclear, although a recent randomized control study showed that the novel combination of tissue plasminogen activator and deoxyribonuclease had improved clinical outcomes. Surgical drainage is a critical treatment in patient with progression of sepsis and failure in tube drainage.

$Mycoplasma$ $pneumoniae$ pneumonia in children

  • Youn, You-Sook;Lee, Kyung-Yil
    • Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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    • 제55권2호
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    • pp.42-47
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    • 2012
  • $Mycoplasma$ $pneumoniae$ (MP), the smallest self-replicating biological system, is a common cause of upper and lower respiratory tract infections, leading to a wide range of pulmonary and extra-pulmonary manifestations. MP pneumonia has been reported in 10 to 40% of cases of community-acquired pneumonia and shows an even higher proportion during epidemics. MP infection is endemic in larger communities of the world with cyclic epidemics every 3 to 7 years. In Korea, 3 to 4-year cycles have been observed from the mid-1980s to present. Although a variety of serologic assays and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) techniques are available for the diagnosis of MP infections, early diagnosis of MP pneumonia is limited by the lack of immunoglobulin (Ig) M antibodies and variable PCR results in the early stages of the infection. Thus, short-term paired IgM serologic tests may be mandatory for an early and definitive diagnosis. MP infection is usually a mild and self-limiting disease without specific treatment, and if needed, macrolides are generally used as a first-choice drug for children. Recently, macrolide-resistant MP strains have been reported worldwide. However, there are few reports of apparent treatment failure, such as progression of pneumonia to acute respiratory distress syndrome despite macrolide treatment. The immunopathogenesis of MP pneumonia is believed to be a hyperimmune reaction of the host to the insults from MP infection, including cytokine overproduction and immune cell activation (T cells). In this context, immunomodulatory treatment (corticosteroids or/and intravenous Ig), in addition to antibiotic treatment, might be considered for patients with severe infection.

Mechanism of resistance acquisition and treatment of macrolide-resistant Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in children

  • Yang, Hyeon-Jong;Song, Dae Jin;Shim, Jung Yeon
    • Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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    • 제60권6호
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    • pp.167-174
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    • 2017
  • Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP) is one of the most common forms of community-acquired pneumonia in children and adolescents. Outbreaks of MPP occur in 3- to 7-year cycles worldwide; recent epidemics in Korea occurred in 2006-2007, 2011, and 2015-2016. Although MPP is known to be a mild, self-limiting disease with a good response to macrolides, it can also progress into a severe and fulminant disease. Notably, since 2000, the prevalence of macrolide-resistant MPP has rapidly increased, especially in Asian countries, recently reaching up to 80%-90%. Macrolide-resistant Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MRMP) harbors a point mutation in domain V of 23S rRNA with substitutions mainly detected at positions 2063 and 2064 of the sequence. The excessive use of macrolides may contribute to these mutations. MRMP can lead to clinically refractory pneumonia, showing no clinical or radiological response to macrolides, and can progress to severe and complicated pneumonia. Refractory MPP is characterized by an excessive immune response against the pathogen as well as direct injury caused by an increasing bacterial load. A change of antibiotics is recommended to reduce the bacterial load. Tetracyclines or quinolones can be alternatives for treating MRMP. Otherwise, corticosteroid or intravenous immunoglobulin can be added to the treatment regimen as immunomodulators to downregulate an excessive host immune reaction and alleviate immune-mediated pulmonary injury. However, the exact starting time point, dose, or duration of immunomodulators has not been established. This review focuses on the mechanism of resistance acquisition and treatment options for MRMP pneumonia.