• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.24 no.10A
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• pp.1501-1506
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• 1999

DSRC(Dedicated Short Range Communications), which is a radio mobile communication protocol in ITS, is suited for traffic related information services. But in WAC(Wide-Area wireless communications), we could consider a conventional communication infrastructure in the case of supporting other applications besides ITS. Especially considering the current the trends to introduce wireless internet service into the mobile communication network, wireless internet service in ITS system is valuable. Although ITS LLC(Logical Link Control) protocols recommended by Europe and Japan are effective for traffic related services, it is not suitable for services related with geographical information, image or internet. That is because the data traffic characteristics is changed according to service types. Therefore we suggest a logical link control algorithm effective for traffic information related services as well as internet web service, and analyze its performance. As a result of numerical analysis and simulation, proposed algorithm shows larger performance improvements. For traffic information related services, the performance of DSRC LLC recommended by Europe and Japan is the same as that of proposed LLC protocol. However, for wireless internet web service, the performance of proposed protocol is much better than that of LLC protocol used in Europe and Japan.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.651-669
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• 2013

In this paper, we study a novel routing algorithm based on load balancing for multi-channel wireless mesh networks. In order to increase the network capacity and reduce the interference of transmission streams and the communication delay, on the basis of weighted cumulative expected transmission time (WCETT) routing metric this paper proposes an improved routing metric based on load balancing and channel interference (LBI_WCETT), which considers the channel interference, channel diversity, link load and the latency brought by channel switching. Meanwhile, in order to utilize the multi-channel strategy efficiently in wireless mesh networks, a new channel allocation algorithm is proposed. This channel allocation algorithm utilizes the conflict graph model and considers the initial link load estimation and the potential interference of the link to assign a channel for each link in the wireless mesh network. It also utilizes the channel utilization percentage of the virtual link in its interference range as the channel selection standard. Simulation results show that the LBI_WCETT routing metric can help increase the network capacity effectively, reduce the average end to end delay, and improve the network performance.

• Journal of The Institute of Information and Telecommunication Facilities Engineering
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.7-13
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• 2005

In this paper, we propose the time synchronization module on fiber optic repeater to use optic line delay for obtaining time synchronization between up-link and down-link, in the 2.3 GHz WiBro network using TDD/OFDM (Time Division Duplex/Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) Generally, when we use fiber optic repeater to remove the shade area, it occurs transmission delay which is caused by optic transmission between RAS (Radio Access Station) and fiber optic repeater and inner delay of fiber optic repeater. Because the WiBro system is adopting a TOO method and there exists the difference of switching time which is caused by these delay between up-link and down-link, it occurs ISI (Inter Symbol Interference), ICI (Inter Carrier Interference). These interference results in the reduction of the coverage. And the inconsistency between Up-Link and Down-Link switching time maybe gives rise to the interruption of communication. In order to prevent these cases, we propose synchronization module using analog optic line delay as the one of synchronizing up-link and down-link. And we propose the consideration factor for the designing time synchronization module and the feature of optic line of analog method. The measurement result of optic line time synchronization module of structure proposed is as follows, the delay error of $0.5{\mu}g$ and the insertion loss value below maximum 4.5dB in range of $0{\sim}40{\mu}s$. These results fully meet the specification of WiBro System.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.11 no.8
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• pp.1465-1471
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• 2007

The electro-magnetic wave propagates through the air in the terrestrial communications, but the acoustic wave propagates through the seawater in the underwater acoustic communication(UAC). It makes the differences between the UAC link and the well hon air communication links. In this paper, we have studied path loss, absorption and ambient noise of the ocean as a medium for UAC. We have analyzed the absorption coefficient and ambient noise level of the coastal area of South Korea and suggested a strategy for the selection of the frequency band by considering the absorption coefficient and ambient noise level. Also, we present an illustrative example of a link budget for the QPSK UAC system which has carrier frequency 25kHz, bit rate 10kbps, range 1km and BER $10^{-3}$ in the shallow water environment with an ideal AWGN assumption.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.40 no.5
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• pp.809-811
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• 2015

In this paper, for the purpose of providing high data rate services, the multi-hop frame structure is designed for the underwater acoustic (UWA) short-range system which is proposed as a part of ocean surveillance and tracking network (OSTN). Under the measured underwater channel environment, the link-level system performance are also evaluated. Simulation results show not only the packet error rate (PER) comparisons, but the optimal modulation and coding scheme (MCS) levels for the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) based short-range UWA communications network.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.430-435
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• 2007

In this paper, we propose an intelligent deployment of sensor network for reliable communication. The proposed method determines optimal transmission range based on the wireless channel characteristics, and searches the optimal number of sensor nodes, and optimal locations with SOFM. We calculate PRR against a distance uses the log-normal path loss model, and decide the communication range of sensor node from PRR. In order to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method, we performed simulations on the searching for intelligent deployment and checking for link condition of sensor network.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.491-499
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• 2017

The Information & Communication Technology (ICT) and the Internet of Things (IoT) have become the major issues in Republic of Korea recently. While RS-232, Zigbee, and WiFi-related technologies are used in the ICT-based systems, we focus on the Power Line Communication (PLC) in this paper. By carrying out OPNET simulations, we've implemented the PLC Router Node Model, PLC Terminal Node Model, PLC Link Model, and PLC Palette Model and executed the simulations arranging 20 holds within the range of 400m (20m apart). As a result, we confirmed that the slient node problem had occurred at the point of 200m-2000m (as of 2016) distance preventing further communications. However, the control group, by contrast, was able to carry out the communications by installing a router. We expect that this paper will contribute to the development of a foundation technology which will saves costs by performing the simulation prior to building actual large-scale ICT Complex in the future work.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.15 no.12
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• pp.1464-1474
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• 2012

In this paper, we propose a QoS (Quality of Service)-aware and cooperative resource reservation scheme using cross-layer link adaptation for wireless high definition video transmission through UWB (Ultra Wide Band) network with D-MAC (Distributed Medium Access Control). A wireless high definition video transmission system usually requires stable high throughput even without line-of-sight, e.g., a destination device in another room separated by a wall. Since the WiMedia D-MAC supporting DRP (Distributed Reservation Protocol) scheme causes lots of DRP resource reservation conflicts due to failure of beacon detection in wireless channel environment, overall performances of the WiMedia D-MAC can be deteriorated. And the current WiMedia MAC standard has not considered QoS provisioning even though QoS parameters such as a range of service rates are provided to each traffic stream. Therefore, we propose Relay DRP protocol with QoS-based relay node selection criterion, which makes a relay path to avoid DRP resource reservation conflicts and guarantee QoS more stably through cross-layer link adaptation of cooperative relay transmission scheme and is compliant with the current WiMedia D-MAC protocol. Simulation results demonstrate performance improvements of the proposed method for throughput and QoS provisioning.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.5 no.8
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• pp.1388-1403
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• 2011

A vehicular ad-hoc network (VANET) consists of vehicles that form a network without any additional infrastructure, thus allowing the vehicles to communicate with each other. VANETs have unique characteristics, including high node mobility and rapidly changing network topology. Because of these characteristics, routing algorithms based on greedy forwarding such as greedy perimeter stateless routing (GPSR) are known to be very suitable for a VANET. However, greedy forwarding just selects the node nearest to the destination node as a relay node within its transmission range. This increases the possibility of a local maximum and link loss because of the high mobility of vehicles and the road characteristics in urban areas. Therefore, this paper proposes a reliability-improving position-based routing (RIPR) algorithm to solve those problems. The RIPR algorithm predicts the positions, velocities, and moving directions of vehicles after receiving beacon messages, and estimates information about road characteristics to select the relay node. Thus, it can reduce the possibility of getting a local maximum and link breakage. Simulation results using ns-2 revealed that the proposed routing protocol performs much better than the existing routing protocols based on greedy forwarding.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.38-48
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• 2017

Link attributes, such as speed, occupancy, and flow, are essential factors for transportation planning and operation. It is, therefore, one of the most important decision-making problems in intelligent transport system (ITS) to determine the optimal location of a sensor for collecting the information on link attributes. This paper aims to develop a model to determine the optimal location of a sensor to minimize the variability of traffic information on whole networks. To achieve this, a network sensor location model (NSLM) is developed to reflect discrete characteristics of data collection. The variability indices of traffic information are calculated based on the summation of diagonal elements of the variance-covariance matrix. To assess the applicability of the developed model, speed data collected from the dedicated short range communication (DSRC) systems were used in Daegu metropolitan area. The developed model in this study contributes to the enhancement of investment efficiency and the improvement of information accuracy in intelligent transport system (ITS).