• 소성∙가공
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.88-94
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• 2010

The next generation of diesel engine can operate at high injection pressure up to 1,800bar. The common rail pipe must have higher internal strength because it is directly influenced by the high-pressure fuel. Folding defects in the Common rail pipe can not ensure the structural safety. Therefore, Preform design and fatigue-life analysis are very important for preventing the head of the common rail pipe from folding in the heading process and for predicting fatigue life according to the amount of folding. In this study, a closed form equation to predict fatigue life was suggested by Goodman theory and pressure vessels theory in ASME Code in order to develop an optimization technique of the heading process and verified its reliability through fatigue-structural coupled field analysis. The results calculated by the theory were in good agreement with those obtained by the finite element analysis.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.1055-1067
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• 2019

In view of the deficiencies of existing weighted similarity indexes, a hierarchical clustering method initialize-expand-merge (IEM) is proposed based on the similarity of common neighbors for community discovery in weighted networks. Firstly, the similarity of the node pair is defined based on the attributes of their common neighbors. Secondly, the most closely related nodes are fast clustered according to their similarity to form initial communities and expand the communities. Finally, communities are merged through maximizing the modularity so as to optimize division results. Experiments are carried out on many weighted networks, which have verified the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. And results show that IEM is superior to weighted common neighbor (CN), weighted Adamic-Adar (AA) and weighted resources allocation (RA) when using the weighted modularity as evaluation index. Moreover, the proposed algorithm can achieve more reasonable community division for weighted networks compared with cluster-recluster-merge-algorithm (CRMA) algorithm.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.229-237
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• 2003

Objective : The purpose of this report is to usee more Chuna treatment clinically by comparing the improvement of Back pain and Sciatica between Common treatment Group and Common treatment with Chuna treatment Group. Methods : This study was carried out on 30 patients with Back pain and Sciatica who ere hospitalized in Dongshin Univ. Oriental Hospital form April 2001 to December, 2002. Group A of 15 patients wer taken both common treatment and Chuna treatment. And Group B of 15 patients were only taken common treatment. And after 10 days of admission, we checked and compared VAS(Visual Analogue Scale) and improvement index out of these two groups. Results : The result of the VAS(Visual Analogue Scale) and improvement index of comparison analysis between two groups after 10 days, shows that the improvement of Back pain and Sciatica in Common treatment with Chuna treatment Group is more effective than that in Common treatment Group.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제29권10C호
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• pp.1451-1459
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• 2004

이 논문에서는 MP3에 사용되는 32-point IMDCT 블록의 저전력 hard-wired 구조를 제안하였다. 행렬의 재배열을 통하여 16, 8, 4, 2, 1 cycle에 동작하는 5개의 multirate block을 유도함으로서 저전력 systolic 구조를 제안하였다. 각각의 sub-block들의 곱셈 구현은 덧셈기와 쉬프트로 구현하는 CSD(Cainmic signed digit) 방식을 채택하여 덧셈의 수를 줄임으로서 전력소모를 감소시켰다. 또한 각각의 sub-block들의 전력소모를 더욱 감소시키기 위하여 common sub-expression sharing 방식을 채용함으로서 덧셈의 연산량을 더욱 감소시킨 구조를 제안하였다. 그 결과, 2의 보수형을 사용하는 구조와 비교하여 58.4%의 상대 전력소모를 줄일 수 있었다. 또한 하드웨어 구현을 Verilog-HDL코팅을 통하여 시뮬레이션 함으로서 구조가 정확하게 동작함을 확인하였다.

• 복식
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• 제8권
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• pp.15-27
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• 1984

A costume study is a part of the cultural history and also has the greatest relation to life's senses as a concrete culture. Korean costume that consists a double structure with Chinese one through Chosun Dynasty five hundred years, has recently changed up to the Western Form. In this respect Korean Costume has a important meaning in relation to Western costume. Traditional costume, generally speaking, has tendency to keep up by the common people than the higher classes. Then there were four classes. They are aristocratic classes common people, those who are engaged in the form, industry, trade and low classes. Merchant of them partially took charge of the cultural exchange about contacting with tradition and new one. Because it's easy to flow in one's character the new civilization. So there is an important significance to research of the merchant's costume in Gae Hwa Gi changing age of civilization in politics, economic, and social system. The records appeared about the merchant's costume in the age of civilization through literature study and natural photo at that time.

• Journal of Ship and Ocean Technology
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.45-56
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• 2008

Recently, International Association Classification Societies (IACS) has adopted the Common Structural Rules (CSR) for Bulk Carriers and Tankers, which specifies the requirement associated with the ultimate strength of hull girder structure. The theoretical background and the results of verification study are neither well summarized nor released. Furthermore, the requirement is not a form of deterministic formula but a form of program in which source code is not disclosed. The reliability of the non-linear structural analysis program is verified through the comparison with the results of the analysis and the model test. Then, the reliability of the ultimate strength requirement in CSR is checked by comparing with the results of rigorous non-linear analysis.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.117-126
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• 2006

Although we have seen recently increasing number of eco-villages, any eco-village is not registered in Global Eco-village Network. It is important to review the definition of eco-villages and to provide useful basic information for future eco-villages. The main research aim is to analyze landscape characteristics of community garden and common spaces and to identify ecological symbolism of landscape created by residents in eco-villages. Seven eco-villages in Germany, Denmark and UK were selected and the following aspects were investigated through field survey; the settlement background, social and economical aspect, architectural specifications, recycled energy, and landscape characteristics of external spaces in eco-villages. The result indicated that the landscape of eco-village did intend neither to return to primitive society nor to control nature by technology. It intended to coexistence with nature. Primitive nature is symbolically restored and people who have it in mind strongly intend to grow together this common sense. Landscape creation has important role in creating common relationship between human living and nature. When we regard it conceptually as the eco-symbolism in landscape design of community garden, it presented the meaningful relationship with landscape and human life. It is not expression of landscape materiality and designed form but sense of place and landscape image. Landscape design would be expected to reveal the life stage and cycle from designed physical form and materiality through as time goes by when it is part of environmental circulation process by means of human living as meaningful relationship.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2019년도 추계 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.12-13
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• 2019

Flexible Table Form is being used more frequently at the level of formwork in construction site. However, one of the most common structural frameworks, the RC column-beam structure, is having problems in these factors. To improve this problems, this study developed support devices and proposed installation specifications to enable application of the one-way void slab method to flexible table form. It is expected that the effects of reducing the self-weight of the slab in the floor slab construction using flexible table form.

• 복식
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• 제52권5호
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• pp.129-144
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• 2002

Kyung(경, 경의), Which is Wedding ceremonial head dress, Veil. Ancient China, When dynasty is changing, wedding head dress form is different. Old china, Kyung(경) was sleeves attached dress form. But, after Dang(당) and Song(송) Dynasty changed square formed clothes, which is put on from head to the shoulder, and another is sleeves attached dress form. Ancient Korea have been face covered clothes. Myunuei(면의). from Buyo(부여) to the south Silla(남국신라) Dynasty. Koryo(고려) dynasty. likeness of the Song Dynasty square formed head wear, Mongsu(몽수), and Kedu(개두). When Chosun(조선) Dynasty, Kyunguei(경의), which was square formed 12 chuk size head wear of the blue colored veil. When King and Queen finished wedding ceremony in the another palace, Queen following the King, so to the palace. who put on the wedding veil, Kyungui(경의) , in the papanquin. and take out of the veil by another mother. before the hapkun(합근) ceremony. also Chosun dynasty has been another Queen's wedding ceremonial veil 'myunui (면의)'. It has been put on the head dress with ceremonial dress Juckui(적의) . And, take out of the veil by another mother, before the hapkun(합근) ceremony. also. common people has been put on the head dress with ceremonial dress Youmui(염의). And. take out of the veil by another mother. before the hapkun(합근) ceremony. also common people has been put on the Mongsuui(몽수의,장의). head dress with ceremonial dress round neck dress. And, take out of the veil by another mother, before the hapkun(합근) ceremony.

• 한국실내디자인학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국실내디자인학회 2003년도 춘계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.117-122
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• 2003

This study deals with apartments, the representative form of residence in Korea, and analyzes the residential plane of 30-pyong apartments that are constructed by the 5 construction companies within in the past three years. It is discovered that these apartments show a certain form and that developing the frame work of interior elements according to the characteristics of family types of 30-pyong apartment residents and the process for such a frame work are needed. Therefore, by analyzing the differences of residential forms according to resident types, this investigation tries to approach the design centering around users. To summarize the steps and contents of this study, first, it draws the understanding and the study field of common residential space, second, it shows the characteristics of family types within residential space, third, it analyzes and verifies the differences of characteristics according to family types within the representative size and form of plane. This investigation is aimed to provide the reasons for developing different planes according to family types despite they may be of the same size, to show the frame of the study method for developing the plane design and the interior element design for users and to suggest the way of designing residence in a conditional approach applying the conditions of users within common residential space.