• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
• /
• 제30권1호
• /
• pp.25-31
• /
• 2005

There are more than three hundred garlic peeling facilities in Korea and most of them use pressurized air for skin peeling operation. One of the major problems of using air for the peeling operation is the occurrence of excessive bruises on the flesh of peeled garlic which causes easy microbial contamination and shortening of the shelf lift. To reduce the occurrence of bruises during the peeling operation, a new type of garlic peeling system was developed which use pressurized water. In this system, high pressure water jets were used to separate garlic bulbs and to peel the skin of garlic cloves. Six commercial systems of this type had been developed and installed at several locations in Korea. The design and performance of the latest system according to three pressure levels were described in this paper. Peeling efficiency of the system was as high as $64.7\%$ in one cycle of peeling operation by three chambers installed in series. Incorporation of a sorting system based on machine vision and re-circulation of unpeeled and partially-peeled garlic enhanced peeling efficiency by additional $30\%$, resulting in total peeling efficiency of the final products of approximately $95\%$. Peeling capacity of the system was over 400 kg per hour.

• 한국환경보건학회지
• /
• 제41권5호
• /
• pp.314-326
• /
• 2015

Objectives: This study was conducted to identify the ingredients used in ten consumer product categories and determine hazardous substances among these ingredients. Methods: A total of 542 commercial products in ten consumer product categories were selected. The consumer products were sticker removers, washing machine cleaners, multi-purpose cleaners, mold removers, glass cleaners, chlorinated sanitizers, air conditioner cleaners, disposal cleaners, drain cleaners and disinfectant sprays. The company list was complied from governmental records and a market survey. The respective companies were contacted for a list of ingredients found in the 542 products. Results: The corresponding companies listed 163 ingredients. According to European Union (EU) Directive 67/548/EEC, 38 of the 163 ingredients were classified as dangerous substances. Among these substances, 28 ingredients were hazardous to the skin, 15 were hazardous to the eye, and nine were hazardous if inhaled. Three ingredients were classified as CMR (carcinogenic, mutagenic or toxic for reproduction) substances: liquefied petroleum gases (LPG) with carcinogenicity and mutagenicity, and VM&P naphtha and ligroine with carcinogenicity. Conclusion: Various chemicals, including hazardous substances, were used in consumer products. Risk assessment of consumer products is required in order to protect the population from health risks.

• 대한가정학회지
• /
• 제27권4호
• /
• pp.85-103
• /
• 1989

The purpose of this study is to figure out the urban low-income consumers' present possesion condition of electric appliances, the way of purchasing, shopping scope of groceries and electric appliances, and the shopping scope and information seeking behavior of groceries and electric appliances according to the socioeconomic variables, and the shopping scope of electric appliances according to the way of paying price. For this purpose 129 low-income consumers living in Inchon were interviewed through questionnares. Finally 100 questionnares were analyzed. The first major of this study is that the possesion rates of color television set and refrigerator are comparativelyl high, while those of washing machine, record player and camera are low. In case of electric appliances, consumers usually purchase things on credit and as a shopping place, they usually go to a commercial agent. In case of groceries, they usually buy things for cash, and in case of one price labeled groceries they usually buy things at a supermarket. Second, according to the way of paying price, the shopping scope of some electric appliances is broader in case of purchase for cach than in case of purchase on credit. Third, the shopping scope and information seeking behavior classified by the socioeconomic variables according to the income, age and education. That is as the income and education become higher and the age becomes lower, the shopping scope becomes broader, mass media information source is much more uaed and the frequency of seeking becomes higher. Through this study, I would like to suggest the followings. (1) The problem of low-income consumers is closely connected with the low education level, so it can be solved a bit through consumer education. (2) Especially the consumers' problem is more serious in case of those who are aged and get very low income and education. Therefore special attention is needed to those consumers.