• Proceedings of the KOSOMBE Conference
• /
• v.1993 no.11
• /
• pp.128-131
• /
• 1993

In order to get the basic data for the study of the heat stimulation of burning moxa, the pattern of combustion temperature, which is one of the important factors of thermal characteristics, was measured by density of cone moxa along the time procedure. The following results have been obtained 1) The pattern of combustion temperature by moxa burning was classified into input period which means the infiltration of heat into the area and output period which means the radiation of heat from the area. The input period consists of preheating and heating periods, while the output period consists of heat retaining and cooling periods. 2) The pattern of combustion temperature showed the same type or curve, which was not influenced by the moxa weight. However, Its pattern gradient are varied by density. It is considered that the pattern of combution temperature is primarily influenced by the rate of combustion temperature, gradient temperature and duration of combustion.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Combustion
• /
• v.7 no.1
• /
• pp.58-64
• /
• 2002

The bed combustion in an incinerator interacts with the gas flow region through heat and mass transfer. Combined bed combustion and gas flow simulations are performed to investigate this coupled interaction for various operating conditions and furnace configurations. Radiation onto the bed from the furnace is interrelated with the combustion characteristics in the bed, and is also affected by the flow pattern in the gas flow region. Since the contribution of gaseous emission to the total radiation is significant, an adequate flow pattern in a well-designed furnace shape would lead to an increased heat influx on the bed, especially in the early stage of the waste combustion. Advancing the initiation point of the waste combustion can also reduce the size of the lower gas temperature region above the bed, which can be achieved by controlling operating conditions such as the waste feeding rate, the bed height and the primary air flow distribution.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
• /
• v.16 no.1 s.29
• /
• pp.370-378
• /
• 1995

In order to consider the clinical efficacy of moxa combustion, understand the quality and quantity of heat stimulation and get the basic data for the development of electric moxibustion apparatus, the pattern of combustion temperature was measured by size of moxa(small, medium, large and maximum size). The results were as follows. 1. The pattern of combustion temperature by moxa burning was classified into input period, consisting of preheating and heating periods, and output period, consisting of heat retaining and cooling periods, in all experimental groups. But it was difficult to observe the preheating period in small sized moxa. 2. It was inclined that the more moxa size was large, the more the heating and heat retaining periods were long and the maximum temperature was high. The characteristics of moxa combustion is primarily by the rate of combustion temperature, gradient temperature and duration of combustion, and their correlation among these factors and their clinical effects in practice.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Combustion
• /
• v.4 no.1
• /
• pp.141-153
• /
• 1999

Numerical analysis for the combustion flow in the combustion chamber of incineration system has been carried out in order to acquire the basic design capability of incineration system. Established mathematical model was applied to the performance prediction of the pre-designed combustion chamber of commercial plant. Especially, combustion characteristics and the variation of flow pattern have been deeply discussed in accordance with secondary air injection. Secondary air injection was effective for the turbulent mixing between air and carbon monoxide/volatile matter resulting in considerably reduced CO content at the exit. Secondary air injection was found to be one of the key design parameters because the size of recirculation zone could be changed with the variation of injection characteristics.

• International Journal of Automotive Technology
• /
• v.5 no.3
• /
• pp.181-188
• /
• 2004

A cylindrical constant-volume combustion chamber was used to investigate the flow characteristics at the spark electrode gap and the combustion characteristics of an inhomogeneous charge methane-air mixture under several parameters such as stratified pattern, initial charge pressure, ignition time and the excess air ratio of the initial charge mixture. Flow characteristics including mean velocity and turbulence intensity were analyzed by a hot-wire anemometer. The combustion pressure development, measured by a piezo-electric pressure transducer, was used to investigate the effect of initial charge pressure, excess air ratio and ignition times on combustion pressure and combustion duration. It was found that the mean velocity and turbulence intensity had the maximum value around 200-300 ms and then decreased gradually to near-zero value at 3000 ms. For the stratified patterns, the combustion rate under the rich injection (RI) condition was the fastest. Under the initial charge conditions, the second mixture was accompanied by an increase in the combustion rate, and that the higher the mass which is added in the second stage injection, the faster the combustion rate.

• Fire Science and Engineering
• /
• v.26 no.3
• /
• pp.35-39
• /
• 2012

This paper analyzes the combustion diffusion pattern when a water purifier is artificially ignited outside and inside in order to provide data to examine the cause of fire of a water purifier damaged by fire. The analysis result of the combustion diffusion pattern of a water purifier shows that the combustion diffused at a higher speed when it was ignited inside the purifier than when ignited outside. It took approximately 360 seconds for the water purifier to be half-burned when ignited on the outside, and approximately 180 seconds when ignited from inside. That is, it is thought that the internal combustion speed is higher because the internal ignition causes the generated heat to be accumulated and radiated instantly. It was observed that the water purifier damaged by fire caused by external ignition showed a uniform carbonization pattern and the carbide burned down at the bottom were gradually deposited. The water purifier damaged by internal ignition showed a relatively clear boundary of carbonized surface, which formed a V-pattern. The difference in the combustion patterns presents an objective base from which to determine where the fire started. By the time the purifier was half-burned by fire, the built-in fuse had not melted and the power supply protection device did not operate. In addition, as was found in the case of the fuse damaged by a general fire, carbonization occurred at the metal holder, and it is thought that this fact may be used as a basis from which to determine the cause of a fire.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
• /
• v.11 no.3
• /
• pp.31-44
• /
• 1987

Nowadays, the problems of energy and environmental pollution become serious day by day and the diesel engine, which has been proved to be superior to gasoline engine with respect to fuel consumption and ecological problems of exhaust gas, has been adopted widely for various purposes from the marine diesel engine and the dynamo engine to all kinds of engine on land. Therefore, extensive parametric studies on combustion of diesel engine should be done for its desing and improvement. To predict the behavior of diesel engien according to variable operating conditions by means of cycle simulation, the reasonable pattern of heat release rate has to be asumed. But it is necessary to know the actual variation of heat release rate in order to assume the reasonable pattern of heat release rate according to the actual operating conditions. In this paper, on a high speed small bore diesel engine with pre-combustion chamber, experimental investigations were carried out to determine the relationship between the heat release pattern and parameters such as engine load and speed. And also, the theoretical investigations about the performance variations of the above diesel engine according to the predicted pattern of heat release rate variation were performed. From the above observations, it may be said that the Fanboro indicator, which was used to get the cylinder pressure, can be used to estimate a reasonable pattern of heat release rate and it is confirmed that the pattern of heat release rate for the pre-combustion type engine is different from that of the direct injection type engine.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
• /
• v.15 no.9
• /
• pp.1319-1327
• /
• 2001

The results of stand and field testing of a combustion chamber for a heavy-duty 150 MW gas turbine are discussed. The model represented one of 14 identical segments of a tubular multican combustor constructed 1:1 scale. The model experiments were executed at a lower pressure than that in a real gas turbine. Combustion efficiency, pressure loss factor, pattern factor, liner wall temperature, flame radiation, fluctuating pressure and NOx emission were measured at partial and full loads for both model and on-site testing. The comparison of these items in the stand and field test results led to has the development of a method of calculation and the improvement of gas turbine combustors.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
• /
• v.1 no.1
• /
• pp.14-21
• /
• 1993

The effect of coolant flow pattern on the metal temperature of the combustion chamber was studied in 1.5L and 1.8L gasoline engines. One of the main important points in the design of the water jacket is the increase of the coolant flow velocity. In this paper, the water jackets of the cylinder head and the cylinder block were visualized for the purpose of improving the coolant flow pattern. By the use of this technique, the optimal design of the size and th location of the water transfer fole was possible. And, to lower the metal temperatures of the thermally critical parts, the drilled water passages were employed. To investigate of effect of the improved flow pattern and the drilled water passages, the metal temperatures of the combustion chamber were measured. As a result of the temperature measurement, it was found out that both the change of flow pattern and the drilled water passages have significant effect on the reduction of the peak metal temperature.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
• /
• v.20 no.6
• /
• pp.63-79
• /
• 2003

Objective: It makes a through study on the popularization and usefulness paln of Moxa Combustion, therefore popularizing practical use of that. Methods: It was based on the established treatises and books, in order to studying about the literature of Moxa Combustion Results & Conclusions: It makes a through study on the whole of Moxa Combustion, the results as follows. 1. We explained(illustrated) the origin, history, classification and mechanism(effect) of Moxa Combustion 2. The study of standardization plan of Moxa Combustion for popularization - The thermal stimulation of Moxa Combustion was decided the characteristic pattern of combustion temperature by moxa burning and that makes a measure to grasp the effective action of Moxa Combustion upon human body. Thereupon it is necessary to continue further studies by analysing the characteristic pattern of combustion temperature by moxa burning and there clinical effects in practice. 3. The usefulness of Moxa Combustion - The therapeutic effect of Moxa Combustion are hematopoiesis(increase the blood), analgesic function, increase the immunity, antioxidant activity, diuretic action, control of hormone(endocrine gland), supression of carcinogenesis, increase the self involution(natural healing), decrease of GOT/GPT, Glucose, Cholesterol level.