• 공업화학
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.663-669
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• 2009

지구온난화에 가장 큰 영향을 미치는 이산화탄소를 연소 후 배가스로부터 흡착 분리하기 위한 허니컴 흡착소자의 제조 및 그 특성에 관한 것이다. 고온사용이 가능하도록 세라믹쉬트, 활성탄소 쉬트를 사용하여 허니컴을 제조하였고 그 위에 Na-X 제올라이트를 코팅하였다. 또한 Na-X 제올라이트를 포함시킨 제올라이트 쉬트를 사용하여 허니컴 흡착제를 제조하였다. 이들 세 가지 허니컴 흡착제에 대하여 이산화탄소 흡착량, 표면특성 그리고 16% 이산화탄소 혼합가스를 공급하여 파과특성을 분석하였다. 또한 가열재생에 따른 이산화탄소 농축특성과 가열시 허니컴 흡착제의 온도변화를 분석하여 열스윙 흡착 분리공정에서의 우월성을 비교 분석하였다. 이들 허니컴을 사용한 흡착파과실험 결과를 바탕으로 하여 회전식 흡착 농축공정의 적용 가능예를 보여주었다.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.131-140
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• 2005

To investigate secondary carbonaceous species within PM$_{10}$ and PM$_{2.5}$ in Seoul urban Metropolitan Area (SMA), Korea. atmospheric particulate matters samples were collected at two sites of SMA at UOS (The University Of Seoul station) sites and IHU (InHa University of Incheon station) during the period of 4 to 14 January and 12 to 22 May, 11 to 15 August 2004, and their characteristics were qualitatively discussed. during January and May and August of 2004. Daily average mass concentration 0.095 mg/㎥ in PM$_{10}$ and 0.053 mg/㎥ in PM$_{2.5}$ for mass respectively. were observed in SMA. The concentrations of carbonaceous species contributed 18.4% and 16.4% of PM$_{2.5}$ and PM$_{10}$ during the sampling period, respectively, of which OC accounted for 68% and 52% more of the total carbon (TC). OC and EC concentrations and their mass percentages were higher in PM$_{2.5}$ than in PM$_{10}$ which could be attributed to generation process. Organic aerosols would constitute up to 38% of PM$_{2.5}$ based on the evaluation of 1.6 for the ratio of OC to organic particulate. Secondary organic carbon (SOC) were estimated to be more than 13% and up to 68% of total OC based on the minimum OC/EC ratio of 1.06/1.11 using least square method. Comparisons of OC and EC with trace elements. As results of carbonaceous species analysis, the dominant factor in view of fine particle (PM$_{10}$/PM$_{2.5}$) is primary emission source such as mobile, fossil fuel combustion etc. during winter time in SMA. But in summer periods, remarkable fine particle increasing factor was secondary organic carbon dependent to photochemical reaction. reaction.n. reaction.

• 한국표면공학회지
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.63-68
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• 2008

Traditionally and generally used calcined clay was carburized, and its characteristics were studied. Carburization treatment was performed by the thermally decomposed carbon and the deposit carbon which occur in a so called 'Boudouard reaction $(2CO{\rightarrow}CO_2+C)'$ at fuel combustion process in a closed-type furnace. The color of the carburized calcine clay changed from yellow to black, and the carbon component revealed as crystalline graphite by the X-ray diffraction test. The weight of the carburized calcine clay decreased to about 4 wt.% by the 1st heating to $1400^{\circ}C$ in air but it does not decreased by the 2nd heating of the same conditions. By the carburization treatment, the water absorption changed from 13 wt.% to 6 wt.%, and the contact angle for water drop changed, too, from 0 to $87^{\circ}$ which was tested by the photograph of one minute after a water drop contact. It means the carburized calcine clay does not absorb water drop so it has a hydrophobic characteristic.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.940-953
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• 2006

The major source of carbon monoxide (CO) at the Earth's surface is the incomplete combustion of biomass and fossil fuels. Because the global lifetime of CO is about two months, it can be used as a tracer for pollution from anthropogenic activities and biomass hurtling. In this paper, we introduced the principle and algorithm of the Measurement of Pollution in the Troposphere (MOPITT) instrument for global CO monitoring. The MOPITT instrument, which was launched on the Satellite Terra in 1999, measures CO column and mixing ratio based on gas correlation radiometry. CO levels can be determined by a retrieval algorithm based on the maximum likelihood method minimizing the difference between observed and modeled radiances. MOPITT level 2 data (HDF format) can be downloaded through the Earth Observing System (EOS) data gateway of NASA. ASCII files of CO parameters can be extracted from HDF files, and then temporal and spatial distributions can be obtained. Finally, we showed an example of CO monitoring in April 2000. The locations of forest fires and distribution of MOPITT CO clearly indicated that not only anthropogenic emissions but also forest fires play an important role in CO levels and global CO distribution. Our introduction to MOPITT and the example of MOPITT data interpretation would be helpful for scientists who want to use the EOS data.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제49권6호
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• pp.688-696
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• 2011

수소는 에너지를 방출하는 과정에서 부산물로 물만 배출하기 때문에 지속가능한 청정에너지원 중의 하나이다. 현재 세계적으로 사용되는 수소는 대부분 화석연료의 개질에 의해 생산되고 있으며 1kg 수소를 생산하는 과정에서 7kg 이상의 이산화탄소를 배출하고 있다. 수소를 생산하는 과정에서 투입되는 에너지와 자원이 지속가능하고 재생 가능해야 수소를 청정에너지원이라 할 수 있다. 바이오매스는 화석연료를 대체할 수 있는 에너지원중의 하나인데, 그 이유는 바이오매스로부터 수소를 생산할 수 있으며 수소생산과정에서 발생하는 이산화탄소는 바이오매스 생산과정에서 소비되기 때문에 이론적으로 이산화탄소를 발생시키지 않는 에너지원이다. 태양에너지와 물로부터 수소를 생산하는 기술은 지구상에 널려있는 자연에너지와 물을 사용하기 때문에 인류가 직면한 에너지와 환경문제를 해결하기 위한 가장 이상적인 기술 중의 하나이다.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.485-489
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• 2019

Hydrogen is known to be a clean fuel which does not generate a green house gas during the combustion. However, about 8 kg of carbon dioxide is generated during the course of producing 1 kg of hydrogen through reforming, water gas shift reaction and pressure swing adsorption in order to obtain a high purity hydrogen over 99.999% by volume. In this work, carbon dioxide generation is estimated according to four kinds of natural gas compositions supplied by Korea Gas Corporation and regarding natural gas as pure methane. For the simulation of the modeling, PRO/II with PROVISION V10.2 at AVEVA was utilized and Peng-Robinson equation of state with Twu's alpha function was selected.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.267-273
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• 2023

As the impacts of global climate change become increasingly apparent, the reduction of carbon emissions has emerged as a critical subject of discussion. Nuclear power has garnered attention as a potential carbon-free energy source; however, the rapidity of load following in nuclear power generation poses challenges in comparison to fossil-fueled methods. Consequently, power-to-gas systems, which integrate nuclear power and hydrogen, have attracted growing interest. This study presents a preliminary design of a very high temperature reactor (VHTR) integrated blue hydrogen production process utilizing DWSIM, an open-source process simulator. The blue hydrogen production process is estimated to supply the necessary calorific value for carbon capture through tail gas combustion heat. Moreover, a thermodynamic assessment of the main recuperator is performed as a function of the helium flow rate from the VHTR system to the blue hydrogen production system.

• 한국가스학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.8-14
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• 2010

본 연구에서는 LPG/바이오디젤 혼합연료의 직접분사식 디젤엔진 적용성에 관한 실험을 수행하였다. 특히, 혼합연료를 엔진에 적용하는 경우 엔진성능, 배출가스 (미연탄화수소, 일산화탄소, 질소산화물, 이산화탄소), 연소안정성에 대한 실험을 1,500 rpm의 엔진회전수 조건에서 수행하였다. 바이오디젤은 질량대비 20-60% 범위로 LPG에 혼합하였다. 바이오디젤을 40% 이상 혼합하는 경우 엔진은 모든 부하영역에서 매우 안정적으로 연소되었다. 바이오디젤의 혼합율이 증가할수록 혼합연료의 세탄가가 향상되어 연소시작 시점이 진각되었다. 혼합연료를 사용하면 저부하에서는 과혼합에 의한 부분연소로 인하여 THC와 CO의 배출량이 급증하였으며, NOx의 경우 저부하에서는 배출량이 디젤연료에 비해서 낮았으며 고부하에서는 더 많이 배출되었다.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.92-97
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• 2007

A series of source tests were conducted to characterize emissions of nitrogen oxide(NOx, NO, $NO_2$), carbon mon oxide(CO), carbon dioxide$(CO_2)$ and total VOCs from portable combustion devices in steady-state using well-mixed chamber. Since use of portable gas range is widespread in houses and restaurants in Korea, it is important to characterize the emission of air pollutants and suggest optimum ventilation rate. Ranges of emission rates of air pollutants from portable gas ranges were $NO \;0.551\sim0.939mg/hr,\;NO_2\;0.354\sim1.080mg/hr,\;NO_x\;1.207\sim1.631mg/hr,\;CO\;1.389\sim4.21mg/hr,\;CO_2\;2426.823\sim2973.495mg/hr$, and VOCs $0\sim0.119mg/h$. Mean of personal exposure and indoor environment level of $NO_2$ by combustion of portable gas range were 74.7 ppb and 65.4 ppb, respectively, suggesting persons using portable gas range in houses and restaurants might be highly exposed. Required ventilation rate to control the air pollutants emitted from portable gas range was maximumly $3.131m^3/hr$ on the basis of $NO_2$ indoor air quality standard.

• 조명전기설비학회논문지
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• 제19권7호
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• pp.39-44
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• 2005

고연료 중 대부분이 수소와 탄소의 결합물이다. 연료들은 엔진 내부에서 완전 연소되었을 경우는 수분인 증기와 $CO_2$가 발생된다. 그러나 대개 불완전 연소가 일어나 $NO_x$나 Smoke가 발생되어진다. 그리고 이 물질은 인해에 매우 해로운 물질들이다. 본 논문에서는 EGR과 상용주파수를 이용한 플라즈마 장치를 조합하여 배기가스 유해물질 제거 특성을 연구하였다. $NO_x$의 경우에는 전압과 EGR율이 증가할수록 유해물질 제거 특성이 우수하였고, Smoke의 경우에는 EGR 율이 증가하게 되면 Smoke의 발생율이 증가하였으나 전압이 증가하게 되면 발생율이 감소하였다.