• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.1-13
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• 1986

방사선 조사와 adriamycin 병용투여가 마우스 소장 소낭선세포의 방사선 감수성에 미치는 영향을 관찰하고 adriamycin의 방사선 증강효과를 측정하기 위하여 $C_3H$계 마우스 120마리를 cobalt-60원 격치료기로 전복부에 조사하였다. 방사선 단독조사군은 1,000rad에서 1,600rad까지, adriamycin병용투여군은 900rad에서 1,400rad까지 각각 100rad씩 증강시켜 조사하였고 adriamycin 10mg/kg을 조사 2시간전과 4시간후에 각각 복강내에 주사하였다. 실험군은 84시간 후에 공장을 절제하고 소낭선 측정법을 이용하여 세포생존곡선을 작성하므로써 adriamycin 병용투여시의 조사효과를 측정하였으며, 주사전자현미경(SEM)으로 소장융모의 형태변화를 관찰하여 다음과 같은 효과를 얻었다. 1) 조사군의 환상면당 소낭선수는 평균 $130{\pm}16$개이었다. 2) 방사선 단독조사 군에서 소낭선세포의 평균 치사선량은 160rad이었으며, 방사선조사 2시간과 4시간후 adriamycin 병용투여군은 모두 170rad이었다. 3) 방사선조사 2시간전과 4시간 후에 adriamycin 투여군의 dose effect factor(DEF)는 1.19와 1.26이었다. 4) 주사전자현미경소견에서 조사선량 증가에 따라 소장융모의 손상이 각각 다른 형태로 뚜렷이 변하였으며, conical collapse형태로 면한 것은 단독조사군의 1,200rad와 adriamycin병용투여군의 1,000rad에서 각각 관찰되었다. 이상의 실험결과로 보아 마우스 소장에서 방사선과 adriamycin 병용투여시 $19{\sim}26%$의 유의한 조사효과 상승이 관찰되었으므로 향후 복부나 골반부에 방사선조사와 항암제를 병용하는 경우에는 방사선 감수성이 높은 장기인 소장에 대한 손상을 고려하여 임상에서 암의 방사선치료에 깊은 배려가 필요하다고 사료된다.

• 대한두경부종양학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.220-227
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• 1998

The clinical and pathological features of 35 cases of anaplastic thyroid cancer were studied. These tumors occurred in 12 men and 23 women ranging in age from 19 to 83 years(mean age; 61.7 years). A rapidly enlarging thyroid mass was the most common presentation. The duration of the presence of mass varied from 20 days to 12 months with an average of 2.7 months. Systemic metastasis at the time of initial examination was found in 14 patients(40.0%) and the lung was the most common site of involvement. The overall rate of distant metastasis was about 65.7%. The tumors were subdivided morphologically into giant cell type of 10 cases, spindle cell type of 7 cases, epidermoid cell type of 1 cases, and mixed giant cell and spindle cell type of 5 cases. The mean survival period of 6 among 35 patients who had biopsy alone was 1.4 months. The 22 patients underwent the incomplete combined treatment modalities (palliative surgery with or without chemotherpy or radiation therapy) survived for a mean period of 3.0 months, among them, 7 patients who had surgery combined with chemotherapy and radiation therapy showed mean survival period of 3.7 months. The mean survival of 7 patients who had complete combined treatment modality(curative surgery combined with chemotherapy and hyperfractionated radiation therapy) was 6.6 months, only one patient survived for 21 months and one patient has been alive for 1 month after operation, and the others survived for a mean period of 4.8 months. So far, as of July 31, 1998, 34 patients among 35 were died(one has been survived for 1 month) despite the various treatment modalities, and the main cause of death were failure of local control and systemic metastasis. None of the various treatment modalities gave consistently favourable results. However, a combination of surgery, radiation therapy and chemotherapy seemed to have a slight positive effect on survival. Furthermore, the aggressive treatment modalities will be indicated only in the early diagnosed and minimal cases.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.118-124
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• 2007

목 적: 투과성 필터를 이용하여 방사선치료를 받은 부비동 및 비암 환자에서 생존율 및 치료실패 양상을 분석하여 향후 치료계획을 할 때 도움을 주고자 한다. 대상 및 방법: 1992년 2월부터 2002년 3월까지 계명대학교 동산의료원 방사선종양학과에서 부비동 및 비암으로 진단받고 투과성 필터를 이용하여 방사선치료를 받은 환자 17명을 대상으로 후향적 분석을 시행하였다. 대상환자의 성별분포는 남자가 9명, 여자가 8명이었으며 연령분포는 $40{\sim}75$세(중앙값 59세)였다. 비강암이 7명, 부비동암이 10명이었고 조직학적으로 편평상피세포암이 11명, 선양낭성암종이 4명, 후신경모세포종이 2명이었다. AJCC 병기에 따라 II기가 3명, III기가 7명, IV기가 7명이었다. 방사선치료단독은 5명, 수술 후 방사선치료를 받은 환자는 12명이었다. 방사선치료는 일회 $1.8{\sim}2.0\;Gy$로 총 $44{\sim}76\;Gy$ (중앙값 60 Gy)를 조사하였다. 추적관찰기간은 $3{\sim}173$개월(중앙값 78개월)이었다. 결 과: 2년 생존율과 무병생존율은 76.4%이었고 5년, 10년 생존율은 각각 76.4%, 45.6%, 5년, 10년 무병생존율은 70.6%이었다. 수술유무에 따른 5년 무병생존율은 수술을 시행한 군은 91.6% 수술을 시행하지 않은 환자군은 20%로 통계적으로 유의하게 차이가 있었다(p=0.006). 병리 형태나 병기에 따른 생존율의 차이는 없었다. 5명(29%)의 국소재발률을 보였으며 원격전이는 없었고 수술을 요하는 심각한 부작용은 없었다. 결 론: 부비동 및 비암에서 투과성 필터를 이용한 방사선치료는 안전하고 효과적이며 국소제어율을 높이기 위해 수술과 방사선치료의 병합요법이 바람직하며 방사선 단독으로 치료할 때는 국소제어와 생존율을 향상시키기 위해 정교한 치료계획을 통해 방사선량을 증가시키고 다학제 치료를 고려해야 할 것이다.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제67권4호
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• pp.338-344
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• 2009

In photodynamic therapy, a chemical photosensitizer is activated by light of a specific wavelength., Photodynamic therapy has been combined with bronchoscopy in patients who are ineligible for surgical resection in order to treat patients with early central lung cancer. Here, we describe 3 patients with early central lung cancer who were treated effectively using photodynamic therapy. Our experience shows that this approach is a useful modality in the therapy of these types of tumors.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.47-53
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• 1993

The high relapse rate after curative surgery of lung cancer suggests that tumor cells are remained at the site of resection and in the distant organs. Postoperative radiochemoimmunotherapy including protein-bound polysaccharide PS-K[Copolang] and/or chemotherapy to improve the prognosis in lung cancer has been adopted. The patients with lung cancer who were treated with a combined modality therapy after surgery were reviewed to determine the effects of adjuvant immunotherapy[PS-K] and the relationship between midterm survival and clinicopathologic variables. During the past 5 years, 95 patients with lung cancer underwent resective operation. Of them, 30 cases were curative surgery, 29 were relative curative surgery, and the remainders were non-curative surgery. Postoperative combination therapies consisted of three types of therapies: postoperative BRM[biological response modifiers] with PS-K [Copolang] 50 mg/kg for 24 weeks[Group 1], chemoimmunotherapy with chemotherapy[a combination of cisplatin, etoposide, vindesine] and PS-K [Group 2], radioimmunotherapy with postoperative prophylactic irradiation to the mediastinum at total dose of 54 Gy-60 Gy and PS-K [Group 3] and surgery without adjuvant therapy[Group 4]. Twenty months survival rates of localized disease [Stages I and II] treated with PS-K, with radioimmunotherapy and no therapy were 73 %, 60 %, and 50 %, respectively [p [0.05]. Three-year survival rates of regionally advanced cases [stage Ilia and IIIb] were 23 % in Group 1.57 % in Group 2.20 % in Group 3, and 0 % in Group 4, respectively.According to above results, we suggest that postoperative combination therapy including PS-K might improve the prognosis of lung cancer. The similar survival pattern of patients with squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma treated with BRM, chemoimmunotherapy or radioimmunotherapy need to evaluate the role of postoperative immunotherapy[PS-K] in randomized studies.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.233-241
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• 1995

Purpose : To analyse clinical outcome and prognostic factors according to treatment modality, this paper report our experience of retrospective study of patients with esophageal cancer Materials and Methods : One hundred and ten patients with primary esophageal cancer who were treated in Presbyterian Medical Center from May 1985 to December 1992. We analysed these patients retrospectively with median follow up time of 28 months, one hundred and four patients($95{\%}$) were followed up from 15 to 69 months. In methods, twenty-eight patients were treated with median radiation dose irradiated 54.3Gy only. Fifty-six patients were treated with combined chemoradiotherapy. Sixteen cases of these patients were treated with concurrent chemoradiation and the other patients(forty cases) were treated sequential chemoradiotherapy. In concurrent chemoradiotherapy group, patients received 5-FU continuous IV infusion for 4 days. Cisplatin IV bolus. and concurrent esophageal irradiation to 30 Gy. After that patients received 5-FU continuous IV, Cisplatin bolus injection and Mitomycin-C bolus IV, Bleomycin continuous IV, and irradiation to 20 Gy. In sequential chemoradiotherapy group, the chemotherapy consisted of 5-FU 1,000mg/$m^2$ administered as a continuous 24 hour intravenous infusion during five days and Cisplatin 80-100mg/$m^2$ bolus injected, or Bleomycin, Vinblastine, Cisplatin, Methotrexate were used of 1 or 2 cycles. After preoperative concurrentm chemoradiation twenty-six patients underwent radical esophagectomy. Results : Ninety-three patients could be examined for response assessment, By treatment modality, response rates were $85.1{\%}$ for radiation alone group and $86.3{\%}$ for combined chemoradiation group. But in operation group, after one cycle of concurrent chemoradiation treatment, response rate was $61.9{\%}$. The pathologic complete response were $15.4{\%}$ in operation group. Overall median survival was II months and actuarial 5-year survival rate was $8{\%}$. The median survival interval was 6 months for radiation alone group, 11 months for combined chemoradiation group and 19 months for operation group. And also median survival was 19 months for complete responder group that 8 months for noncomplete responder group. In univariative analysis, statistically significant prognostic factors were tumor size, clinical stage, tumor response, and operation. In multivariative analysis, significantly better survival was associated with clinical stage, tumor response, radiation dose, and operation. Conclusion : Compared with radiotherapy alone, combined multimodality may improve the median survival in patients with localized carcinoma of the esophagus and toxicity is acceptable.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.2771-2774
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• 2012

Aim: Tumors of upper gastrointestinal tract are among the cancers that have a quite lethal course. Cytotoxic chemotherapy is the most efficient therapeutic modality for metastatic gastric cancer. In patients who do not respond to first-line treatment, the response rate to second-line therapies is generally low and the toxicity rates high. This study concerned the efficacy and the side effect profile of second-line therapy with irinotecan in the patients who were being followed-up with the diagnosis of metastatic gastric cancer in $\dot{I}$zmir, Turkey. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively evaluated the efficacy and toxicity in 31 patients with metastatic gastric adenocarcinoma who presented to the polyclinic of Medical Oncology of Izmir Ataturk Education and Research Hospital between May 2008 and July 2011. All received chemotherapy regimens containing cisplatin, fluoropyrimidine (5-FU) and docetaxel as the first-line therapy for late stage disease. Irinotecan as a single agent was given at a dose of 210 mg/$m^2$ on each 21 days. Irinotecan (180 mg/$m^2$ on day 1), 5-FU (500 mg/$m^2$ on days 1-2) and leucovorin (LV; 60 mg/$m^2$ on days 1-2) as a combined regimen were given over a 14 day period. Results: Median age was 54 (range, 31-70). Irinotecan was given as a combined regimen for median 6 cycles (range, 3-12) and as a single agent for median 3 cycles (range, 1-10). Metastases were detected in one site in six patients (19%), in two different sites in 17 patients (55%) and in three or more sites in eight patients (26%). Four patients (12.9%) showed partial response and six patients (19.3%) showed stable disease. Progression-free survival (PFS) was found to be 3.26 months (95% CI, 2.3-4.2). Median overall survival (OS) was found to be 8.76 months (95% CI, 4.5-12.9). The most commonly seen grade 3/4 side effect was neutropenia but the the therapy was generally well-tolerated. Conclusions: In this study, it was demonstrated that second-line therapy with irinotecan given following the first-line therapy with cisplatin, fluoropyrimidine (5-FU) and docetaxel was efficient and safe. Further studies are needed for confirmation.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.1-12
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• 2005

Objectives: Malignant gliomas are often treated with cisplatin (cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II), CDDP) and radiation but results remain unsatisfactory. Since malignant glioma displays moderate resistance to conventional therapy, a new treatment modality is needed to improve the outcome of patients with these tumors. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of the combined use of Jongjihwan(JJH) and cisplatin(CDDP) on cultured malignant glioma cells, A172. Methodss & Results: The combined use of cisplatin and Jeongjihwan had synergistic effects on Al72 cells during 24 hr-incubation, This treatment resulted in a decrease of cell viability, Which was revealed as apoptosis Characterized by activation of caspase-3 protease as well as cleavage of poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) with change of mitochondria membrane potential transition. The expression of members of the Bcl-2 protein family was modulated during co-treatment with Jeongjihwan and cisplatin. Activation of caspase-3 and mitochondrial alterations were central to co-treatment with Jeongjihwan and cisplatin-induced apoptosis. Conclusions: We conclude that co-treatment with Jeongjihwan and cisplatin-induced activation of the mitochondrial pathway enables cell death. Also, we suggest the combined theory of JJH and cisplatin could be a useful method for glioblastoma.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.303-309
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• 1993

Between November 1983 and December 1992, 121 patients with non-small cell lung cancer were treated with radiotherapy alone or combined with chemotherapy in Inje University, Seoul Paik Hospital. Of these,97 patients were evaluable and analyzed retrospectively. Group 1 (n=62)was treated with radiotherapy alone and group 2 (n=35) combined with chemotherapy. There were 7 patients, 1 patient with stage I and II ,20 patients, 11 patients with stage IIIA,28 patients, 20 patients with stage IIIB, and 6 patients, 3 patients with stage IV, respectively. Ninety percent of patients received more than 5000 cGy of radiaton. Median survival of patients in group 1 was 9 months, group 2 was 15 months. Overall 2 year survival rates of group 1 and 2 were $37\%\;and\;27\%$, respectively. Relapse free survival rates at 2 year were $27\%\;and\;15\%$, respectively. Overall survival rates at 5 year for group 1 and 2 were $15\%\;and\;11\%$, and relapse free survival rates were $16\%\;and\;6\%,$ respectively. Median survival of complete and partial responders was 47 months in group 1,18 months in group 2, and those of stable or progression was 6 months,11 months, respectively. The proportion of locoregional relapse and distant metastasis was not significantly different between group 1 and 2. The majority of relapse developed within 2 years. Although 2 cases of severe esophagitis and myelosuppression were noted in group 2, the treatment related toxicity was relatively acceptable. Our analysis showed no statistically significant differences between the two treatment groups in terms of response rate, survival, and sites of relapse.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.173-178
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• 2000

Background: Though the surgical treatment of stage IIIB lung cancer is not generalized due to low complete remission rate high morbidity and mortality there are several reports on the improvement of long term survival after preoperative and postoperative adjuvant therapy. In this study we analyzed the prognostic factors affecting long term survival after surgical treatment of stage IIIB lung cancer Material and method: We analyzed the long term survival for age pathology invaded mediastinal organ n stage type of operation complete or incomplete resection and adjuvant therapy through a retrospective review of patients underwent surgical treatment. Result: From 1990 to 1998 56 patients(51/male 5/female0 with stage IIIB lung cancer were trated surgically. Forty two patients underwent radical resection and morbidity and mortality were 17% 12% respectively. The survival rate for overall patients and the radical resection group were 9% 12% respectively. In the radical resection group excluding explothoracotomy only(n=14) and the surgical mortality patients(n=5) the age the type of operation celly type resectability and N stage had no influence on the long term survival. The survival rate of radical resection group was significantly better than that of the explothoracotomy only group(p=0.04) The long term survival rate of postoperative combination therapy group was significantly better than chemotherapy or radiotherapy alone(p=0.04) Conclsion: Age type after surgical treatment of stage IIIB lung cancer. We conclude that combined modality of adjuvant treatment after radical resection of stage IIIB lung cancer seems to offer better long term survival in selective patients. The numbers of patients involved was small. Nevertheless these preliminary findings indicate questions that will need to be experienced further in larger studies.