• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.209-219
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• 2013

Smart phone environment have an effect on consumer life style, as well as advances in technology. In this paradigm shift on digital convergence make change to commodities, services, and distribution channels for consumers. HomePlus wholesale that is representative distribution company in Korea launched the new distribution channel model that combined off-line store with online store and mobile shopping system called 'smart mobile virtual store'. That is highly praised by abroad media and festivals. This study is an exploratory study on consumer-centric smart mobile virtual store of HomePlus. There are value and chance for developing the new digital distribution model, in this study, because the case study and evaluation of consumers is important in this momentous time.

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• 2005.10a
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• pp.182-185
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• 2005

Satellite cameras are calibrated before launch in detail and in general, but it cannot be guaranteed that the geometry is not changing during launch and caused by thermal influence of the sun in the orbit. Modem satellite imaging systems are based on CCD-line sensors. Because of the required high sampling rate the length of used CCD-lines is limited. For reaching a sufficient swath width, some CCD-lines are combined to a longer virtual CCD-line. The images generated by the individual CCD-lines do overlap slightly and so they can be shifted in x- and y-direction in relation to a chosen reference image just based on tie points. For the alignment and difference in scale, control points are required. The resulting virtual image has only negligible errors in areas with very large difference in height caused by the difference in the location of the projection centers. Color images can be related to the joint panchromatic scenes just based on tie points. Pan-sharpened images may show only small color shifts in very mountainous areas and for moving objects. The direct sensor orientation has to be calibrated based on control points. Discrepancies in horizontal shift can only be separated from attitude discrepancies with a good three-dimensional control point distribution. For such a calibration a program based on geometric reconstruction of the sensor orientation is required. The approximations by 3D-affine transformation or direct linear transformation (DL n cannot be used. These methods do have also disadvantages for standard sensor orientation. The image orientation by geometric reconstruction can be improved by self calibration with additional parameters for the analysis and compensation of remaining systematic effects for example caused by a not linear CCD-line. The determined sensor geometry can be used for the generation? of rational polynomial coefficients, describing the sensor geometry by relations of polynomials of the ground coordinates X, Y and Z.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.40.2-41
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• 2016

To understand the observed kinematics in the narrow-line region (NLR) of type 2 AGNs, we construct a model of 3-D biconical outflow combined with a thin dust plane. The model consists of two identical cones whose apex is located at the nucleus, and the cones are axisymmetric with respect to the bicone axis. After we define the properties of the bicone and the dust plane, we calculate a spatially integrated velocity and velocity dispersion along the line-of-sight using various physical parameters. As we test the effect of model parameters, we find three key parameters determining the integrated kinematics: intrinsic outflow velocity, bicone inclination, and the amount of dust extinction. The velocity dispersion increases as the intrinsic outflow velocity or the bicone inclination increases, while the velocity shift increases as the amount of dust extinction increases. We confirm that the integrated velocity dispersion can be a good indicator of the intrinsic outflow velocity unless dust extinction is not very strong (>~80%), while the effect of dust extinction can be alleviated by combining the integrated velocity and the velocity dispersion. Based on the simulated velocity distributions using the 3-D models, the variety of the observed [O $_{III}$] line profiles of type 2 AGNs can be well reproduced. In addition, we perform Monte Carlo simulations based on the different sets of model parameters. By comparing the model results with the observed [O $_{III}$] kinematics of ~39,000 SDSS type 2 AGNs (Woo et al. 2016), we find that the observed [O $_{III}$] velocity-velocity dispersion distribution is well reproduced by the biconical outflow model, enabling us to constrain the intrinsic physical parameters of outflows.

• 한국지구물리탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2002.09a
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• pp.101-125
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• 2002

A lake seismic survey was carried out to investigate possible geohazards for construction of the underground LPG storage at Namyang Lake. The proposed survey site has a land-lake combined geography and furthermore water depth of the lake is shallow. Therefore, various seismic methods such as marine single channel high resolution seismic reflection survey, sonobuoy refraction survey, land refraction survey and land-lake combined refraction survey were applied. Total survey amounts are 34 line-km of high resolution lake seismic survey, 14 lines of sonobuoy refraction survey, 890 m of land refraction survey and 8 lines of land-lake combined refraction survey. During the reflection survey, there were severe water reverberations from the lake bottom obscured subsurface profiling. These strong multiple events appeared in most of the survey area except the northern and southern area near the embankment where seems to be accumulated mainly mud dominated depositions. The sonobuoy refraction profiles also showed the same Phenomena as those of reflection survey. Meanwhile the results of the land-lake combined refraction survey showed relatively better qualities. However, the land refraction survey did not so due to low velocity soil layer and electrical noise. Summarized results from the lake seismic survey are that acoustic basement with relatively flat pattern appeared 30m below water level and showed three types of bedrock such as fresh, moderately weathered and weathered type. According to the results of the combined refraction survey, a velocity distribution pattern of the lake bottom shows three types of seismic velocity zone such as >4.5 km/s, 4.5-4.0km/s and <4.0km/s. The major fault lineament in the area showed NW-SE trend which was different from the Landsat image interpretation. A drilling was confirmed estimated faults by seismic survey.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.255-260
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• 2003

In vivo bioassays for biological medicines have been considered final resort to unequivocally assess the biological activities for them because there are some cases in which the biological activities obtained from in vivo bioassay and in vitro bioassay quite differ each other. The in vivo biological activity of EPO depends on its sialic acid contents which confer microheterogeneity-isoforms to this protein. We have devise a method which consists of a in vitro bioassay using BaF3 cell line and a capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) for the measurement of the EPO isoform distribution. The biological activity of EPO obtained using in vitro bioassay with BaF3 cell line showed good correlation (C.V.(％) 7.34, 5.85, 8,16, 8.08, 8.8) to EPO content measured either spectrophotometric assay (A280 0.1 ％ ＝0.743) or radio immunoassay. The assay validation results of in vitro bioassay with 3 lot of in house EPO showed good results to EPO content measured either in vivo assay or radio immunoassay. and also showed good results the robustness of our method in terms of precision, accuracy, repeatability. The isoform distribution for EPO-BRP (1 : 1 mixture of epoetin-${\alpha}$ and epoetin-${\beta}$, European Pharmacopoeia) by CZE method resulted in isoform 2 through isoform 8. The major peaks in electrophoregram were composed of isoform 3 through 7. Our recombinant EPO (epoetin-${\alpha}$) having equivalent in vivo biological activity showed the isoform distribution of isoform 3 through 9. The major peaks consisted of isoform 4 through 8. The peak area of isoform 4 was always smaller than that of isoform 5. The preparations of recombinant epoetin-${\alpha}$ with lower in vivo biological activity than EPO-BRP showed the isoform 2 through 8 in their electrophoregrams whose major peaks consisted of the isoform 3 through 7. The peak area of isoform 4 was larger than that of isoform 5.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• v.16 no.10
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• pp.1346-1354
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• 2002

The purpose of this work is to study the effects of specularly reflecting wall under the combined radiative and laminar free convective heat transfer in an infinite square duct. An absorbing and emitting gray medium is enclosed by the opaque and diffusely emitting walls. The walls may reflect diffusely or specularly. Boussinesq approximation is used for the buoyancy term. The radiative heat transfer is evaluated using the direct discrete ordinates method. The parameters under considerations are Rayleigh number, conduction to radiation parameter, optical thickness, wall emissivity and reflection mode. The differences caused by the reflection mode on the stream line, and temperature distribution and wall heat fluxes are studied. Some differences are observed for the categories mentioned above if the order of the conduction to radiation parameter is less than order of 10$\^$-3/ fer the range of Rayleigh number studied. The differences at the side wall heat flux distributions are observed as long as the medium is optically thin. As the top wall emissivity decreases, the differences between these two modes are increased. As the optical thickness decreases at the fixed wall emissivity, the differences also increase. The difference of the streamlines or the temperature contours is not as distinct as the side wall heat flux distributions. The specular reflection may alter the fluid motion.

• Progress in Superconductivity and Cryogenics
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.5-10
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• 2018

This study presents that various grain boundary junctions are prepared by controlling the seed orientation combined with an artificial hole in a melt process REBCO bulk superconductor. Large grain YBCO superconductors have been fabricated with various grain boundary junctions that the angle between the grain boundary and the <001> axis of Y123 crystal is $0^{\circ}$, $30^{\circ}$ and $45^{\circ}$, respectively. The presence of the artificial hole is beneficial for the formation of clean grain boundary junction and single peak trapped magnetic field profiles have been obtained. Artificial hole makes two growth fronts meet at a point on a periphery of the artificial hole. The presence of artificial hole is not likely to affect on the distribution of Y211 particles. The newly formed <110> facet lines are explained by the formation of new Y123/liquid interface with (010) crystallographic plane.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.62 no.12
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• pp.1661-1667
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• 2013

This paper studies the dynamic irreversible demagnetization characteristics of an interior permanent magnet (PM) brushless DC motor with a stator turn fault. A new algorithm, which is a finite element method (FEM) combined with a line voltage equation of the motor, is developed to analyze irreversible demagnetization under dynamic and transient states and considers a stator turn fault. The input current, circulating current, magnetic distribution characteristics, and operating property of the PM, including the irreversible demagnetization in the fault state, are analyzed using this algorithm by considering the magnetic saturation effect. The feasibility of the proposed method confirmed from the analysis results is verified via an experiment. Through this fault analysis, we can accurately check the fault phenomena of a PM motor against the demagnetization fault for fault prevention.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.158-168
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• 2005

In this study, the discharging effluents from have been 9 municipal wastewater treatment plants surveyed for 1 year-period. Statistics including probability distribution, cumulative occurrence concentration and other statistical parameters were presented. In addition, treatment performance and its stability were also discussed. Most of the plants, have an operational problem of high soluble organic content in the secondary effluent which may be associated with the integrated treatment of human and livestock manures. Nitrogen concentration in the effluents were usually higher during the period of summer and winter. It was found that this is mainly due to lack of the proper C/N ratio during the summer, or/and the effects of low temperature and less dilution by dry weather during the winter. Phosphorus concentration is sharply increased in June. Discussion with plant operators told that it is due to the dissolution of phosphate from the sludge accumulated in the primary settling tanks from the early spring to june. During this period, usually, sludge treatment line is highly overloaded with flush-outs of the sediments also stored in the bottom of combined sewer due to the low flow during winter season. Most of the plants can meet new effluent discharge limits of the nitrogen and phosphorus, and total coliform without further treatment.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.14 no.7
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• pp.3116-3133
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• 2020

Based on the teleportation by quantum walk, a quantum secret sharing scheme with credible authentication is proposed. Using the Hash function and quantum local operation, combined with the two-step quantum walks circuit on the line, the identity authentication and the teleportation of the secret information in distribution phase are realized. Participants collaborate honestly to recover secret information based on particle measurement results, preventing untrusted agents and external attacks from obtaining useful information. Due to the application of quantum walk, the sender does not need to prepare the necessary entangled state in advance, simply encodes the information to be sent in the coin state, and applies the conditional shift operator between the coin space and the position space to produce the entangled state necessary for quantum teleportation. Security analysis shows that the protocol can effectively resist intercept/resend attacks, entanglement attacks, participant attacks, and impersonation attacks. In addition, the quantum walk circuit used has been implemented in many different physical systems and experiments, so this quantum secret sharing scheme may be achievable in the future.