• Title/Summary/Keyword: Coloring liquid

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The Effects of the Addition of Cheese in the Manufacture of Rice Cakes Colored with 5 Vegetable-Derived Natural Coloring Materials (오색(五色) 채소 유래 천연 색소를 이용한 건강 맞춤형 컬러 치즈 떡 개발에 관한 연구)

  • Choi, Heeyoung;Lee, Seunggu;Choi, Haneul;Park, Jonghyuk;Heo, Changki;Oh, Jeonhui;Oh, Hyunhee;Jung, Hookil
    • Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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    • v.31 no.1
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    • pp.85-91
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    • 2013
  • In this study, the effects of adding cheese in the manufacture of rice cakes having 5 different vegetable-derived natural coloring materials were investigated with respect to quality characteristics during storage. Rice cake samples were prepared without (control) or with the addition of 2.0%, 3.0%, or 4.0% cheese. Changes in pH, external appearance, total solid content, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), texture and sensory characteristics were monitored during storage. The sensory and texture characteristics of the rice cakes with cheese were investigated with respect to color, flavor, and overall acceptability. The total solid content and pH of the cheese-treated rice cakes were higher than that of the control during storage. Rice cakes added with cheese had higher liquid flavor than control. Results revealed that rice cakes added with cheese at less than 4% addition had the best taste, appearance, and sensory properties. Moreover, the addition of cheese to five-colored rice cakes provides additional nutrients while maintaining flavor and quality.

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Effect of Sugars on Cell Growth and Lipase Production by Trichosporon cutaneum (Trichosporon cutaneum의 균체생육(菌體生育) 및 Lipase 생산(生産)에 미치는 당류(糖類)의 영향)

  • Kim, Seung-Yeol
    • Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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    • v.4 no.1
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    • pp.105-111
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    • 1977
  • Inhibitory effect of sugars on lipase production by Trichosporon cutaneum was observed in the previous study (Kim, 1972), and inhibition was distinctive by the addition of glucose, fructose, mannose, xylose and arabinose to the soybean meal medium among various carbon sources. These experiments were carried out to study the effect of sugars on cell growth and lipase production by the strain using the soybean extracts liquid medium under a shaking culture system. Changes in color and pH of the medium were caused by heat sterilization when various sugars were added. To elucidate the possible effect of these coloring matters on lipase production and cell growth: changes in pH of the culture, cell concentration and level of the enzyme activities were determined when the culture was grown for 48 hours at $30^{\circ}C$ on a reciprocal shaker. The results obtained were as follows: 1. Density of brownish color which formed during heat sterilization was varied with the variety of sugar used, ie, strong in pentose such as xylose: weak in hexose such as galactose, mannose, glucose: very weak in disaccharide such as maltose, sucrose. When the color density was stronger, decrease in pH after sterilization was marked. 2. Cell growth and lipase production was not so effect by the coloring matters as by sugars. 3. The more the cell mass of the culture, the lower the level of lipase production in the culture supernatant. 4. Among the sugars which caused the distinctive inhibition of lipase production, a slight relief of inhibition was noticed by the addition of xylose, whereas the cell growth was repressed. 5. When cell growth was better, decrease in pH of the medium was greater during cultivation.

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Effect of Homemade Liquid Fertigation on Growth and Fruit Characteristics of Cherry Tomatoes (자가제조 액비 관주 처리가 방울토마토의 생장과 과실특성에 미치는 영향)

  • Jung, Ji-Sik;Jung, Seok-Kyu;Choi, Hyun-Sug
    • Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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    • v.28 no.1
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    • pp.27-36
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    • 2020
  • The study was compared for growth and yield of cherry tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum var. cerasiforme) crops as affected by various homemade liquid fertilizer (LF), commonly applied in the environmentally friendly farmhouses. LF treatment included UT (untreatment, water), OC (oil cake), BF (bone+fish meal), FA (fish amino meal), SO (sesame oil meal), and SF (starfish). Seasonal pH and EC in SO- and SF-LF rapidly decreased at 30 days after the storage, which were the highest EC of 0.6 - 0.8 dS/m, followed by BF-LF with 0.4 dS/m EC. T-N concentration in LF was the highest on the SF (0.0062%), followed by SO (0.0059%) and BF materials (0.0030%), which were all the great for the K concentration in the LF. P and Ca concentrations were the highest on the FA-LF, with the highest Mg concentration observed on the vegetable SO-LF. Soil EC was the highest on the SF-LF plots of 0.74 dS/m, with no significant differences between the treatments observed on the macro-nutrient concentrations in the soil and leaf. Leaf dry weight, leaf temperature, stem diameter, and plant height were investigated at once per 15 days. UT-LF reduced the leaf dry weight at all the measurement time while the plant height was low at an initial measurement but increased and similar to the other homemade LF treatments at a later measurement. Fruit yield and average fruit weight were the lowest on the UT-LF plots at 75 days after fertigation. Fruit diameter was increased by the BF-LF and SF-LF, with the highest fruit soluble solid contents and fruit coloring observed on the FA-LF. BF-LF maintained high fruit firmness.

Algae Culture Characteristics Viewed with Continuous and Cyclic Irradiation in High Rate Algae Biomass Culture Pond (고율 조류 생세포체 배양지에서 조사 조건으로 본 조류 배양 특성)

  • 공석기
    • Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
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    • v.14 no.3
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    • pp.123-129
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    • 1999
  • The utilization methods of algae biomass have been studied constantly in whole world. These are $\circled1$the wastewater treatment if waste stabilization pond and oxidation ditch etc. and $\circled2$the biosorption of heavy metals and recovery of strategic' precious metals and $\circled3$the single-celled protein production and the production of chemicals like coloring agent and $\circled4$the production of electric energy through methane gasification. The culture system also has been developed constantly in relation with such utilization method developments. In the result of experimental operation under continuous and cyclic irradiation of light, using high rate algae biomass culture pond(HRABCP), which had been made so as to be an association system with the various items which had been managed to have high efficiency for algae culture, the algae production of the 12 hours-irradiance pond was 41.48 Chlorophyll-a ${\mu}g/L$ only in spite of having the more chance of $CO_2$ synthesis to algae cell than the 24 hours-irradiance pond. This means that the energy supply required for dark-reaction of photosynthesis is very important like this. The difference of algae production between continuous and cyclc irradiation explains that the dark-reaction of photosynthesis acts on algae production as the biggest primary factor. The continuous irradiance on HRABCP made the good algae-production($1403.97{\;}{\mu}g$ Chlorophyll-a/mg) and the good oxygen-production(5.8 mg $O_2/L$) and the good solid-liquid seperation. especially, DO concentration through the oxygen-production was enough to fishes' survival.

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Abirritant Technology of Hair Coloring (염모제의 자극 완화 기술)

  • Lee, Min-Jung;Moon, Hyo-Seung;Park, Jae-Jung;Kim, Jong-Hyub;Park, Byung-Kwon;Kim, Tae-Yoon;Kim, Wang-Gi;Kim, Duck-Hee;Park, Jun-Seoung;Han, Sang-Hoon;Baek, Seok-Yun
    • Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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    • v.36 no.4
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    • pp.289-294
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    • 2010
  • In this study, we developed a scalp protect powder (scalp irritation abirritant). We proved this powder can lessen sensitivity of skin against diamine dyes (PPD, PTD, etc.) by carrying out safety test and clinical experiments. This scalp protect powder accelerates dyeing process, and reduces not only scalp irritation but also hair damage. Using our optimum formula, ammonia can be caught in liquid-crystalline structure, subsequently, bad odor is reduced dramatically.

Analytical Method for Determination of Laccaic Acids in Foods with HPLC-PDA and Monitoring (식품 중 락카인산 성분 분리정제를 통한 분석법 확립 및 실태조사)

  • Jae Wook Shin;Hyun Ju Lee;Eunjoo Lim;Jung Bok Kim
    • Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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    • v.38 no.5
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    • pp.390-401
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    • 2023
  • Major components of lac coloring include laccaic acids A, B, C, and E. The Korean Food Additive Code regulates the use of lac coloring and prohibits its use in ten types of food products including natural food products. Since no commercial standards are available for laccaic acids A, B, C, and E, a standard for lac pigment itself was used to separate laccaic acids from the lac pigment molecule. A standard for each laccaic acid was then obtained by fractionation. To obtain pure lac pigment for use in food by High performance Liquid Chromatography Photo Diode Array (PDA), a C8 column yielded the best resolution among various tested columns and mobile phases. A qualitative analytical method using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) Tandem Mass(LC-MS/MS) was developed. The conditions for fast and precise sample preparation begin with extraction using methanol and 0.3% ammonium phosphate, followed by concentration. The degree of precision observed for the analyses of ham, tomato juice and Red pepper paste was 0.3-13.1% (Relative Standard Deviation (RSD%)), degree of accuracy was 90.3-122.2% with r2=0.999 or above, and recovery rate was 91.6-114.9%. The limit of detection was 0.01-0.15 ㎍/mL, and the limits of quantitation ranged from 0.02 to 0.47 ㎍/mL. Lac pigment was not detected in 117 food products in the 10 food categories for which the use of lac pigment is banned. Multiple laccaic acids were detected in 105 food products in 6 food categories that are allowed to use lac color. Lac pigment concentrations range from 0.08 to 16.67 ㎍/mL.

A Study on Heavy Metal Concentrations of Oxidized Hair Coloring Products in Korea Market (한국에서 유통 중인 산화형 염모제의 중금속 농도에 관한 연구)

  • Choi, Chae Man;Hong, Mi Sun;Lee, Yun Jung;Kim, Hwa Soon;Kim, Hyun Jung;Kim, Jung Hun;Chae, Young Zoo
    • Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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    • v.39 no.3
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    • pp.241-249
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    • 2013
  • This study was aimed to provide the fundamental data about oxidized hair color products. For this reason, we collected 125 oxidized hair color products, which were distributed in domestic market from January to October, 2012, and measured the heavy metal concentrations of lead, arsenic, cadmium, chromium, manganese, nickel, copper in the samples. Results were compared by domestic, foreign, henna, type and color. The average metal concentrations were as follows; 0.211 ${\mu}g/g$ for lead, 0.008 ${\mu}g/g$ for cadmium, 0.051 ${\mu}g/g$ for arsenic, 0.954 ${\mu}g/g$ for chromium, 6.250 ${\mu}g/g$ for manganese, 0.591 ${\mu}g/g$ for nickel and 0.544 ${\mu}g/g$ for copper. In case of lead and arsenic, the concentrations were much less than the regulated amount (20 ${\mu}g/g$ and 10 ${\mu}g/g$, respectively) suggested by MFDS (Ministry of Food and Drug Safety). In henna (p < 0.05), the concentrations were significantly higher than those of other domestic and foreign oxidized hair color products as follows; 1.264 ${\mu}g/g$ for lead, 0.267 ${\mu}g/g$ for arsenic, 0.025 ${\mu}g/g$ for cadmium, 4.055 ${\mu}g/g$ for chromium, 72.044 ${\mu}g/g$ for manganese, 3.076 ${\mu}g/g$ for nickel and 4.640 ${\mu}g/g$ for copper. Statistically, it showed that the heavy metal concentrations were quite different for the different types of hair color products. The cream and liquid type products had the highest average concentration in chromium (0.708 ${\mu}g/g$, 0.478 ${\mu}g/g$, respectively). On the other hand, powder type products showed the highest concentration in manganese (60.041 ${\mu}g/g$). In addition, the concentrations of heavy metals and the color of products are not quite correlated. It was shown that average concentrations of lead and chromium were higher for yellow, chromium for red and pink, manganese for brown and black, and nickel for green.

Anthocyanin Composition and Characteristics of 'Gaeryangmeoru', 'Kyoho', and 'Hongisul' Grape Varieties ('개량머루', '거봉' 및 '홍이슬' 품종의 anthocyanin 조성과 특징)

  • Kwon, YongHee;Park, Hee-Seung
    • Horticultural Science & Technology
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    • v.33 no.4
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    • pp.470-478
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    • 2015
  • This study was investigated the anthocyanin composition of 'Gaeryangmeoru', 'Kyoho', and 'Hongisul' grapes cultivated in Korea using ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) coupled to a mass spectrometer (MS) equipped with an ESI (electrospray ionization) source. 'Gaeryangmeoru' is a dark-blue grape used for winemaking that can reach its coloring in unfavorable weather. The 'Kyoho' and 'Hongisul' varieties are hybrid grapes that feature black and pink skin, respectively. The anthocyanins extracted from the peels of grapes were analyzed using UPLC-ESI-MS/MS. Twenty-five anthocyanins were identified in the 'Gaeryangmeoru' and 'Kyoho' varieties, and 21 were identified in the 'Hongisul' variety. Eight, 14 and five predominant anthocyanins were identified in 'Gaeryangmeoru', 'Kyoho' and 'Hongisul' grape respectively. In all three varieties, mono-glucosides were 2.3-5.9 times more abundant than di-glucoside. Malvidin was the predominant anthocyanidin in 'Gaeryangmeoru' (44.1%) and 'Kyoho' (56.5%), but cyanidin (96.8%) was in 'Hongisul'. The acylated anthocyanins in 'Gaeryangmeoru' (2.0%) were rare, whereas acylated anthocyanins with p-coumaric acid were predominant in 'Kyoho' (40.9%) and 'Hongisul' (70.7%). In particular, cyanidin feruloyl glucoside was found only in the 'Hongisul' cultivar and considered to be useful as a criterion for identification of the variety. As a result, the grape varieties were demonstrated to have variety-specific anthocyanin characteristics, enabling classification based on anthocyanin composition in terms of anthocyanidins, glucosylation and acylation. The taxonomical application of anthocyanin composition confirmed the possibility that 'Gaeryangmeoru' originated from Vitis amurensis or its hybrids, and the 'Hongisul' grape was distinguished from other grapes by cyanidin feruloyl glucoside.

A Study of Coloration of Topaz(I): Mineralogical and Chemical Study on the Topaz Selected from Some Localities of the World (토파즈의 人工着色 處理를 위한 硏究(I) : 世界 主要 産地別 토파즈의 鑛物學的 및 化學的 特性)

  • Han, Yi-Kyeong;Park, Maeng-Eon;Jang, Yong-Nam
    • Journal of the Mineralogical Society of Korea
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    • v.5 no.2
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    • pp.109-121
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    • 1992
  • For the purpose of mineralogical and chemical study on the topazes from various localities of world(Brzail, China, India, Nigeria and Sri Lanka), electron microprobe analysis(EPMA), neutron activation analysis(NAA), X-ray diffractometry, Raman spectroscopy, etch test, scanning electron microscopy, refractive index, specific gravity, fluid inclusion were performed. The chemical composition in topaz was discussed along with its physical and structural properties. Variations in the unit-cell dimension and physical properties of topaz were found to have a close relations in the unit-cell dimension and physical properties of topaz were found to have a close relationship with extent of substitution of $OH^-\;for\;F^-$. According to neutron activation analyses, the trace elements had no effects on the physical properties of topaz. Raman spectra showed that the peaks of topaz were different in intensity from one locality to another. Etching defects in topaz includes negative crystal defect o point-bottom pit(India, Nigeria) and net work defect of curl-bottom pit(Brazil, China). Fluid inclusions in topaz may be classiffied into liquid $CO_2$-bearing inclusion, gaseous inclusion, halite, sylvite-bearing inclusion and liquid inclusion. The results of this study can be useful to devising artificial coloring methods for topaz with different mineralogical compositions.

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