• 한국안광학회지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.109-114
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• 2008

목적: 본 연구는 색각검사법의 반복측정에 따른 결과의 재현성을 평가하기 위해 진행하였다. 방법: 연구 대상자는 선천성 색각이상을 가지고 있지 않은 일개 대학교 안경광학과 학생 30명이었다. 색각이상검사 종류는 한식색각검사와 Hans 15 hue 검사 그리고 Lanthony D 15 hue 검사를 선택하였고, 3명의 검사자를 비교하기 위한 검사에서는 이시하라검사도 추가하였다. 결과: 가성동색표에서는 모두 정상으로 분류되어졌으나, 색분별법에서는 1명이 약한청황색각이상을 보였다. 가성동색표는 3번의 측정 및 검사자간 결과값이 일치하였으며, 색분별법 반복 측정에서 경미한 오류들의 차이가 나타났다. 그러나 실제 색각이상자의 분류에 있어서는 반복측정에 따른 결과값이 차이는 나타나지 않았다. 결론: 각 검사자는 비교적 간단한 색각검사라도 좀더 숙련된 기술로 피험자를 대하는 것이 필요하다. 피험 자 역시 세 번의 측정으로 인한 경험에 의존하여 색각검사를 하기보다는 매 검사는 신중을 기해야 함이 요구되어 진다. 선별검사에서는 두 가지 검사의 병행이 요구되어진다.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.41-46
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• 2014

Objectives: We have treated people who have color vision defects with oriental medicine; here we demonstrate several representative cases to illustrate the effectiveness of our treatment. Material and methods: We recruited study patients who visited one oriental hospital for color vision defects. We show several representative cases to illustrate the effectiveness of our treatment. The study initially consisted of 178 subjects who took part during a 3-year period. Subjects, all of whom consented to this treatment and trial, were classified by those who have a color vision defect and those who don't by the Ishihara test and another by the Hahn color vision test. We tried color vision correction treatment with acupuncture. Acupuncture therapy where the retina and optic nerves were activated was conducted in parallel with vision correction. Assessment of therapy was conducted at 30 times, 60 times, 90 times, or 120 times of therapy. Results: Assessment of therapy was performed by conducting treatment 30 times, 60 times, 90 times, or 120 times. Surprisingly, all subjects could correctly recognize color after the treatment; although there were case by case differences according to the number of therapy treatments each individual received. Conclusions: Color vision defects can be treated. To enable those with color vision defects to enjoy better quality of life and increased opportunity in color vision-dependent job fields, therapy to correct the problem is a viable option.

• 한국안광학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.89-91
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• 2007

본 연구는 광주광역시 소재 초등학교에 재학하고 있는 9세부터 13세까지 598명을 대상으로 검사하였다. 남학생 325(54.3%)명, 여학생 273(45.7%)명을 대상으로 "Hahn Color Vision Test"를 이용하여 초등학생들의 색각이상에 대하여 알아보았다. 검사 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 연령별 색각이상 분포는 9세 6.2%, 10세 9.2%, 12세 8.4%, 13세 7.8%로 조사대 상 총 589명 중 7.9%가 색각이상으로 조사되었다. 2. 색각이상 종류에 따른 분포는 적-녹 색각이상의 경우 조사대상자 598명 중 7.8%로 색 각이상 대부분이 적-녹 색각이상이었다. 청-황 색각이상은 한명도 없었다. 전색맹은 0.2%로 조사되었다. 3. 성별 색각이상 분포는 남학생의 경우 10.7%, 여학생의 경우 4.4%로 남학생이 여학생보다 높은 비율을 나타냈다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제41권6호
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• pp.397-406
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• 2008

This paper reviews the published literature that is concerned with color vision impairment from industrial and environmental exposure to neurotoxic substances, and we evaluated whether testing for color vision impairment could be an affordable procedure for assessing these neurotoxic effects. In general, most cases of congenital color vision impairment are red-green, and blue-yellow impairment is extremely rare. However, most of the acquired color vision impairment that is related to age, alcohol or environmental factors is blue-yellow impairment. Therefore, many studies have been performed to identify this relationship between exposure to neurotoxic substances, such as organic solvents and heavy metals, and the prevalence of blue-yellow color vision impairment. The test for color vision impairment is known to be very sensitive to the early signs of nervous system dysfunction and this can be useful for making the early diagnosis of neurotoxic effects from exposure to very low concentrations of toxic substances.

• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.344-349
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• 2013

This paper proposes a simulation algorithm to assess the gradual yellowing vision of the elderly, which refers to the predominance of yellowness in their vision due to aging of the ocular optic media. This algorithm employed the spectral transmittance property of a yellow filter to represent the color appearance perceived by elderly people with yellow vision, and modeled the changes in the color space through a spectrum change in light using the yellow filter effect. The spectral reflectivity data of 1269 Munsell matte color chips were used as reference data. Under the standard conditions of a D65 illuminant and a $10^{\circ}$ observer of 1964 CIE, the spectrum of the 1269 Munsell colors were processed through the yellow filter effect to simulate yellow vision. Various degrees of yellow vision were modeled according to the transmittance percentage of the yellow filter. The color differences before and after the yellow filter effect were calculated using the DE2000 formula, and the color pairs were selected based on the color difference function. These color pairs are distinguishable through normal vision, but the color difference diminishes as the degree of yellow vision increases. Assuming 80% of yellow vision effect, 17 color pairs out of $(1269{\times}1268)/2$ pairs were selected, and for the 90% of yellow vision effect, only 3 color pairs were selected. The result of this study can be utilized for the diagnosis system of gradual yellow vision, making various types of test charts with selected color pairs.

• Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.16-21
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• 2003

In the agricultural field, a machine vision system has been widely used to automate most inspection processes especially in quality grading. Though machine vision system was very effective in quantifying geometrical quality factors, it had a deficiency in quantifying color information. This study was conducted to evaluate color of beef using machine vision system. Though measuring color of a beef using machine vision system had an advantage of covering whole lean tissue area at a time compared to a colorimeter, it revealed the problem of sensitivity depending on the system components such as types of camera, lighting conditions, and so on. The effect of color balancing control of a camera was investigated and multi-layer BP neural network based color calibration process was developed. Color calibration network model was trained using reference color patches and showed the high correlation with L*a*b* coordinates of a colorimeter. The proposed calibration process showed the successful adaptability to various measurement environments such as different types of cameras and light sources. Compared results with the proposed calibration process and MLR based calibration were also presented. Color calibration network was also successfully applied to measure the color of the beef. However, it was suggested that reflectance properties of reference materials for calibration and test materials should be considered to achieve more accurate color measurement.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.256-262
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• 2007

Image processing systems have been used to measure the plant parameters such as size, shape and structure of plants. There are yet some limited applications for evaluating plant colors due to illumination conditions. This study was focused to present adaptive methods to analyze plant leaf color regardless of illumination conditions. Color patches attached on the calibration bars were selected to represent leaf colors of lettuces and to test a possibility of health monitoring of lettuces. Repeatability of assigning leaf colors to color patches was investigated by two-tailed t-test for paired comparison. It resulted that there were no differences of assignment histogram between two images of one lettuce that were acquired at different light conditions. It supported that use of the calibration bars proposed for leaf color analysis provided color constancy, which was one of the most important issues in a video color analysis. A health discrimination equation was developed to classify lettuces into one of two classes, SOUND group and POOR group, using the machine vision. The classification accuracy of the developed health discrimination equation was 80.8%, compared to farmers' decision. This study could provide a feasible method to develop a standard color chart for evaluating leaf colors of plants and plant health monitoring system using the machine vision.

• 한국안광학회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.307-312
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• 2011

목적: 경기도 두 도시지역 거주자들중 넓은 범위의 연령대에서 선천적색각이상과 연령관련 색각이상의 유병률을 조사하였다. 방법: 남자 452명, 여자 483명으로 구성된 총 935명의 연구대상자가 본 연구에 참여하였다. 색각검사는 Lanthony 15 panel test를 사용하였다. 결과: 연구대상자 중 색각이상을 나타낸 유병률은 전체 4.81%, 남자 6.64%, 여자 3.11%였다. 선천적 색각이상은 남자 3.54%, 여자 0.41%였다. 연령에 따른 후천적 청황색색각이상은 2.99%(남자 3.32%, 여자 2.69%)였다. 결론: 연구결과는 색각이상이 연령에 영향을 받는다는 것을 나타내며, 나이에 의한 색각장애로서 청황색색각이상은 50세 이후 연령그룹에서 가장 높은 비율로 발생한다.

• 한국안광학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.5-9
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• 2000

시유발전위는 시피질 뇌파의 반응을 알 수 있는 전기 생리학적인 검사법이다. 이 검사는 눈의 기능을 타각적으로 검사하는 검사법이다. 본 연구는 색각에 대한 객관적인 검사를 위해 시유발전위를 사용하였다. 검사조건은 거리와 조명의 차이를 다르게 한 상태에서 실시하였다. 피검자는 한국인 성인으로 정상색각자를 대상으로 하였다. 수렴운동 상태에서 색각의 시표적에 따라서 시자극에 관계하는 시피질의 뇌파의 빈도는 델타파가 가장 많고, 다음으로 메타파, 세타파 그리고 알파파의 순으로 나타났다. 뇌파의 진폭에 대한 히스토그램은 거의 비정규분 포곡선을 가지며, 위상 분석에서는 대게 선형을 나타내었다. 시표의 종류에 따른 뇌파의 빈도는 비슷한 결과를 나타내었다.

• 한국안광학회지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.329-337
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• 2005

본 연구에서는 지역에 따른 어린이들의 색각이상 유병율을 보고자 했다. 연구대상자는 4개 지역의 3-6 학년 초등학생들을 대상으로 하였다. 혈중 납과 요중 수은은 원자흡광분석기로 측정을 하였으며, 모든 연구대상자들은 CDC와 ATSDR 권고기준 이하였다. 색각검사는 Lanthony D-15 desaturated panel test를 이용하였으며, 정량적 평가와 정성적 평가를 동시에 시행하였다. 연구결과 공단지역 어린이들은 다른 지역에 비해 높은 색혼돈지수와 유병율을 보였다. 환경오염노출과 관련해서는 혈중 납과 요중 수은과의 연관성은 찾을 수 없었다. 따라서 본 연구결과 공단지역 어린이들의 색각이상에는 다른 영향요인이 작용했을 것으로 본다.