• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.238-243
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• 1987

In this study, an acidoduric Streptomyces strain was isolated and identified from acidic forest soil around Dankook University, Cheonan Campus. This isolated strain had rod-shaped, smooth, non-motile spore and the shape of spore chain was compact spiral. This structure appeared similar to the sporangium of the genus Streptosporangium but this strain proved to be a Streptomyces strain by an electron microscopic study and cell wall analysis. This strain showed a best growth on neutral medium, was also able to grow on the acidic media of pH 4.0 and pH 5.0. The color determination of this strain on various agar media and other physiological tests were carried out by ISP-methods. From these results, the isolated strain was considered to be Streptomyces mirabilis.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.579-585
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• 1999

Proteins from the loin tissues age ranged from 0 to 24 months of ten Korean cattle were extracted, separated and compared on two dimensional(2 D) gels to identify the proteins whose expression is highly correlated to marbling. We also compared the difference of loin proteins between castrated and non castrated bull cows on two dimensional gels. As the marbling in the loin of the cattle is optimized at 18 to 24 months, eight proteins expressed significantly higher level in 24 month than in 0 or 6 month were selected in terms of isoelectric points(pIs) and molecular weights. Using these values, we searched the Swiss Prot database via the ExPASy molecular biology server with TagIdent program. The proteins with the nearest molecular weights and isoelectric points were selected from the lists. These possible candidates were confirmed by N terminal microsequencing of the eight selected proteins. Three proteins, myoglobin, hemoglobin and ATPase, whose N termini were not blocked could be microsequenced and found to be exactly matched to the selected candidates. It is suggested that the proteins increasingly expressed in marbling periods can be involved in meat color, lipid transport and flavor improvement.

• ALGAE
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.307-330
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• 2013

The genus Cryptomonas is easily recognized by having two flagella, green brownish color, and a swaying behavior. They have relatively simple morphology, and limited diagnostic characters, which present a major difficulty in differentiating between species of the genus. To understand species delineation and phylogenetic relationships among Cryptomonas species, the nuclear-encoded internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2), partial large subunit (LSU) and small subunit ribosomal DNA (rDNA), and chloroplast-encoded psbA and LSU rDNA sequences were determined and used for phylogenetic analyses, using Bayesian and maximum likelihood methods. In addition, nuclear-encoded ITS2 sequences were predicted to secondary structures, and were used to determine nine species and four unidentified species from 47 strains. Sequences of helix I, II, and IIIb in ITS2 secondary structure were very useful for the identification of Cryptomonas species. However, the helix IV was the most variable region across species in alignment. The phylogenetic tree showed that fourteen species were monophyletic. However, some strains of C. obovata had chloroplasts with pyrenoid while others were without pyrenoid, which used as a key character in few species. Therefore, classification systems depending solely on morphological characters are inadequate, and require the use of molecular data.

• The Journal of Korea Robotics Society
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.301-310
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• 2019

A new algorithm has been propose to detect the reflected light region as disturbances in a real-time vision system. There have been several attempts to detect existing reflected light region. The conventional mathematical approach requires a lot of complex processes so that it is not suitable for a real-time vision system. On the other hand, when a simple detection process has been applied, the reflected light region can not be detected accurately. Therefore, in order to detect reflected light region for a real-time vision system, the detection process requires a new algorithm that is as simple and accurate as possible. In order to extract the reflected light, the proposed algorithm has been adopted several filter equations and clustering processes in the HSI (Hue Saturation Intensity) color space. Also the proposed algorithm used the pre-defined reflected light data generated through the clustering processes to make the algorithm simple. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm, several images with the reflected region have been used and the reflected regions are detected successfully.

• Mycobiology
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• v.49 no.1
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• pp.24-45
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• 2021

The occurrence of Austroboletus subflavidus and Fistulinella gloeocarpa is documented from the Dominican Republic. The latter species is reported for the first time outside its original locality in Martinique, extending the geographic range for this uncommon pinkish-spored bolete. A detailed morphological description is provided for each species and accompanied by color pictures of fresh basidiomes in habitat and line drawings of the main anatomical features. Both species represent independent lineages within their respective genera based on phylogenetic inference. In addition, A. subflavidus clusters in a sister lineage to the core Austroboletus clade (Austroboletus clade I) here named as Austroboletus clade II. In order to confirm the accuracy of species identification, their identity and relationships were subjected to multilocus phylogenetic analyses of three gene markers (ITS, nrLSU, RPB2) including genetic material already available in public databases. Austroboletus subflavidus is a widely distributed species in North and Central America, whereas F. gloeocarpa is apparently highly localized and seems to appear sparingly in the Dominican Republic, Martinque, and southern Florida. Comparisons with morphologically similar and molecularly inferred allied species are also presented and discussed.

• Mycobiology
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• v.51 no.3
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• pp.186-194
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• 2023

In July 2021, wilting symptoms were observed in adult and seedling hemp (Cannabis sativa L. cv. Cherry Blossom) plants grown in a greenhouse. As the disease progressed, yellowing and wilting symptoms on the leaves developed, resulting in whole plant death. In seedling plants, typical damping-off symptoms were observed. To identify the pathogen, the roots of diseased plants were sampled, surface sterilized, and cultured on potato dextrose agar (PDA) media. From the culture, 4 different fungal isolates were recovered and purely cultured. Each fungal isolate showed distinct growth shapes and color development on malt extract agar, oatmeal agar, sabouraud dextrose agar, and PDA media. Microscopic observation and molecular identification using ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer sequencing identified them as 3 Fusarium spp. and 1 Thielaviopsis paradoxa. Additional sequencing of elongation factor 1-alpha and b-tubulin regions of 3 Fusarium spp. revealed that 2 of them are Fusarium solani, and the other one is Fusarium proliferatum. To examine which isolate can act as a causal agent of wilt disease of hemp, each isolate was tested for their pathogenicity. In the pathogenicity test, F. solani AMCF1 and AMCF2, and F. proliferatum AMCF3, but not T. paradoxa AMCF4, were able to cause wilting disease in hemp seedlings. Therefore, we report that F. solani AMCF1 and AMCF2, and F. proliferatum AMCF3 as causal agents of Fusarium wilt of hemp plants. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the wilt disease of C. sativa L. caused by Fusarium spp. in Korea.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.89-94
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• 2024

Indian subcontinent is a birthplace of multilingual people where documents such as job application form, passport, number plate identification, and so forth is composed of text contents written in different languages/scripts. These scripts may be in the form of different indic numerals in a single document page. Due to this reason, building a generic recognizer that is capable of recognizing handwritten indic digits written by diverse writers is needed. Also, a lot of work has been done for various non-Indic numerals particularly, in case of Roman, but, in case of Indic digits, the research is limited. Moreover, most of the research focuses with only on MNIST datasets or with only single datasets, either because of time restraints or because the model is tailored to a specific task. In this work, a hybrid model is proposed to recognize all available indic handwritten digit images using the existing benchmark datasets. The proposed method bridges the automatically learnt features of Capsule Network with hand crafted Bag of Feature (BoF) extraction method. Along the way, we analyze (1) the successes (2) explore whether this method will perform well on more difficult conditions i.e. noise, color, affine transformations, intra-class variation, natural scenes. Experimental results show that the hybrid method gives better accuracy in comparison with Capsule Network.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.82-87
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• 2024

Leatherleaf fern (Rumohra adiantiformis) is an important ornamental plant in Indonesia and global. Green fern leaves with bold dark green color with long shelf-life, attract florists as decoration. Indonesia is one important leatherleaf fern exporters, however currently an outbreak of leaf blight decreased production significantly. Initial symptom was reddish brown spots from edge of leaf, which was gradually followed by dark-brown necrotic lesions causing leaf blight and dried. This is a study to do Koch-Postulate approach and molecular identification, to identify the pathogen of the "new emerging disease" reported. Based on multigene analysis using primers from ITS, β-tub and tef1-α gene markers, the pathogen was identified as Neopestalotiopsis sp. All sequences have been deposited in GenBank with accession number of OR905551 (ITS), OR899817 (ßtubulin) and OR899816 (TEF). This Neopestalotiopsis leaf blight causes an emerging concern in leatherleaf fern in Indonesia and global biosecurity because it infected an export commodity.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.54-62
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• 1974

62 specimens of deteriorated rice which were collected all over Korea, were classified according to their color outlooks, and the causitive microorganisms were isolated and identified. The following results were observed; 1. 62 specimens of deteriorated rice were classified according to color outlooks into 7 types; reddish yellow, light reddish yellow, light gray yellow, light reddish yellow, light gray yellow, light red, ligt gray, dark gray and rice weevil type. 2. The isolated microorganisms from 62 specimens of deteriorated rice were 44 species, 5 genera of molds, 1 species of yeast, and 14 species, 4 genera of bacteria. 3. The frequently observed microorganisms which caused the deterioration were Asp. glaucus group, Asp. oryzae, Asp. candidus, and Asp. versicolor. Among bacteria, Bacillus was dominant. 4. The relationship between color outlook types and the deterioration causing microrrganisms was not definite, but Pen. islandicum from reddish yellow, Asp. candidus and Asp. clavatus from light reddish yellow, Asp. glaucus group, Asp. candidus, Asp. versicolor and Asp. fumigatus from light red, Asp. oryzae from light gray yellow, and Asp. glaucus group and Pencillium species from light gray and dark gray were chiefly isolated. 5. As mycotoxin producing fungi, Asp. fumigatus, Pen. citrinum, Pen. islandicum, Asp. flavus, and Asp. ochraceus were detected, but their growth frequencies were not very high to be problems except Pen, islandicum which infected an imported rice sample heavily.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.372-378
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• 2017

For comparison of the transcription profiles in apple (Malus domestica L.) cultivars differing in flesh color expression, two cDNA libraries were constructed. Differences in gene expression between red flesh apple cultivar, 'Redfield' and white flesh apple cultivar, 'Granny Smith' were investigated by next-generation sequencing (NGS). Expressed sequence tag (EST) of clones from the red flesh apple cultivar and white flesh apple cultivar were selected for nucleotide sequence determination and homology searches. High resolution melting (HRM) technique measures temperature induced strand separation of short PCR amplicons, and is able to detect variation as small as one base difference between red flesh apple cultivars and white flesh apple cultivars. We applied high resolution melting (HRM) analysis to discover single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) based on the predicted SNP information derived from the apple EST database. All 103 pairs of SNPs were discriminated, and the HRM profiles of amplicons were established. Putative SNPs were screened from the apple EST contigs by HRM analysis displayed specific difference between 10 red flesh apple cultivars and 11 white flesh apple cultivars. In this study, we report an efficient method to develop SNP markers from an EST database with HRM analysis in apple. These SNP markers could be useful for apple marker assisted breeding and provide a good reference for relevant research on molecular mechanisms of color variation in apple cultivars.