• Title/Summary/Keyword: Color coordinate

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Skin Pigment Recognition using Projective Hemoglobin- Melanin Coordinate Measurements

  • Yang, Liu;Lee, Suk-Hwan;Kwon, Seong-Geun;Song, Ha-Joo;Kwon, Ki-Ryong
    • Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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    • v.11 no.6
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    • pp.1825-1838
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    • 2016
  • The detection of skin pigment is crucial in the diagnosis of skin diseases and in the evaluation of medical cosmetics and hairdressing. Accuracy in the detection is a basis for the prompt cure of skin diseases. This study presents a method to recognize and measure human skin pigment using Hemoglobin-Melanin (HM) coordinate. The proposed method extracts the skin area through a Gaussian skin-color model estimated from statistical analysis and decomposes the skin area into two pigments of hemoglobin and melanin using an Independent Component Analysis (ICA) algorithm. Then, we divide the two-dimensional (2D) HM coordinate into rectangular bins and compute the location histograms of hemoglobin and melanin for all the bins. We label the skin pigment of hemoglobin, melanin, and normal skin on all bins according to the Bayesian classifier. These bin-based HM projective histograms can quantify the skin pigment and compute the standard deviation on the total quantification of skin pigments surrounding normal skin. We tested our scheme using images taken under different illumination conditions. Several cosmetic coverings were used to test the performance of the proposed method. The experimental results show that the proposed method can detect skin pigments with more accuracy and evaluate cosmetic covering effects more effectively than conventional methods.

Color Collection of LCD Monitor Using High-order Multilayer Neural Network (고차 다층구조 신경회로망을 이용한 LCD 모니터의 색 보정)

  • Jung, Jae-Hoon;Lee, Dong-Wook;Ahn, Kang-Sic;Cho, Seok-Je
    • The KIPS Transactions:PartB
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    • v.11B no.2
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    • pp.169-176
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    • 2004
  • This paper presents a new color correction method for color reproduction on LCD-based monitor by means of high-order multilayer neural networks. LCD monitors have nonlinear characteristics from various displaying system components. To overcome these nonlinearities and produce quality image, we need a nonlinear transformer for color coordinate transformation between the LCD monitor coordinates and the input color stimulus values. A high-order multilayer neural network is effectively trained to learn a mapping to determine the required color value of monitors for producing a given color stimulus. From the experimental results, the proposed method is effective in reproducing the color images.

Harmony Evaluation for Same-color Coloration of Makeup and Clothing (메이크업과 의복의 동일색상 배색에 따른 조화감 평가)

  • Jeong, Su-Jin
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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    • v.31 no.5 s.164
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    • pp.801-812
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    • 2007
  • In this research, 128 stimuli of same-color coloration of lipstick and clothing were evaluated to the degree of harmony in the coordination of makeup and clothing color depending on the combination of eyeshadow color, lipstick color, lipstick tone, clothing style, and clothing tone. As to the brown eyeshadow, vivid lipstick and vivid, dull clothing, dull lipstick and light, dull, dark clothing, dark lipstick and dull, dark clothing among the combinations of red lipstick and clothing, vivid lipstick and vivid, light, dark clothing, dull lipstick and light, dull, dark clothing, dark lipstick and dark, clothing among the combinations of orange lipstick and clothing were evaluated as harmonious coloration regardless of the clothing style. As to the violet eyeshadow, vivid lipstick and vivid clothing, dull lipstick and light, dark clothing, dark lipstick and dull, dark clothing among the combinations of red lipstick and clothing, vivid lipstick and vivid, dull clothing, dull lipstick and vivid, light, dull clothing, dark lipstick and vivid, dull, dark clothing among the purple lipstick and clothing were evaluated as harmonious coloration regardless of the clothing style. Thus, the degree of harmony cannot only be different according to the clothing style even in the same coloration, but also the same clothing style can be perceived to be different degree of harmony depending on how the color and tone of clothing and lipstick are coordinate.

Design of Mobile Display Color Control Algorithm Using Red and Blue Color Emphasis with Skin Color Protection

  • Ha Joo-Young;Kim Joo-Hyun;Yang Hoon-Gee;Kang Bong-Soon
    • The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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    • v.31 no.3C
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    • pp.264-270
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    • 2006
  • In this paper, we propose the modified display color control system using white point line, boundary lines and S-shaped curves to emphasize blue and red tone colors on CIE1931 diagram. The proposed system divides RGB gamut into movable area and non-movable area by using boundary lines. The colors in movable area are moved into right side or left side along quadratic curve to change the bluish (or reddish) color to more bluish (or more reddish), while those in non-movable area are excepted from color control to prevent skin color from changing. The loci of the quadratic curves are very similar to the arc of the white-point line which connects all points that represent the chromaticities of a black body radiator at different temperatures and is also called the black body locus. The RGB gamut extension by movement of chromaticity coordinate can improve color reproducibility. Therefore in the case of application to LCD, the display shows excellent performance because the LCD's color reproducibility is comparatively lower than that of other display systems. The proposed system is also experimentally demonstrated with Xilinx Virtex FPGA XCV2000E- 6BG560 and the TV set.

A Comparative Study of Men's Global Apparel Brand Websites: Focused on Color Application of Local & Global Websites (남성 글로벌 브랜드의 국내외 웹사이트 색채 특성 비교)

  • Park, Ha-Na;Cho, Ju-Yeon;Lee, Kyu-Hye
    • The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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    • v.17 no.2
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    • pp.343-351
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    • 2009
  • As more and more consumers shop online, websites of fashion brands have become effective means for business activities. The Colors of web sites are the most effective visual elements for e-tailers to communicate with consumers. The purpose of this study is to compare websites created for local and global markets by men's apparel brands. The empirical study focused on differences of color application between the local and global websites. Fourteen brands were chosen for the study. The main color, sub color, and accent color were extracted according to the screen component ratios for each website. The colors were analyzed by Munsell's 10 Hues and 12 tone classifications of Practical Color Coordinate System. The Results indicated that all websites were using White as the main color. The local website used pale tones while global websites used dark tones. There was also differences in the use of sub colors and tones. Red was most used as the accent color in both local and global websites.

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Software development for the visualization of brain fiber tract by using 24-bit color coding in diffusion tensor image

  • Oh, Jung-Su;Song, In-Chan;Ik hwan Cho;Kim, Jong-Hyo;Chang, Kee-Hyun;Park, Kwang-Suk
    • Proceedings of the KSMRM Conference
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    • 2002.11a
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    • pp.133-133
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    • 2002
  • Purpose: The purpose of paper is to implement software to visualize brain fiber tract using a 24-bit color coding scheme and to test its feasibility. Materials and Methods: MR imaging was performed on GE 1.5 T Signa scanner. For diffusion tensor image, we used a single shot spin-echo EPI sequence with 7 non-colinear pulsed-field gradient directions: (x, y, z):(1,1,0),(-1,1,0),(1,0,1),(-1,0,1),(0,1,1),(0,1,-1) and without diffusion gradient. B-factor was 500 sec/$\textrm{mm}^2$. Acquisition parameters are as follows: TUTE=10000ms/99ms, FOV=240mm, matrix=128${\times}$128, slice thickness/gap=6mm/0mm, total slice number=30. Subjects consisted of 10 normal young volunteers (age:21∼26 yrs, 5 men, 5 women). All DTI images were smoothed with Gaussian kernel with the FWHM of 2 pixels. Color coding schemes for visualization of directional information was as follows. HSV(Hue, Saturation, Value) color system is appropriate for assigning RGB(Red, Green, and Blue) value for every different directions because of its volumetric directional expression. Each of HSV are assigned due to (r,$\theta$,${\Phi}$) in spherical coordinate. HSV calculated by this way can be transformed into RGB color system by general HSV to RGB conversion formula. Symmetry schemes: It is natural to code the antipodal direction to be same color(antipodal symmetry). So even with no symmetry scheme, the antipodal symmetry must be included. With no symmetry scheme, we can assign every different colors for every different orientation.(H =${\Phi}$, S=2$\theta$/$\pi$, V=λw, where λw is anisotropy). But that may assign very discontinuous color even between adjacent yokels. On the other hand, Full symmetry or absolute value scheme includes symmetry for 180$^{\circ}$ rotation about xy-plane of color coordinate (rotational symmetry) and for both hemisphere (mirror symmetry). In absolute value scheme, each of RGB value can be expressed as follows. R=λw|Vx|, G=λw|Vy|, B=λw|Vz|, where (Vx, Vy, Vz) is eigenvector corresponding to the largest eigenvalue of diffusion tensor. With applying full symmetry or absolute value scheme, we can get more continuous color coding at the expense of coding same color for symmetric direction. For better visualization of fiber tract directions, Gamma and brightness correction had done. All of these implementations were done on the IDL 5.4 platform.

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Untouched Camera Mouse System for The Disabled Person's Assistant Device (뇌병변 장애인 보조기기용 노터치 카메라 마우스 시스템)

  • Bae, Ki-Tae
    • Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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    • v.11 no.9
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    • pp.3465-3471
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    • 2010
  • In this paper, we propose assistant device system based on camera that can perform general mouse function for the physically disabled. Most disabled people use special hardware and rely largely on foreign-made assistance device and the using rate of assistance device was very low because of high price. To solve this problem, we propose effective system based on web camera that can perform general mouse function and can raise accessibility for the physically disabled. In the proposed method, we firstly attach color marker on arbitrary device or body parts and then input the information of color using camera and extract coordinate information of color marker and finally, match processing information(coordinate) to special event(keyboard, mouse) and control various applications. The proposed method shows good performance in price and performance compared with other techniques by real field test.

Picture Quality Improvement System to prevent the Saturation and Decoloration using Skin Protection Algorithm(SPA) on CIE 1976 u'v' Chromaticity Coordinates (색상의 포화 및 탈색현상 방지를 위한 CIE 1976 u'v' 색도 좌표에서의 SPA를 이용한 화질개선 시스템)

  • Yang, Jeong-Ju;Yook, Ji-Hong;Choi, Hyun-Chul;Kang, Bong-Soon
    • Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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    • v.15 no.3
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    • pp.589-596
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    • 2011
  • Picture Quality Improvement Systems(PQIS) have been developed for user's needs with the development of display technology. Most PQIS change the all input data, so there were some color distortion. In order to compensate such problems, the PQIS using Skin Protection Algorithm(SPA) have been proposed. But the PQIS using SPA is performed simplex color emphasis, as a result occurred color saturation and decoloration. In this paper, we proposed the modified PQIS using SPA on CIE 1976 u'v' chromaticity coordinate. The modified method operated chromaticity extension and reduction at the same time about brightness value to prevent the saturation and decoloration. We evaluated by comparing the conventional method with the proposed method of RGB Gamut variation rate using 42 test image.

Color Correction in Portable-type Urine Analyzer

  • Kim, Jae-Hyung;Park, Chang-Hee;Lee, Seung-Jin;Jeon, Gye-Rok;Kim, Gi-Ryon
    • Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Materials
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    • v.3 no.4
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    • pp.21-26
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    • 2002
  • Color correction methods of chromaticity coordinates using Color Matching Function (CMF) were studied to develop a device-independent portable-type urine analyzer. The reflection spectra were measured for the degrees of 10 test items of the urine reagent strip (urine strip) to develop a portable-type urine analyzer. A computer simulation was performed to quantitatively distinguish the color reactions of the urine system, by using the spectral power distribution of Light Emitting Diode(LED), the reflection of a urine strip, and spectral sensitivity of a photodiode. To develop a device-independent system, chromaticity coordinates were modified to reduce the color deviations in the urine strip, by using the temperature compensation of LED and the color transformation by CMF. The experimental values obtained by developed urine system exhibited the accuracy above 95% for all color samples.

Recognition of Missing and Bad Seedings via Color Image Precessing (칼라 영상처리에 의한 결주 및 불량모 인식)

  • 손재룡;강창호;한길수;정성림;권기영
    • Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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    • v.26 no.3
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    • pp.253-262
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    • 2001
  • This study was conducted to develop the vision system of a robotic transplanter for plug-seedling. A color image processing algorithm was developed to identify and locate empty cells and bad plants in the seedling tray. The image of pepper and tomato seedling tray was segmented into regions of plants, frame and soil using threshold technique which utilized Q of YIQ for finding leaves and H of HSI for finding frame of tray in the color coordinate system. The recognition system was able to successfully identify empty cells and bad seeding and locate their two-dimensional locations. The overall success rate of the recognition system was about 99%.

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