• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.15-23
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• 2006

A new fastness formula based on CIEDE2000 color-difference formula is developed by B. Rigg and his coworkers. It is very simple to calculate fastness grade for color change than ISO 105-A05 fastness formula based on CIELAB color-difference formula. Sample pair sets which cover a wide range color space were accumulated from NCS(Natural Color System) color book. For those sample pair sets, visual measurement experiment and instrument measurement experiment of fastness grade were carried out and each performance of ISO 105-A02 fastness formula and newly developed fastness formula was compared through degree of agreement for visual measurement result. Newly developed fastness formula indicated improved performance for measuring fastness grade but current ISO fastness formula for assessing change in color, ISO 105-A05, was confirmed that it's performance is inadequate to measure fastness grade. Then fastness formulae were examined more closely according to particular color spaces and the correlation of hue, lightness and chrom for measuring fastness grade was also considered in this study.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.72-79
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• 2006

There are many discrepancies between visually perceived color-difference and that which is quantified from an instrumental measurement when dark color samples are measured in the textile industry. The samples were prepared to represent these dark shades and the values of the instrumental results from conventional color-difference formulae(CIELAB, CMC, BFD II, CIE94, LCD99 and CIEDE2000). Those of visual assessment were compared. The experimental results show that the CIELAB formula gives the best performance over other formulae, and the CIEDE2000 formula for the color-difference according to chroma presents the worst performance. Therefore, we can say that the problems in color matching of dark shades are caused by imperfect formula, because the results obtained from a color-difference formulae are different and the CMC which is used as a standard color-difference formula in the textile industry is not correct. So, a revised color-difference formula is proposed in this study, to account for these problems.

• 복식
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• 제41권
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• pp.49-62
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• 1998

This study investigates the color of daily clothes of middle era of Yi dynasty by examining the color of excavated clothing which was the real clothes in 16th and 17th centuries. The purposes of this study lie in understanding emotional feeling observed by exact measurement of the color of the excavated and devising a method of reserving the color of the excavated by inspecting the discolored color of the excavated. For this, the color difference was measured by color measuring system. Minolta Chroma-meter, and then recorded in L*a*b system. The 3-dimensional color difference was observed by analyzing these data on Methmetica and change in color with ageing was assessed by reconstructing the color by Phoposhop. The color construction of daily clothes of middle era of the Chosun Dynasty was founded on a philosophy, and it was made up of colors such as white, brown, and blue. This color construction seemed to be based on the philosophy of naturalism symbolizing surrounding nature, e.g., white symbolizes Bak-sasang(bak-philosophy) and blue implies Eumyangohangsul.

• 한국농촌생활과학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.28-36
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to examine the best condition for dyeing silk in green color used kudzu-vine leaves which were available everywhere in our country except winter. Dyeing experiments were done under various dyeing conditions according to extracting method of dyebath from kudsu-vine leaves, pH of dyebath, dyeing time, concentration of dyebath and mordants which were treated after dyeing. Color difference ($\Delta$E) and Munsell's HV/C and color fastness to drycleaning, washing, perspiration and light were measured. The main results were as follows : 1. The color difference of dyed silk increased in dyebath B & C which were extracted in alkali water comparing with dyebath A which was extracted in distilled water. In dyebath B & C, the color difference was the highest in case of dyebath pH 5.0. 2. The colors of fabrics dyed in dyebath A were mainly yellow and the colors in dyebath B & C were yellow green. 3. The color differences of dyed silk increased according to dyeing time and concentration of dyebath. 4. The color were changed with the treatment of mordants. The most strong green color could get in Cu mordant treatment in dyebath C, pH 5.0, and concentration 4. 5. The peak of reflectance within the visible light of the fabric dyed in the most strong green color could be seen in $\lambda$500-520nm. 6. On the whole, the colorfastness of experimental fabrics dyed in dyebath B, C and Cu mordant treatment was good except the colorfastness to the light.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.80-87
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• 2006

A new fastness formula based on the CIEDE2000 color-difference formula was developed by B. Rigg and his coworkers. It is much simpler to calculate the staining fastness grade than the ISO 105-A04 fastness formula based on the CIELAB color-difference formula. Sample pair sets, which cover a wide color space range were accumulated from the NCS(Natural Color System) color book. for those sample pair sets, a visual measurement experiment and an instrumental measurement experiment of fastness grade were carried out. Each performance of the ISO 105-A43 fastness formula and newly developed fastness formula was compared through degree of agreement for visual measurement results. The newly developed fastness formula indicated improved performance for measuring fastness grade as it was confirmed that the performance of the current ISO fastness formula ISO 105-A04 for assessing staining, was inadequate for measuring fastness grade. Then the fastness formulae were examined more closely according to the particular color spaces and the correlation of hue, lightness and chroma for measuring staining fastness grade was also considered to recommend more improved fastness formula. By modifying the weighting functions of CIEDE2000, which is a basis of new fastness formula developed by B. Rigg, a modified fastness formula is proposed in this study.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.187-202
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• 2023

This study focuses on the application of a new measurement method that quantifies the residual color of filtered water using a spectrocolorimeter after filtering the discolored substances. It was confirmed through the color and turbidity cross-test that the discolored substances cannot be measured effectively with the current legal color and turbidity test method. Therefore, the National Institute of Environmental Research's filter testing method, which involves filtering the sample through 0.45 ㎛ filter and visually inspecting the color, was improved. A membrane filter colorimetry (MFC) method was established by measuring the color difference (ΔE*ab(65)) of the filtered filter using a spectrophotometer and expressing it as filter color unit (FCU). Using the MFC method, the FCU for reference materials such as iron and manganese, as well as field samples, was measured. The results showed a high correlation with turbidity, and the color difference patterns varied depending on the type of reference materials and field samples. This indicates that the MFC method is an effective new measurement method of discolored tap water.

• IEIE Transactions on Smart Processing and Computing
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.10-18
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• 2014

From the perspective of reducing the sampling cost of color images at high resolution, block-based compressive sensing (CS) has attracted considerable attention as a promising alternative to conventional Nyquist/Shannon sampling. On the other hand, for storing/transmitting applications, CS requires a very efficient way of representing the measurement data in terms of data volume. This paper addresses this problem by developing a measurement-coding method with the proposed customized Huffman coding. In addition, by noting the difference in visual importance between the luma and chroma channels, this paper proposes measurement coding in YCbCr space rather than in conventional RGB color space for better rate allocation. Furthermore, as the proper use of the image property in pursuing smoothness improves the CS recovery, this paper proposes the integration of a low pass filter to the CS recovery of color images, which is the block-based ${\ell}_{20}$-norm minimization. The proposed coding scheme shows considerable gain compared to conventional measurement coding.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.589-601
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• 2014

The performance of edge detection often relies on its ability to correctly determine the dissimilarities of connected pixels. For grayscale images, the dissimilarity of two pixels is estimated by a scalar difference of their intensities and for color images, this is done by using the vector difference (color distance) of the three-color components. The Euclidean distance in the RGB color space typically measures a color distance. However, the RGB space is not suitable for edge detection since its color components do not coincide with the information human perception uses to separate objects from backgrounds. In this paper, we propose a novel method for color edge detection by taking advantage of the HSV color space and the Mahalanobis distance. The HSV space models colors in a manner similar to human perception. The Mahalanobis distance independently considers the hue, saturation, and lightness and gives them different degrees of contribution for the measurement of color distances. Therefore, our method is robust against the change of lightness as compared to previous approaches. Furthermore, we will introduce a noise-resistant technique for determining image gradients. Various experiments on simulated and real-world images show that our approach outperforms several existing methods, especially when the images vary in lightness or are corrupted by noise.

• 조명전기설비학회논문지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.1-6
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• 1998

본 연구는 육안비색법으로 파악한 13개의 일본표준색올 색채색차계를 이용하여 측색하여 일본표준색에 대한 남녀대학생의 색지각 범위를 CIE색도도 위에서 파악하여 이를 한국의 결과와 비교하는데 그 목적이 있다. 남자 140명, 여자 119명 계 259명의 일본대학생을 대상으로 한 실험결과 다음과 같은 사항을 밝혔다. 1) 일본대학생의 색지각은 크게 4가지 유형으로 구분되었다. 즉, 赤, 黃, 靑, 白, 灰, 黑이 속한 단순형, 黃綠,赤緊가 속한 X형, 綠이 속한 Y형, 靑綠, 緊, 靑緊, 黃赤이 속한 복합형이다. 2) 한일 양국인의 색지각유형을 비교한 결과, 黃赤, 靑, 靑綠, 赤緊의 경우는 지각유형이 아주 다르다는 것을 알았다. 3) 표준색과 평균지각색을 비교한 결과, 끊은 그 값이 유사하였으나 줌은 표준색과 평균 지각색 사이의 차 가 크다. 그리고 한일간의 비교를 한 결과, 한국인이 일본인보다 정확하게 색을 지각하고 있음을 알았다.

• 한국농촌생활과학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.83-91
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• 1997

In this study, the dyeability of natural dye extracted from chesnut shell was investigated in order to explore the using of discarded chesnut shell in natural dyeing. Dyeing experiments were done in various dyeing conditions which were different in dyeing temperature, concentration of dyebath, dyeing time, repitition of dyeing. pH of dyebath and mordant with 3 kinds of experimental fabrics silk, nylon and cotton. Color and color difference ($\Delta$ E) of every dyed fabrics were measured and color fastness to drycleaning, washing, perspiration and light were measured. The results were as follows ; 1. The dyebath became thicker with time and temperature of extraction and the characteristics of dyebath prepared chesnut shell 1g : distilled water 30㏄ after 3 hrs-boiling were 32,400ppm and 3.7pH. 2. The dyeabilities of silk and nylon fabrics were good and color difference was increased with dyeing temperature, concentration of dyebath, dyeing time, number of repitition and acidity of dyebath. But the dyeability of cotton was very poor compared to silk and nylon. 3. Without the treatment of mordant, the dyeability of silk was little lower than that of nylon, but after the treatment of mordants it became higher than nylon. After the treatment of mordant Cu and Fe, the dyeability of cotton was increased although the natural dye from the chesnut shell was hardly absorved in cotton without mordant. 4. On the whole, the colorfastness of dyed silk and nylon were very good except the colorfastness to washing in silk and the colorfastness to light in nylon.