• Title/Summary/Keyword: Collective Method

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An Analysis of the Performance of Collective I/Os and the Subgroup Method (집합 I/O와 부분군 기법의 성능 분석)

  • Cha, Kwangho;Cho, Hyeyoung;Kim, Sungho
    • Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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    • 2007.11a
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    • pp.513-516
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    • 2007
  • Because many scientific applications require large data processing, the importance of parallel I/O has been increasingly recognized. Collective I/O is one of the considerable features of parallel I/O and enables application programmers to easily handle their large data volume. In this paper we measure and analyze the performance of original collective I/Os and the subgroup method, the way of using collective I/O of MPI effectively. From the experimental results, we found that the two kinds of subgroup method showed different performance. In terms of collective write operation, the subgroup method caused the performance degradation. However, the subgroup method for collective read showed good performance with small data size.

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Particle-in-cell simulation feasibility test for analysis of non-collective Thomson scattering as a diagnostic method in ITER

  • Zamenjani, F. Moradi;Asgarian, M. Ali;Mostajaboddavati, M.;Rasouli, C.
    • Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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    • v.52 no.3
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    • pp.568-574
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    • 2020
  • The feasibility of the particle-in-cell (PIC) method is assessed to simulate the non-collective phenomena like non-collective Thomson scattering (TS). The non-collective TS in the laser-plasma interaction, which is related to the single-particle behavior, is simulated through a 2D relativistic PIC code (XOOPIC). For this simulation, a non-collective TS is emitted from a 50-50 DT plasma with electron density and temperature of ne = 3.00 × 1013 cm-3 and Te = 1000 eV, typical for the edge plasma at ITER measured by ETS system, respectively. The wavelength, intensity, and FWHM of the laser applied in the ETS system are λi,0 = 1.064 × 10-4 cm, Ii = 2.24 × 1017 erg=s·㎠, and 12.00 ns, respectively. The electron density and temperature predicted by the PIC simulation, obtained from the TS scattered wave, are ne,TS = 2.91 × 1013 cm-3 and Te,TS = 1089 eV, respectively, which are in accordance with the input values of the simulated plasma. The obtained results indicate that the ambiguities rising due to the contradiction between the PIC statistical collective mechanism caused by the super-particle concept and the non-collective nature of TS are resolved. The ability and validity to use PIC method to study the non-collective regimes are verified.

Collective Intelligence and Human Decision Bias (집단지성(Collective Intelligence)과 의사결정의 편향성)

  • Han, Joo-Hee;Shin, Kyung-shik;Chai, Sangmi
    • Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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    • v.22 no.2
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    • pp.113-122
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    • 2015
  • Collective intelligence can be an influential factor of decision-making based on collaboration and information exchange between individuals. Our study explores whether collective intelligence can mitigate the loss aversion effect, bias and error in human judgment, and collective intelligence in online communities can reduce the loss aversion effect. Our community settings display both individual-level and group-level loss aversion effect, investigate effective collective intelligence characteristics like investment commitment, participant experience. Using a multi-method approach our research comprises a web-based experiment with 100 participants investing 3 situations from a real-world community, data from a survey measuring loss aversion behavior of participants. The results suggest the loss aversion effect mitigates under the online-circumstance. Overall, our results suggest that, while collective intelligence mitigates the loss aversion effect, participants do not transfer these results to other settings.

Simplified Estimation Method for Collective Uncertainty-Propagations of Hysteretic Energy Dissipating Device's Properties

  • Shin, Dong-Hyeon;Kim, Hyung-Joon
    • International journal of steel structures
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    • v.18 no.5
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    • pp.1508-1524
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    • 2018
  • Hysteretic energy dissipating devices (HEDDs) have been increasingly applied to building construction to improve the seismic performance. The seismic responses of such damped structures are significantly affected by HEDD's structural properties. An accurate investigation on the propagation of HEDD's structural properties is required for reasonable evaluation of the seismic performance of a structure. This study aims to develop simplified methods that can estimate the collective uncertainty-propagation to the seismic response of damped structures employing HEDDs. To achieve this, three- and six-story steel moment-resisting frames were selected and the propagations of the individual HEDD's property-uncertainties were evaluated when they are subjected to various levels of seismic demand. Based on the result of individual uncertainty-propagations, a simplified method is proposed to evaluate the variation of seismic response collectively propagated by HEDD's property-uncertainties and is verified by comparing with the exact collective uncertainty-propagation calculated using the Monte Carlo simulation method. The proposed method, called as a modified SRSS method in this study, is established from a conventional square root of the sum of the squares (SRSS) method with the relative contributions of the individual HEDD's property-uncertainty propagations. This study shows that the modified SRSS method provides a better estimation than the conventional SRSS method and can significantly reduce computational time with reasonable accuracy compared with the Monte Carlo simulation method.

A case study on the Collective activities of Spectators of Professional soccer games (프로축구 관중의 집합행동 사례연구)

  • Joo, Il-Yeob
    • Korean Security Journal
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    • no.6
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    • pp.195-213
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    • 2003
  • This is a case study on the violent collective activities of spectators in professional soccer games. The purpose of this study is to examine the reasons and the processes of the activities. In order to achieve the purpose well, I analyzed two cases of violent collective activities in spectators of professional soccer games that were held on June 24 and July 28 in 2001. The data for this study was collected from 14 kinds of daily newspapers from June 10 to August 20 in 2001 to maintain the objective validity of the outline, the reasons, and the processes of the violent collective activities of spectators in two cases. The data was collected from Korea Integrated News Database System(KINDS) of Korea Press Foundation, and Chollian, on-line service of DACOM, for its efficiency, accuracy and promptness. On the basis of the above-mentioned method as well as the consequences of data analysis, I've reached to a conclusion as follows. The reasons of the violent collective activities of spectators in professional soccer games were the mass effect, the activities of players, umpires and the results of games, etc. The violent collective activities of spectators in professional soccer games need pre-requirements and have relationships with special affairs that are developed in a regular sequence. In other words, a collective activity gives an effect on another one directly or indirectly. Therefore, this study shows that we can reduce or prevent the damages by the violent collective activities of spectators in sport games when we analyze the processes of collective activities and make a previous counter-measure for that.

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A Study on the Design Characteristics of Communal Spaces in Urban Collective Housing for Social integration - Focused on Case Studies on MVRDV's Collective Housing - (사회통합을 위한 도시 집합주택의 주거동 내 공유공간 계획특성에 관한 연구 - MVRDV의 집합주택 사례를 중심으로 -)

  • Lim, Hae-Won;Lee, Hyunsoo
    • Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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    • v.27 no.3
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    • pp.100-107
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    • 2018
  • In order to overcome social exclusion and to integrate social housing, it is necessary to plan a communal space in urban collective housing so that residents can have belonging sense and community consciousness. In this study, it is necessary to consider the linkage between social integration and residential space, and to derive the characteristics of planning the collective housing for social integration. We analyzed the planning characteristics of MVRDV's communal spaces of collective housing and suggested a method of planning communal spaces of urban collective housing for social integration. Urban density is an important tool and background for MVRDV's design methodology. For this reason, MVRDV's collective housing is selected as a case study in this study. As a result of case analysis, openness and connection characteristics should be considered by using various devices such as glass exterior, balcony, and void in planning the communal space in urban collective housing for social integration. However, since it has appeared in many cases, it can be criticized that the application of this is merely a logic. In other words, it is possible to suggest that we should actively introduce less accessible access. This problem should be solved through more case studies.

Modeling and Composition Method of Collective Behavior of Interactive Systems for Knowledge Engineering (지식공학을 위한 상호작용 시스템의 집단 행위 모델링 및 합성 방법)

  • Song, Junsup;Rahmani, Maryam;Lee, Moonkun
    • Journal of KIISE
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    • v.44 no.11
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    • pp.1178-1193
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    • 2017
  • It is very important to understand system behaviors in collective pattern for each knowledge domain. However, there are structural limitations to represent collective behaviors because of the size of system components and the complexity of their interactions, causing the state explosion problem. Further composition with other systems is mostly impractical because of exponential growth of their size and complexity. This paper presents a practical method to model the collective behaviors, based on a new concept of domain engineering: behavior ontology. Firstly, the ontology defines each collective behavior of a system from active ontology. Secondly, the behaviors are formed in a quantifiably abstract lattice, called common regular expression. Thirdly, a lattice can be composed with other lattices based on quantifiably common elements. The method can be one of the most innovative approaches in representing system behaviors in collective pattern, as well as in minimization of system states to reduce system complexity. For implementation, a prototype tool, called PRISM, has been developed on ADOxx Meta-Modelling Platform.

The Effects of Confirmation in Collective Intelligence Quality on Continuance Intention through Trust (지식검색 서비스에서 집단지성 품질이 지속사용 의도에 미치는 영향: 기대일치이론과 신뢰를 중심으로)

  • Kim, Jin-Wan;Hong, Tae-Ho
    • The Journal of Information Systems
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    • v.20 no.4
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    • pp.1-22
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    • 2011
  • This study addressed trust to collective intelligence for explaining the affecting factors to the intention to use of collective intelligence by dividing the object of trust into a Web site and an information source group. We explored the factors affecting user's continuance intention toward collective intelligence in the view off trust building. We made a well-structured survey of our proposed model and gained 205 cases. We analyzed the proposed research model empirically using partial least square method. The findings are summarized as follows. First, all key factors (relevance, timeless, completeness, understandability) composing of collective intelligence quality have a positive and significant impact on confirmation. Second, confirmation has a significant impact on trust toward a Web site, as well as toward an information source group. The last is that trust toward a Web site influences on continuance intention, whereas trust toward an information source group doesn't.

Using Collective Citing Sentences to Recognize Cited Text in Computational Linguistics Articles

  • Kang, In-Su
    • Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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    • v.21 no.11
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    • pp.85-91
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    • 2016
  • This paper proposes a collective approach to cited text recognition by exploiting a set of citing text from different articles citing the same article. First, the proposed method gathers highly-ranked cited sentences from the cited article using a group of citing text to create a collective information of probable cited sentences. Then, such collective information is used to determine final cited sentences among highly-ranked sentences from similarity-based cited text recognition. Experiments have been conducted on the data set which consists of research articles from a computational linguistics domain. Evaluation results showed that the proposed method could improve the performance of similarity-based baseline approaches.

Managerial Factors Influencing Dose Reduction of the Nozzle Dam Installation and Removal Tasks Inside a Steam Generator Water Chamber (증기발생기 수실 노즐댐 설치 및 제거작업의 피폭선량 저감에 영향을 주는 관리요인에 관한 연구)

  • Lee, Dhong Ha
    • Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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    • v.36 no.5
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    • pp.559-568
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    • 2017
  • Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the effective managerial factors influencing dose reduction of the nozzle dam installation and removal tasks ranking within top 3 in viewpoint of average collective dose of nuclear power plant maintenance job. Background: International Commission on Radiation Protection (ICRP) recommended to reduce unnecessary dose and to minimize the necessary dose on the participants of maintenance job in radiation fields. Method: Seven sessions of nozzle dam installation and removal task logs yielded a multiple regression model with collective dose as a dependent variable and work time, number of participants, space doses before and after shield as independent variables. From the sessions in which a significant reduction in collective dose occurred, the effective managerial factors were elicited. Results: Work time was the most important factor contributing to collective dose reduction of nozzle dam installation and removal task. Introduction of new technology in nozzle dam design or maintenance job is the most important factor for work time reduction. Conclusion: With extended task logs and big data processing technique, the more accurate prediction model illustrating the relationship between collective dose reduction and effective managerial factors would be developed. Application: The effective managerial factors will be useful to reduce collective dose of decommissioning tasks as well as regular preventive maintenance tasks for a nuclear power plant.