• 과학교육연구지
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.259-272
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• 2020

This study aims at investigating the effects of collective promotion on the attainment of literacy, numeracy, and essential life skills by primary school pupils and also to find out if the policy of collective promotion meets its objective of minimization of wastage in basic education. The study used written tests for pupils in the final class (Level II, class 6) to collect data in some selected English-speaking primary schools in Meme Division of Cameroon. Descriptive statistics and a one way ANOVA were used for analyzing data. The results revealed that the policy of collective promotion negatively affects the attainment of literacy, numeracy, and essential life skills of pupils in Kumba, Meme Division. Teachers who assisted in the study through personal communication with the researcher argued that collective promotion in basic education does not achieve its objective of minimizing wastage of educational resources; neither does it positively improve the literacy, numeracy, and essential life skills of pupils. This study recommends that the policy of collective promotion can be revisited and that focus be placed not only on minimizing wastage of resources but also on investing on quality education system so as to equip the would-be leaders of tomorrow with skills, knowledge, and attitudes which will make them functional and responsible citizens in their society.

• East Asian mathematical journal
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.333-351
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• 2017

Schools are expected to ultimately moderate the difference of inequality issues among social groups and reduce the achievement gaps. This study investigates this expectation, in particular, how students' mathematics achievements are influenced by their parents' education at the individual level and by collective responsibility for teaching at the school level as well as the interaction of the two. Using a two-level hierarchical linear model, this study indicates that a school collective responsibility has a larger positive effect on students' mathematics achievement when their parents' education level is high. This means that school's collective responsibility accelerates inequity in students' mathematics achievement. Knowing that collective responsibility has less of an effect on students whose parents' education is not high, researchers, schools, and school districts should continue to search for school effects that have more of a positive impact on the relationship between mathematics achievement for students whose parents' education is not high in order to have more equitable results for all students.

• Educational Technology International
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.49-77
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• 2008

As clearly suggested in the case of Wikipedia, collective intelligence is predicted to develop into the most important platform of knowledge and information in the future society. But it just remains at the level of activities for group projects in the present frame of education and so it doesn't lead to creating collective intelligence. This study looks into an 'information repository model of collective intelligence' that makes it possible to deliver an education process a priori of Shared Knowledge Reservoir to "Junior Digital Nomad", who is definitely and will be in existence, and that further enables them to be active there in reality. Based on this storage model, it suggests a practicable web system model; Junior Maphistory e-encyclopedia, which is appropriately consistent with the features of Web 2.0 and can grow into a general historical and geographical information service.

• 영재교육연구
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.1-19
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• 2015

본 연구는 교사의 소속 학교급과 영재교육 경험에 따라 융합교육에 대한 집단적 교수효능감과 장애요인의 인식은 차이가 있는지 조사하였다. 241명의 초 중등교사가 집단적 교수효능감 및 융합교육의 장애요인에 대한 인식을 묻는 설문에 응답하였다. 본 연구는 소속 학교급과 영재교육 경험에 따른 집단적 교수효능감 및 융합교육 장애요인에 대한 교사인식의 차이를 조사하기 위하여 이원분산분석과 상관분석을 실시하였다. 연구결과, 소속 학교급과 영재교육 경험에 따른 집단적 교수효능감은 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 이에 비해 융합교육의 장애요인에 대한 교사인식은 소속 학교급 및 영재교육 경험에 따라 유의한 차이가 나타났다. 초등교사가 중등교사보다, 그리고 영재교사가 일반교사보다 융합교육을 교육현장에 적용함에 있어 그 장애요인을 인식하는 것으로 나타났다. 이에 본 연구는 융합교육의 현장정착을 위하여 소속 학교급과 영재교육 경험에 따라 고려해야 할 점과 방향성을 제안하였다.

• East Asian mathematical journal
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.523-541
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• 2021

Education for the future society should emphasize the experience of sharing, coexisting, and solving problems in cooperation with each other in the community. Accordingly, in addition to the problem-solving capability, which is the ultimate goal of mathematics education, it is necessary to strengthen the capability to solve unstructured problems through collaboration. This study attempted to suggest that solving complex problems through collaboration is used in school classes or gifted education by introducing polymath that solves problems using collective intelligence. Accordingly, a target problem was set and an example of polymath in which community members exert each other's intelligence to solve the problem. In addition, by investigating the perceptions of students who have experienced polymath, positive aspects and improvements of polymath were suggested. Through this, this study can contribute to revitalization of mathematics teaching and learning methods using collective intelligence.

• 수산해양교육연구
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.732-745
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to analyze the influence of collective self-esteem on teachers' job stress. For the study, 223 teachers in elementary school, junior high school, and high school were selected and data on teachers' background variables, collective self-esteem, and job stress were collected. The relationship between variables was analysed by using multiple regression analysis. The results were as follows: The job stress of teacher was significantly different according to teacher's gender, school level, and career experience. When the influence of background variables was controlled and multiple regression analysis was performed, the group self-esteem of teachers had a great influence on mitigating the perception of job stress. Particularly, it was shown that private collective self-esteem and importance to identity are the most important factors in mitigating job stress perception among the sub-variables of collective self-esteem. These results showed that it is an important task for our society to find an effective way to elevate the teacher's collective self-esteem. Teachers' collective self-esteem is expected to play a positive role not only in mitigating job stress but also in enhancing self-fulfillment and personal self-esteem of teacher.

• 기독교교육논총
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• 제71권
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• pp.155-179
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• 2022

본 연구의 목표는, 여성 정치사상가 한나 아렌트(Hannah Arendt)가 『책임과 판단』에서 소개한 개념 '집합적 책임'을 들여와 기후변화를 주제로 하는 기독교교육 분야에 응용하는 것이다. 먼저 본 연구는 '집합적 책임' 개념을 집합적 유죄 개념에 대비하면서 작금의 기후변화 문제가 개인윤리의 과제라기보다는 정치적 과제로 인식되어야 한다는 사실을 강조한다. 그리고 기후변화에 대한 '집합적 책임'의 교육활동이 그 자체로 교육자와 학습자가 공히 참여하는 공공의 정치행위로 전개되어야 마땅하다고 주장한다. 본 연구는 정치행위로서 기독교교육 활동의 전개방안에 관하여 다음의 네 가지를 제안한다. 첫째, 기후변화로 인한 인류존망 위기에 대한 불안 및 분노의 감정을 공적 수준에서 발표하며 공유하기. 둘째, 칸트가 말한 "확장된 심성(공통감각)"을 통하여 이기주의(이권 편향)를 초월하기. 셋째는 "시민참여로서 아렌트적 토론학습"으로 호명되는 대화와 토론의 학습공동체를 결성하는 일이다. 마지막으로 넷째는, 그 같은 학습공동체 안에서 "사랑으로 행동하는 믿음"을 이웃사랑의 지평에서 실천할 수 있도록 격려하는 기독교교육이 일어나야 한다는 점이다. 본 연구의 학술적 의의는 아렌트의 정치이론을 기후변화 및 기후활동, 그리고 기독교교육에 관계지어 구체적으로 다룬 국내 최초의 학제간 연구논문이라는 사실이다. 비록 정치이론을 기독교교육에 응용하는 이론적 조직신학적 연구를 표방하나, 실제 교육장면에서 활용가능한 실천적 제안을 동반하고 있음을 자부한다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘텐츠학회 2007년도 추계 종합학술대회 논문집
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• pp.908-910
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• 2007

최근 인터넷 환경은 웹2.0시대를 맞이하여 과거 생산자 중심의 서비스에서 사용자 중심으로 변하였고 이러한 흐름은 사용자에 의해 지식을 만드는 집단지성을 부각시키게 하였다. 하지만 이러한 흐름과 다르게 현 교육은 공급자인 교사 중심의 형태로 수용자인 학생의 요구에 대한 고려가 부족하다. 이에 본 연구는 현 교육 상황에 적합한 집단지성 웹플랫폼을 활용한 온라인교육에 대해 연구해보고자 한다.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제5권10호
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• pp.1698-1711
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• 2011

Knowledge is often represented as a set of rules or a semantic network in intelligent systems. Recently, ontology has been widely used to represent semantic knowledge, because it organizes thesaurus and hierarchal information between concepts in a particular domain. However, it is not easy to collect semantic relationships among concepts. Much time and expense are incurred in ontology construction. Collective intelligence can be a good alternative approach to solve these problems. In this paper, we propose a collective intelligence approach of Games With A Purpose (GWAP) to collect various semantic resources, such as words and word-senses. We detail how to construct the semantic information model or ontology from the collected semantic resources, constructing a system named FunWords. FunWords is a Korean lexical-based semantic resource collection tool. Experiments demonstrated the resources were grouped as common nouns, abstract nouns, adjective and neologism. Finally, we analyzed their characteristics, acquiring the semantic relationships noted above. Common nouns, with structural semantic relationships, such as hypernym and hyponym, are highlighted. Abstract nouns, with descriptive and characteristic semantic relationships, such as synonym and antonym are underlined. Adjectives, with such semantic relationships, as description and status, illustration - for example, color and sound - are expressed more. Last, neologism, with the semantic relationships, such as description and characteristics, are emphasized. Weighting the semantic relationships with these characteristics can help reduce time and cost, because it need not consider unnecessary or slightly related factors. This can improve the expressive power, such as readability, concentrating on the weighted characteristics. Our proposal to collect semantic resources from the collective intelligence approach of GWAP (our FunWords) and to weight their semantic relationship can help construct the semantic information model or ontology would be a more effective and expressive alternative.

• 컴퓨터교육학회논문지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.37-45
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• 2012

아동 청소년도 이용 가능한 국내 인터넷신문에 불법 유해 광고가 난무하고 있어 대책이 시급한 실정이다. 이에 자율규제 실현 장치로서, 집단의 지성과 감성을 활용한 유해 콘텐츠 판별 시스템 모델을 제안한다. 유해 콘텐츠 판별 시스템 모델은 이미지의 내용(스토리)과 형식(크기), 텍스트(카피), 심상(감정과 연상)을 집단검사의 판별 요소로 사용하여 유해 콘텐츠에 대한 레벨을 구축한다. 구축된 레벨은 다시 일반화 과정을 거쳐 유해 콘텐츠 판별의 기준으로 확립된다. 본 유해 콘텐츠 판별 시스템은 유해성 판별이 모호한 인터넷신문 광고 배너를 집단지성과 집단감성을 활용하여 판단할 수 있는 장점을 가진다.