• Journal of Powder Materials
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.301-307
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• 2004

Successful implementation of the powder forming process requires a detailed understanding of several interacting phenomena. The aim is to better control the process variables and to optimize the design parameters. A number of studies were carried out using various constitutive models that take the density change during powder forming into account. Most of them were developed for powders and sintered porous metals, but few of them can describe powder agglomerates, whose behaviour is different from that of uniformly arranged powders. The modification is needed to account for the effect of agglomeration on densification behaviour. Incorporating powder agglomeration into a constitutive model is of considerable importance, as it provides a possibility of relating the powder densification response to microstructural characteristics of powder particles, especially in case of nano powders. In this paper, we proposed a new powder agglomerate model in order to describe the unique densification behaviour of nano powders. The proposed model was applied to the densification of powder agglomerates during cold isostatic pressing.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.391-395
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• 1992

In order to improve the compactness and uniformity in ceramic green body, we have developed dynamic CIP(Cold Isostatic Pressing) as a new forming method in which the CIP and the vibratory pressing were combined. In dynamic CIP, bulk density on alumina compacts was linearly increased with higher │Pmax-Pbias│and maximum pressure of dynamic-CIP was decreased over one-third of that of conventional CIP to obtain the same bulk density.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.125-131
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• 1991

Electrolyte matrix fabrication process can be classifed as hot pressing, tape casting, callendering, electrophoretic deposition. however, these have limits in practice. Hot pressing is cumbersome method, because of careful heating and cooling. Furthermore, the perfected tile is so fragile that it is difficult to fit in a cell. Therefore this method is not adequate for mass production of the electrolyte matrix. Using electrophoretic deposition method, a very thin matrix can be made, but many attempts of the electrolyte embeding were found to be failure. Tape casting and callendering methods are employed in most of the matrix fabrication for the present. But these methods require lots of water as a solvent, so that coating of the LiAlO sub(2) with electrolyte is difficult. Recently, hot roll milling method has been developed and the perfected matrix was proved to be free from crack. The method, however, needs a roller to make a matrix and a perfected matrix is carefully striped off from the cooled roller. Therefore, this method requires a long time due to the cooling process. The author proposes a cold rolling process. On this method, heated slurry of the LiAlO sub(2) mixed with binder, is rolled with a cold roller. The heated slurry dose not adhere to the roller, since contacted hot slurry is rapidly solidified. Therefore fabrication speed is increased, without getting rid of merits of the hot rolling process.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.15 no.7
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• pp.473-479
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• 2005

Thermoelectric $Zn_4Sb_3$ alloys were synthesized by a conventional powder metallurgy process consisting of solid state reaction and hot pressing. Single phase $Zn_4Sb_3$ was successfully produced by the annealing of cold compact starting with the mixed elemental powders, and subsequent hot pressing yielded single phase bulk specimens without microcracks. Phase transformations in this alloy system during synthesis were investigated using XRD, SEM and EDS. Thermoelectric properties as a function of temperature were investigated from room temperature to 600 K and compared with results of analogue studies. Transport properties at room temperature were also evaluated. Thermoelectric properties of single phase $Zn_4Sb_3$ materials produced by this process are comparable to the published data. Synthesis by solid state reaction and hot pressing offers a potential processing route to produce a bulk $Zn_4Sb_3$.ٓ

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.230-239
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• 1992

Nickel was used as a catalyst for the hydrogen electrode in alkaline fuel cell. The optimum electrolyte concentration and recommendable operating temperature identified from polarization curves were 6N KOH and $80^{\circ}C$, respectively. Comparing the conductivity, apparent porosity and current density at porous hydrogen electrode manufactured with various PTFE additions, the proper content of PTFE was 10wt%. Chemisorption was carried out to define the appropriate surface area. The electrode produced with 10wt% of PTFE and sintered at $340^{\circ}C$ showed more than $200mA/cm^2$ of current density. The morphology of electrode surface was investigated with SEM. Cold pressing, hot pressing, rolling and calendering methods were carried out for manufacturing the electrode, and electrochemical characteristics for each method was studied.

• Progress in Superconductivity and Cryogenics
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.40-44
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• 2019

In this study, the effects of the compaction method for (Mg+2B) powders on the apparent density and superconducting properties of $MgB_2$ bulk superconductor were investigated. The raw powders used in this study were nano-sized boron (B) and spherical magnesium (Mg). A batch of a powder mixture of (Mg+2B) was put in a steel mold and uniaxially pressed at 1 ton or 3 tons into pellets. Another batch of the powder mixture was uniaxially pressed at 1 ton and then pressed isostatically at $1800kg/cm^2$ in the water chamber. All pellets were heat-treated at $650^{\circ}C$ for 1 h in flowing argon gas for the formation of $MgB_2$. The apparent density of powder compacts pressed at 3 ton was higher than that at 1 ton. The cold isostatic pressing (CIP) in a water chamber allowed further increase of the apparent density of powder compacts, which influenced the pellet density of the final products ($MgB_2$). The compaction methods (uniaxial pressing and CIP) did not affect the formation of $MgB_2$ and superconducting critical temperature ($T_c$) of $MgB_2$, but affected the critical current density ($J_c$) of $MgB_2$ significantly. The sample with the high apparent density showed high $J_c$ at 5 K and 20 K at applied magnetic fields (0-5 T).

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.30-37
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• 2005

A drum clutch which is a main part for the automatic transmission of auto-mobiles has been manufactured by glob threading and machining. The tooth shape of the drum clutch manufactured by machining has lower dimensional accuracy than that by pressing and its machining needs the enormous cost at plant investment. Thus, this study was designed to develop cold forging process and to improve the productivity and dimensional accuracy. In this work, variables affecting dimensional accuracy were first determined, then cold forming process design according to each variables was performed by FE simulation. Optimal process was suggested on the basis of analytical results.

• Proceedings of the Korean Powder Metallurgy Institute Conference
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• 2006.09a
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• pp.179-180
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• 2006

Densification behavior of various metal and ceramic powder was investigated under cold compaction. The Cap model was proposed based on the parameters obtained from axial and radial deformation of sintered metal powder compacts under uniaxial compression and volumetric strain evolution. For ceramic powder, the parameters were obtained from deformation of green powder compacts under triaxial compression. The Cap model was implemented into a finite element program (ABAQUS) to compare with experimental data for densification behavior of various metal and ceramic powder under cold compaction.

• Proceedings of the Korean Magnestics Society Conference
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• 2003.12a
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• pp.264-264
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• 2003

• Proceedings of the Korean Magnestics Society Conference
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.28-29
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• 2006