• Journal of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.87-97
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• 2015

In general, such ground based methods are utilized to validate maneuvering and attitude control logics of a spacecraft by a simulation with a flight software at a design phase and a integrated function test with actual hardwares at a system level. Recently, varification researches using operating simulators are getting increase using compact and precise components under a ground condition. The present paper investigates and summarized the development trend of cold gas propulsion systems for the spacecraft simulators and their major performance characteristics to derive fundamental data which are necessary for a conceptual design of the simulator.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.88-94
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• 2004

The KSR-III rocket is a liquid propellant sounding rocket and thrust vector control actuators and cold gas thrusters are used to control pitch and yaw, roll attitude respectively during thrusting phase. In this paper, the structure of designed attitude controller and gain scheduling, results of stability analysis for KSR-III rocket are presented. The attitude controller is implemented with flight software in the domestically developed INS and successfully performed its function in the flight test. The flight data are coincident with simulation results.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.96-101
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• 2015

Purpose: Thermal sensory test as an essential part of quantitative sensory testing (QST) has been recognized as a useful tool in the evaluation of the trigeminal nerve function. Normative data in the orofacial region have been reported but the data on differences in the test site, sex and ethnicity are still insufficient. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the normal range of orofacial thermal QST data in the healthy Korean women, and assess sex difference of thermal perception in the orofacial regions. Methods: Thermal QST was conducted on 20 healthy women participants (mean age, 26.4 years; range, 21 to 34 years). The thermal thresholds (cold detection threshold, CDT; warm detection threshold, WDT; cold pain threshold, CPT; and heat pain threshold, HPT) were measured bilaterally at the 5 trigeminal sites (the forehead, cheek, mentum, lower lip and tongue tip). The normative thermal thresholds of women in the orofacial region were evaluated using one-way ANOVA and compared with the previously reported data from age- and site-matched 30 healthy men (mean age, 26.1 years; range, 23 to 32 years) using two-way ANOVA. One experienced operator performed the tests of both sexes and all tests were done in the same condition except the time variability. Results: Women showed significant site differences for the CDT (p<0.001), WDT (p<0.001), and HPT (p=0.047) in the orofacial region. The CDT (p<0.001) and the CPT (p=0.007) presented significant sex difference unlike the WDT and the HPT. Conclusions: The thermal sensory evaluation in the orofacial region should be considered in the context of site and sex and the normative data in this study could be useful for assessment of the sensory abnormalities in the clinical setting.

• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.1-16
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• 2014

The study attempts to show that the theory of critical environmental variation quantum(CEVQ) has a sound logical basis and empirical support. It is well known that the theory of critical environmental variation quantum is derived from the theory of biological probability distibution function and the central limit theorem(CLT) in statistics. The study uses the case study of fisheries damages compensation caused br the public marine construction undertaken in the area do Anjeong Bay in the city of Tongyeong for empirical test of theory of CEVQ. The results shows that the CEVQ theory perfoms a good job in measuring quantatively fjsheries damages caused by outflow of cold water due to the operation of LNG company since 2002. Therefore the study proves that the CEVQ theory is a good theory having internal consistency and empirical applicability.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.06a
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• pp.9-12
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• 2005

In this paper. we offer a new monitoring system that controls all of the windfar. it can also apply use general wind turbine systems and real meteorological tower. We propose a hierarchical releiable monitoring system connected by wireless communication channels between monitoring host computer and modular slave measuring subsystems. Our system has two hierarchical subsystems: slave measuring systems, and supervisory host computer. We design and implement that the slave measuring subsystems is placed in meteorological tower and wind turbines, and the supervisory host computer in safety zone, The micro-controller in slave measuring system is duplicated using cold-standby method for reliability. The host computer and slave system constructs a feedback system, with wireless communication channel between them. For monitoring and command function, the supervisory computer is implemented with a Personal Computer using graphic user interface. Consequently. we can get a reliable but economic system.

• Progress in Superconductivity and Cryogenics
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.46-51
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• 2004

This paper presents the results of a series of performance and reliability tests for the Stirling cryocooler. Infrared sensor systems incorporating cryocoolers are required to be qualified to the appropriate specification for the performance and reliability. FPFD Stirling cryocooler is currently under development for cooling infrared detector. Manufactured Stirling cryocooler delivers approximately 0.9W cooling at 80K for 30W∼40W of input power. It takes approximately 2 minutes to cool down to 80K at the ambient temperature of 23$^{\circ}C$. Performance characteristics for the vibration, acoustic noise, EMI and leak rate of the Stirling cryocooler are evaluated. We performed low and high temperature keeping test from -32$^{\circ}C$ to +52$^{\circ}C$ and operating test at high and low temperature cyclic range with acceptance tests performed at scheduled intervals. Cooling capacity is determined as a function of the temperatures at the compressor, hot end and cold tip at the expander. Finally, we describe the experimental facility for the MTTF evaluation and some typical results of the Stirling cryocooler.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.157-160
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• 2001

Facial nerve paralysis(or Bell's palsy) which commonly occurs unilaterally, gives rise to paralysis of facial expression muscle. This condition is classified into symptomatic facial nerve paralysis due to intracranial tumor, post operative trauma, etc. and idiopathic facial nerve paralysis. To explain the etiology of idiopathic facial nerve paralysis, many hypothesis including ischemic theory, viral infection, exposure to cold, immune theory etc. were suggested, but there is no agreement at this point. The method to evaluate the facial nerve paralysis, when it occurs, consists of three stage scale method, image thechnics like CT and MRI, laboratory test to examine the antibody titers of viral infection, neurophysiologic test to evaluate the degree and prognosis of paralysis. Treatment includes medication, stellate ganglion block(SGB), surgery, physical therapy and other home care therapy. In medication, systemic steroids, vitamins, vasodilating-drug and ATP drugs were used. SGB was also used repeatedly to attempt the improvement of circulation and to stimulate the recovery of nerve function. Physical therapy including electric acupuncture stimulation therapy(EAST) and hot pack was used to prevent the muscle atrophy. When No response was showed to this conservative therapies, surgery was considered. After treating two patients complaining of Bell's palsy with medication(systemic steroids) and EAST, favorable result was obtained. so author report the case of facial nerve paralysis.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.474-481
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• 2018

For this study, we developed clothing in which textile materials that were excellent weather control function for the cold environment and we performed the human subject test with developed clothing to determine the thermal comfort. We used 2 clothing samples developed (A and B, hollow yarn+moisture absorption/quick drying yarn, 3 layers, high stretchable, heat reflection film and lamination treated) and a control sample (Ctrl.) for the human subject test and 8 adult males were used as a human subjects and environmental conditions of chamber were $0{\pm}1^{\circ}C$. $50{\pm}5%RH$, 0.3m/sec. The results were as follows: The average skin temperature and hand, thigh temperature of B were higher than B and Ctrl. (p<.05). The micro-climates of B were near to thermal comfort range which is $32{\pm}1^{\circ}C$ and $50{\pm}10%\;RH$. The chest temperature of B was significantly higher than others (p<.05). The relative humidity of B was lower than others and kept stable rather than others. The thermal sensation of B was near the "neutral" and was significantly different from Ctrl. (p<.01) and the weight loss of B was lower than Ctrl. (p<.05). The counting task and hand temperature was positively related and the counting task value of B and A is bigger than Ctrl. and that of A was bigger than Ctrl. (p<.05).

• CELLMED
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.7.1-7.7
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• 2015

According to Ayurveda, an individual can be classified into any one of the seven constitutional types (Prakriti) depending on the dominance of one, two, or three Doshas. A 'Dosha' is representative of fundamental mechanisms that are responsible for homeostasis, and thus, to health. In the recent years, there have been several efforts to see whether certain physiological, haematological or biochemical parameters have any relationship with the constitutional types or not. The objective of the present study was to see if the results of autonomic function tests vary according to Prakriti of an individual. We conducted this study in clinically healthy volunteers of both the gender belonging to the age group of 17 to 35 years after obtaining their written consent. The Prakriti of these volunteers was assessed on the basis of a validated questionnaire and also by traditional method of interviewing. After confirming that the primary Dosha ascertained by both these methods matched, 106 volunteers were grouped into three on the basis of primary Dosha and were subjected to various autonomic function tests such as cold pressor test, standing-to-lying ratio, Valsalva ratio and pupillary responses such as pupil cycle time and pupil size measurement in light and dark. The results suggest that, the autonomic function tests in the healthy individuals may correlate linearly with the primary Dosha expressed in an individual. In particular, people with Kapha as the most dominant Dosha showed a tendency to have either a higher parasympathetic activity or a lower sympathetic activity with respect to their cardiovascular reactivity in comparison to the individuals with Pitta or Vata as the most dominant Dosha.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.589-595
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• 2015

This study evaluated the in-site compressive strength development of high-strength concrete developed for the mass structures under cold weather condition. Two mock-up wall specimens with $2.0{\times}1.2{\times}1.0m$ in dimension were cured under an average temperature of $5^{\circ}C$. Core strengths measured at different locations of the mock-up walls were compared with the companion standard cylinder strengths. Test results revealed that the core strength of mock-up walls at an age of 3 days is higher by approximately 30% than the companion cylinder strength because of the high curing temperature effect generated from the heat of hydration of cementitious materials. Furthermore, comparisons with the prediction models based on maturity function confirmed that the effect of hydration heat on the curing temperature increase needs to be reflected to reasonably evaluate the on-site compressive strength development of concrete for mass elements.