• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
• /
• 제25권1호
• /
• pp.57-64
• /
• 2022

Background: There are various conservative treatment options for lateral epicondylitis (LE). The aim is to evaluate pain, daily functioning, and complications after ultrasound-standardized autologous blood injections in patients with LE. Methods: For this prospective cohort study, consecutive patients (>18 years) diagnosed with LE were included. Autologous blood was injected using a medical device containing an injection disposable with 12 small needles (Instant Tennis Elbow Cure [ITEC]) device. Patient-Rated Tennis Elbow Evaluation (PRTEE), subjective elbow score (SES), palpation and provocation pain, satisfaction, and complications of treatment were measured at baseline and two months after treatment. Paired t-tests and Fisher's exact tests were used for calculating the difference between pre- and post-treatment outcomes. Results: Fifty-five elbows were analyzed. Mean time between pre- and post-treatment was 11.1 weeks (standard deviation [SD], 8.9 weeks). The mean PRTEE score decreased from 68.2 (SD, 15.7) before surgery to 53.2 (SD, 25.9; p<0.001) after. The mean SES improved from 36.9 (SD, 20.8) to 51.7 (SD, 27.4; p<0.001). Despite this improvement, only 44.7% of patients showed relevant clinical improvement in PRTEE, and 37.3% showed significant clinical improvement based on SES. Four patients reported a complication and the injection disposable failed three times. Conclusions: Ultrasound-standardized autologous blood injection using the ITEC device is not an effective tool in reducing symptoms related to LE. This study showed that only half of all patients experienced a positive effect. In this heterogeneous cohort of patients, we showed no added value of ultrasound standardization.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
• /
• 제53권3호
• /
• pp.184-193
• /
• 2023

Purpose: The present study was designed to compare the incidence of periodontitis according to menopausal status and to investigate the possible effect of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on periodontitis in postmenopausal women using a common data model (CDM) at a single institution. Methods: This study involved retrospective cohort data of 950,751 patients from a 20-year database (2001 to 2020) of Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital converted to the Observational Medical Outcomes Partnership CDM. One-way analysis of variance models and the χ² test were used to analyze the statistical differences in patient characteristics among groups. A time-dependent Cox regression analysis was used to calculate hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals, and P values less than 0.05 were considered to indicate statistical significance. Results: Of the 29,729 patients, 1,307 patients were diagnosed with periodontitis and 28,422 patients were not. Periodontitis was significantly more common among postmenopausal patients regardless of HRT status than among the non-menopausal group (P<0.05). Time-dependent Cox regression analysis showed that the postmenopausal patients had a significantly higher chance of having periodontitis than non-menopausal patients (P<0.05), but after adjustment for age, body mass index, and smoking status, the difference between the non-menopausal and post-menopausal HRT-treated groups was insignificant (P=0.140). Conclusions: Postmenopausal women had a significantly greater risk of periodontitis than non-menopausal women. Additionally, the use of HRT in postmenopausal women could reduce the incidence of periodontitis.

• PNF and Movement
• /
• 제22권1호
• /
• pp.101-111
• /
• 2024

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate physical activity as a risk factor for neck pain recurrence using the National Health Insurance Data Sharing Service that utilizes a nationwide cohort in South Korea. Methods: Medical records spanning a two-year period were extracted from the National Health Insurance database for 541,937 patients who sought healthcare services for neck pain (ICD 10 codes: M54.2) in 2020 and completed the national health examination survey. Selected variables for analysis included age, gender, health insurance premium decile, regional health vulnerability index, body mass index (BMI), acuity, blood pressure, and types of physical activity. A mixed-effect multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to examine the recurrence rate of neck pain and identify risk factors for neck pain recurrence. Results: Among the participants, 124,433 patients (23.0%) experienced a recurrence of neck pain within two years, with higher recurrence rates observed among older individuals and females. Regression analysis revealed that the risk of neck pain recurrence increased with age (OR=1.51), being female (OR= 1.10), being a medical aid recipient (OR=1.51), and having anaerobic (OR=1.04) or vigorous physical activities (OR=1.06). By contrast, an increased health insurance premium decile (OR=0.96) and having moderate physical activity (OR=0.97) were associated with a decreased risk of neck pain recurrence. Conclusion: This study highlights the importance of moderate physical activity as an effective strategy for reducing the recurrence of nonspecific neck pain, underscoring the necessity for personalized physical activity programs for patients.

• Korean Circulation Journal
• /
• 제53권1호
• /
• pp.17-30
• /
• 2023

Background and Objectives: To evaluate the impact of smoking in young adults on the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and the clustering effect of behavioral risk factors such as smoking, obesity, and depression. Methods: A Korean nationwide population-based cohort of a total of 3,280,826 participants aged 20-39 years old who underwent 2 consecutive health examinations were included. They were followed up until the date of CVD (myocardial infarction [MI] or stroke), or December 2018 (median, 6 years). Results: Current smoking, early age of smoking initiation, and smoking intensity were associated with an increased risk of CVD incidence. Even after quitting smoking, the risk of MI was still high in quitters compared with non-smokers. Cigarette smoking, obesity, and depression were independently associated with a 1.3-1.7 times increased risk of CVD, and clustering of 2 or more of these behavioral risk factors was associated with a 2-3 times increased risk of CVD in young adults. Conclusions: In young adults, cigarette smoking was associated with the risk of CVD, and the clustering of 2 or more behavioral risk factors showed an additive risk of CVD.

• 대한치과교정학회지
• /
• 제54권3호
• /
• pp.142-152
• /
• 2024

Objective: This retrospective cohort study aimed to assess and compare the accuracy of 3 different Invisalign^® treatment regimens in terms of variations of aligner change frequency and type of aligner material in achieving maxillary dental buccal expansion. Methods: Altogether, 120 adult patients whose treatment involved maxillary dental expansion with Invisalign^® were included. The patients were divided into 3 groups, with each group comprising 40 patients as follows: SmartTrack^® 1-week changes (ST1), SmartTrack^® 2-week changes (ST2), and EX30^® 2-week changes (EX2). The groups were assessed by comparing actual changes achieved with those prescribed by ClinCheck^®. The rates of clinically significant inaccuracies (CSI) observed for buccal expansion (≥ 0.5 mm) and buccolingual inclination (≥ 2°) during expansion were then determined. Results: In terms of expansion, the ST1 group demonstrated the highest CSI rate at all tooth levels, whereas the ST2 group had the lowest rate of CSI and the lowest mean inaccuracy for each tooth level. In terms of buccolingual inclination, the ST1 group had the highest CSI rate across all tooth levels, whereas the EX2 group had the lowest CSI rate at all tooth levels except for the canine level where the ST2 group had the lowest CSI rate. A tendency toward overexpression of buccal crown inclination, and underexpression of buccal expansion was observed at all tooth levels. Conclusions: Two-week aligner change regimens offer improved accuracy compared with 1-week aligner changes. SmartTrack^® 2-week changes were the most accurate for buccal expansion, whereas EX30^® 2-week changes were the most accurate for buccolingual inclination.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제15권3호
• /
• pp.1141-1144
• /
• 2014

Background: Even though many studies have examined the possible effect of low-fat diet on breast cancer survival, the relationship remains unclear. Objectives: To summarize the current evidence about the effect of post-diagnostic low-fat diet on recurrence and all-cause mortality of breast cancer. Methods: We conducted a search of Pubmed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library and as a result two randomized controlled trials (RCT) and one large multi-center prospective cohort study with 9,966 breast cancer patients were included in this report. Results: Post-diagnostic low-fat diet reduced risk of recurrence of breast cancer by 23% (HR=0.77, 95%CI 0.63 to 0.94, P=0.009) and all cause mortality of breast cancer by 17% (HR=0.83, 95%CI 0.69 to 1.00, P=0.05). Conclusions: This meta-analysis suggested the post-diagnostic low-fat diet can improve breast cancer survival by reducing risk of recurrence. However, more trials of the relationship between low-fat diet and allcause mortality of breast cancer are still needed.

• 약학회지
• /
• 제59권6호
• /
• pp.245-250
• /
• 2015

Middle East respiratory syndrome - coronavirus infection has posed substantial threat to public health with extremely high mortality rate in 2015. Although there are no approved novel medications for coronavirus, several antiviral agents such as ribavirin and interferon have been tried to MERS patients according to the in-vitro inhibitory effect, therapeutic effect on the animal model and experience from the severe acute respiratory syndrome - coronavirus infection. The aim of this study is to evaluate the clinical evidence of the antiviral treatment for MERS-CoV infection. After systematically searching the medical literature databases, I found five studies described the clinical efficacy of antiviral treatment on MERS patients. All of them were about the combination therapy of ribavirin and interferon (IFN). Two of them were retrospective cohort studies with quality of evidence (QOE) II and the others were observational study and case reports with QOE III. As a result of critical appraisal, it is concluded that none of those studies represented confirmatory clinical evidence of the efficacy of ribavirin and interferon combination therapy on MERS patients. Although Omrani et al. represented that ribavirin and IFN treatment had significantly improved survival at 14 days, it was not enough time to conclude the effect.

• 노동경제논집
• /
• 제30권1호
• /
• pp.1-30
• /
• 2007

이 논문은 한국노동패널 조사자료를 이용하여 한국에서의 남성과 여성의 교육투자수익률을 추정하였다. Mincer 타입의 임금함수를 이용하여 평균적인 교육투자수익률을 추정해 본 결과, 남성과 여성의 교육투자수익률이 크게 차이가 나지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 이는 연령대가 높아질수록 남성의 수익률은 높아지고, 여성의 수익률은 낮아지는 현상 때문에 나타난 결과로 판단된다. 학위효과(sheepskin effect)를 추정해 보면, 대학 학위가 남성근로자의 임금에는 거의 영향을 주지 않으나, 여성에게는 큰 임금상승효과를 가져온다는 것을 발견하였다. 이는 대학교육이 남성보다 여성의 임금수준에 더 큰 영향을 미친다는 또 하나의 증거가 될 수 있다. 대학입학시험 성적 변수를 사용하여, 가능한 한 개인의 생산성 차이가 임금수준에 미치는 영향을 배제하고, 교육이 임금수준에 미치는 영향을 추정해 보고자 하였다. 그 결과 남성의 경우에는 교육이 임금수준에 미치는 영향이 거의 발견되지 않은 반면에, 여성의 경우 그 영향이 크고 유의하게 나타났다. 이러한 모든 발견들은, 교육수준이 여성의 임금수준에 보다 큰 영향을 미친다는 주장을 강하게 지지한다 하겠다. 따라서 기존의 연구에서 남녀를 구분하지 않거나 이 논문에서 남녀 간 평균 교육수익률이 큰 차이를 보이지 않은 것은 이 논문에서 제시하는 각종 원인에 의해 일부 왜곡된 것이며, 실제로는 여자가 더 높다는 것을 보인다. 또한 이는 미국을 비롯한 대부분의 OECD 국가의 경우와도 일치한다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
• /
• 제22권9호
• /
• pp.308-321
• /
• 2022

본 연구는 다양한 영역에서 큰 영향력을 행사하고 있는 MZ세대의 자아존중감, 쇼핑동기, 쇼핑성향이 의복구매행동에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 알아보는데 목적이 있다. 본 연구의 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, MZ세대의 타인구매 동기, 유행추구 쇼핑성향, 쾌락추구 쇼핑성향은 의복구매 행동의 하위요인 중 개인적 욕구에 정적 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, MZ세대의 실질구매 쇼핑동기, 유행추구 쇼핑성향, 쾌락추구 쇼핑성향, 편의추구 쇼핑성향은 의복구매 행동의 하위요인 중 실제적 필요에 정적 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, MZ세대의 사회적 자아존중감, 타인구매 쇼핑동기, 편의추구 쇼핑성향은 의복구매 행동의 하위요인중 의복마케팅전략에 정적 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 반면 개인적 자아존중감은 의복구매 행동의 마케팅 전략에 부적으로 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 즉 MZ세대가 자신의 개성과 소신에 맞게 의복구매를 할 것이라는 기대와 다르게 나타났다. 디지털 환경에 익숙한 MZ세대가 의복을 구매하는데 있어 유행과 관련된 정보에 쉽게 접하며 이는 신념이나 행동까지 변화시키는 결과를 가져오는 것으로 판단된다. 이상의 연구결과에서 MZ세대의 의복구매 행동에 많은 변수가 있을 것으로 예상되며, 따라서 새로운 소비자 집단으로 바라보고 마케팅 전략을 세워야 할것으로 사료된다.

• 대한예방의학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한예방의학회 2005년도 제57차 추계 학술대회 연제집
• /
• pp.399-399
• /
• 2005