• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.343-359
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• 2016

The coffee price from the farm-gate level has been quite unstable in recent years because of the expansion of coffee cultivation, and the volatility of coffee price in the world market. The preference toward consumer's sustainable coffee has influenced on the coffee purchase by the world major coffee companies. With this background, Vietnam began to follow the trend of sustainable coffee cultivation by the major coffee export companies which cooperate with some certification authorities. However, a proposed program called 'Sustainable Coffee Program' in 2012 was initiated as public-private cooperation. This study attempts to examine how the program was initiated, and which organizations were involved in practice level, and what the program have achieved for sustainability. Finally, non-participant group was also considered on how they have been influenced from the existence of the 'sustainable coffee program' in direct and indirect manners.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.503-521
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• 2017

Demands in a sustainable coffee certification program have increased steadily in the global coffee market. Along with this trend, recently the introduction of sustainable coffee certification programs in Vietnam has increased significantly. However, Vietnam's the coffee certification programs led by a single state-owned company, which is called Vinacafe, shows some differentiations from other sustainable coffee programs certified in other countries. The structure of exclusive decision-making in Vinacafe has been interfered with economic impacts in accordance with the introduction of sustainable coffee certification programs in Vietnam. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to identify changes in and limits of the value chain of the coffee industry with the introduction of Vietnam's sustainable coffee certification program by investigating the case of Vinacafe. To this end, the research has attempted 1) to concern with the role of Vinacafe in the process of growth in the coffee industry in central highland of Vietnam, 2) to analyze changes stemmed from the introduction of Vinacafe's sustainable coffee certification programs, and 3) to examine the limits to the introduction of sustainable coffee certification programs in Vietnam. As a result, it found out that Vinacafe subsidiaries shifted the losses resulted in the payment of additional environmental costs to produce sustainable certification coffee onto coffee farmers depended on Vinacafe subsidiaries, because the price of premium emerged from supports for certificated coffee production has not been guaranteed by Vinacafe mother firm.

• Journal of People, Plants, and Environment
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.1-14
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• 2020

The purpose of this research is to strengthen rural community empowerment by creating a tourism farm as a plan to reduce relative poverty and to improve the quality of life by creating jobs and increasing the income of local residents in underdeveloped countries. To do so, literature review, stakeholder interviews, on-site investigations, focus-group interviews, a project meeting for residents and a questionnaire survey were performed and analyzed and the results were as follows. First, Uganda has the potential to increase agricultural production based on its warm climate, fertile land and abundant natural resources. The quality of life of local residents is expected to be improved by realizing high-added values through the convergence of the conventional existing agricultural industry and other industries if the agricultural technology is properly transferred based on abundant labor force and low labor expenses. Opportunities for the success of the project can be spread to other rural villages across the country. Second, since local residents are now cultivating sugar cane, cassava, matoke, banana, coffee and so on as a farm owner, tourism agriculture with high-added values can be promoted by vitalizing communities based on farming technology to be transferred and a cooperative farm. It is also necessary to implement a rural community empowerment project to do so. Third, the university that is the cooperative partner of the project is positively considering to train experts by establishing a community development department, and, if necessary, a technical training center to educate the general public, which is expected to create synergic effects through the convergence of education, agriculture and tourism.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.95-102
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• 1988

This survey was performed to investigate the favorite foods of housewives lived in the metropolitan area and farm and fishing village, and to find the correlation of the results between those two areas. The most favorite staple foods of housewives in both areas were boiled rice, and iced noodle in noodles. The most favorite sidedishes were beef soup, pot stew with soybean paste, roasted ribs, beef, pickled wild seasame leaf, fried shrimp and pickled korean cabbage. The most favorite one in beverages was fruit punch, and in teas was coffee. Jangachies(pickled vegetables with spices) were in complete correlation, on the other hands buns, fruits, seasoned greens and broths were in the convese correlation between the metropolitan area and farm and fishing village. Teas, diet foods, meats, pan boilings, confections, noodles, somothered dishes, fried foods, boiled rices, Kimchies, rice cakes, hard-boiled foods in soy and beverages were in the general correlation between those two areas.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.571-582
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• 1994

Three livestock/crop demonstration-cum-training farms have been established on plots of half, one and two acres, typical of the "Kandyan Forest Garden System" Vegetables, bananas, pepper, coffee, coconut and fruit trees are widely spaced, for intercropping with grass, and have been surrounded with live fences that also provide fodder for livestock to increase the family income. Each unit is operated by a selected employee and his family under a monthly incentive scheme based upon the gross margin. On these farms the technical parameters in dairying are better than elsewhere in the Mid-Country. Economic performance over 1985-1992 showed that dairying contributed most to the total gross margin of the half, one and two acre units, i.e. 31, 63 and 69%, respectively. Next came crops (29%, 37% and 19%), poultry (22%, 0% and 9%), and goats (18%, 0% and 3%). In the three farms the cash income per Sri Lankan Rupee spent was 1.5, 4.6 and 2.1, respectively. The overall ratio was 3.2 for dairying, 1.1 for poultry, 4.5 for goats and 9.9 for crops. Actual family labour in the three farms was 548, 548 and 639 days, compared to the 270, 330 and 440 days anticipated in the initial feasibility study. The average incentive payments, which were 20% (half acre), 61% (one acre) and 133% (two acres) of the parastatal salary of the employee, were only insufficient for the extra labour applied in the half acre unit. Dairying and goats proved to be attractive cash earners with a domestic fuel were important benefits. Poultry did little to improve farm income.