• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.59 no.1
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• pp.87-116
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to identify the adaptation experience of foster children. This qualitative research was conducted through in-depth interview of 8 foster children in and over 4th grade. In data analysis of this qualitative study, the grounded theory suggested by Strauss and Corbin(1998) was used. The raw data collected from in-depth interview with the participants were analyzed in open coding, through theoretically sensitive and constant comparisons method. As a result, total 11 categories, 30 subcategories and 96 concepts were generated. In summary, the casual condition that caused the core phenomenon was 'family stability collapse'. The core phenomenon that foster children experience during the process of adaptation was 'marginalization'. The contextual condition that affected the outcome was 'cultural shock' and 'loyalty conflict.' The intervening condition that promote or restrain the action/interaction on core phenomenon were, 'support system', 'resilience menifestation', 'negative predestination'. The action/interaction strategy on core phenomenon were 'will to power' and 'pursuing moral superiority'. As a result, two concepts, 'mechanical adaptation to foster care environment' and 'active formation' of foster care environment' were assumed.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.267-273
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• 2004

Objectives : This study was aimed at investigating the medical service utilization pattern of patients who use public medical aid compared to those who have health insurance. Methods : We selected every patient between the age of 18 and 69 who used public medical aid from January 1, 1999, to December 31, 2001, in Gwangju metropolitan city, South Korea. For comparison, a list of patients with health insurance was gathered for same period. Then the medical records of those who had been hospitalized for acute appendicitis were selected among both groups. Of those records, we compared the number of cases of ruptured appendicitis to cases of whole acute appendicitis in both groups. Regarding coding for ruptured appendicitis, International Classification of Diseases - 10 (ICD-10) was used. Multiple logistic regression was used as a statistical tool to determine the effectiveness of risk factors. Results : Even after adjusting for risk factors, such as age and sex, the proportion of perforation of acute appendicitis among public medical aid patients was found to be significantly higher than among insured patients. Conclusions : This comparative study on ruptured appendicitis among public medical aid patients and insured patients, indicates that the proportion of perforation of acute appendicitis could be an index showing that these types of patients utilize medical services differently than insured patients. We know that when abdominal pain is not properly treated at the outset, it easily develops into ruptured appendicitis complicated with peritonitis. Considering this data analysis, we guess the public medical aid system to have significant problem with medical accessibility. So additional and systematic research on the pattern of utilization of medical services of public medical aid patients is needed.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.18 no.6 s.121
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• pp.602-611
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• 2007

In this paper, the forward link of UHF RFID system is modeled in accordance with the EPCglobal class 1 generation 2(EPCglobal C1G2) UHF Radio-Frequency Identity protocol specification at $860{\sim}960MHz$. Based on the constructed model, characteristics on the forward link signal for the EPCglobal C1G2 RFID reader are simulated with the help of a MATLAB softwarein order to extract the design parameters of a transmit digital filter which meets the Korean RFID regulations. Herein, the forward link model is consisted of PIE source coding, transmit digital filter, modulation, local oscillator, and antenna. From the simulation results, the ranges of three design parameters(roll-off factor, cutoff frequency, the number of tabs) for transmit digital filter are obtained with different modulation techniques and the Tari(type a reference interval) values. Finally, DSB/SSB-ASK modulation technique can not satisfy the EPCglobal C1G2 specification when Tari equals to $6.25{\mu}sec$ in a multiple-reader environment. Consequently this paper can provide a guideline for design parameters of a RFID reader as well as the basic scheme of analyzing frequency interference problems in RFID environments, including multiple-reader and dense-reader environments.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.24 no.11
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• pp.235-243
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• 2019

Universities are opening related majors and subjects to nurture the problem-solving fusion that businesses want. The time has come when rapid technological. On this thesis, we analyzed three years (2017-2019) of survey result of Women University students in order to figuring out and dealing with the change in 4th industrial revolution and intellectual information technology. It turns out that 1) there was an increase of interest in 4th industrial revolution from 59% in 2017 to 80% in 2019, 2) IoT, ICT, Artificial Intelligence, and Education Research System became top priority in technical strategy, 3)the prime keyword is AI, robot, job, 4)the expectation on increasing of the opportunity and the number of jobs in science technology field was 50%, 5)the importance of universities and companies was 50%, 80% each, 6) the information needed for science technology were educational discipline, change in future science, prospective future information in order, and 7)the most needed education were education on creativity, coding, cross-subject, engineering in order. In the era of the fourth industrial revolution, it is essential to expand the SW manpower base in various fields. University education, which should provide connectivity for super-fusion, should provide curriculum optimized for industrial demands such as, fusion and connected education, creative thinking, self-directed problem solving and etc.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.72-81
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• 2019

Bisphenol A (BPA), a representative endocrine disrupting chemicals, has adverse effects on growth, development and reproduction in aquatic organisms. The object of this study was to investigate the modulation of antioxidant enzyme-coding genes using quantitative real time RT-PCR (qRT-PCR), enzyme activity and total protein content, to understand oxidative stress responses after exposure to BPA for 48 h in brackish water flea Diaphanosoma celebensis. The BPA ($3mg\;L^{-1}$) significantly upregulated the expression of Cu/Zn-SOD, Mn-SOD, and catalase (CAT) mRNA. Three GST isoforms (GST-kappa, GST-mu, and GST-theta) mRNA levels significantly increased at the rate of $0.12mg\;L^{-1}$ of BPA. In particular, GST-mu showed the highest expression level, indicating its key role in antioxidant response to BPA. SOD activity was induced with a concentration-dependent manner, and total protein contents was reduced. These findings indicate that BPA can induce oxidative stress in this species, and these antioxidants may be involved in cellular protection against BPA exposure. This study will provide a better understanding of molecular mode of action of BPA toxicity in aquatic organisms.

• Plant Breeding and Biotechnology
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.243-251
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• 2017

Rhus chinensis is a shrub widely distributed in Asia. It has been used for traditional medicine and ecological restoration. Here, we report the complete chloroplast genome sequence of two R. chinensis genotypes collected from China and Korea. The assembled chloroplast genome of Chinese R. chinensis is 149,094 bp long, consisting of a large single copy (97,246 bp), a small single copy (18,644 bp) and a pair of inverted repeats (16,602 bp). Gene annotation revealed 77 protein coding genes, 30 tRNA genes, and 4 rRNA genes. A phylogenomic analysis of the chloroplast genomes with 11 known complete chloroplast genomes clarified the relationship of R. chinensis with the other plant species in the Sapindales order. A comparative chloroplast genome analysis identified 170 SNPs and 85 InDels at intra-species level of R. chinensis between Chinese and Korean collections. Based on the sequence diversity between Korea and Chinese R. chinensis plants, we developed three DNA markers useful for genetic diversity and authentication system. The chloroplast genome information obtained in this study will contribute to enriching genetic resources and conservation of endemic Rhus species.

• Plant Breeding and Biotechnology
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.334-343
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• 2017

Eclipta prostrata and E. alba are annual herbal medicinal plants and have been used as Chinese medicinal tonics. Both species are widely distributed in tropical and subtropical regions as well as in Korea. Both species have similar morphological features but E. alba has smoother leaf blade margins compared with E. prostrata. Although both species are utilized as oriental medicines, E. prostrata is more widely used than E. alba. Morphological semblances have confounded identification of either species. Here, we report the complete chloroplast genomes of both species to provide an authentication system between the two species and understand their diversity. Both chloroplast genomes were 151,733-151,757 bp long and composed of a large single copy (83,285-83,300 bp), a small single copy (18,283-18,346 bp), and a pair of inverted repeats (25,075-25,063 bp). Gene annotation revealed 80 protein coding genes, 30 tRNA genes and four rRNA genes. A phylogenetic analysis revealed that the genus Eclipta is grouped with Heliantheae tribe species in the Asteraceae family. A comparative analysis verified 29 InDels and 58 SNPs between chloroplast genomes of E. prostrata and E. alba. The low chloroplast genome sequence diversity indicates that both species are really close to each other and are not completely diverged yet. We developed six DNA markers that distinguish E. prostrata and E. alba based on the polymorphisms of chloroplast genomes between E. prostrata and E. alba. The chloroplast genome sequences and the molecular markers generated in this study will be useful for further research of Eclipta species and accurate classification of medicinal herbs.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.105-111
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• 2006

Cryptographic application and coding theory require operations in finite field $GF(2^m)$. In such a field, the area and time complexity of implementation estimate by memory and time delay. Therefore, the effort for constructing an efficient multiplier in finite field have been proceeded. Massey-Omura proposed a multiplier that uses normal bases to represent elements $CH(2^m)$ [11] and Agnew at al. suggested a sequential multiplier that is a modification of Massey-Omura's structure for reducing the path delay. Recently, Rayhani-Masoleh and Hasan and S.Kwon at al. suggested a area efficient multipliers for modifying Agnew's structure respectively[2,3]. In [2] Rayhani-Masoleh and Hasan proposed a modified multiplier that has slightly increased a critical path delay from Agnew at al's structure. But, In [3] S.Kwon at al. proposed a modified multiplier that has no loss of a time efficiency from Agnew's structure. In this paper we will propose a multiplier by modifying Rayhani-Masoleh and Hassan's structure and the area-time complexity of the proposed multiplier is exactly same as that of S.Kwon at al's structure for type-II optimal normal basis.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.234-247
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• 2021

We used a heterozygous gene deletion library of fission yeasts comprising all essential and non-essential genes for a microarray screening of target genes of the antifungal terbinafine, which inhibits ergosterol synthesis via the Erg1 enzyme. We identified 14 heterozygous strains corresponding to 10 non-essential [7 ribosomal-protein (RP) coding genes, spt7, spt20, and elp2] and 4 essential genes (tif302, rpl2501, rpl31, and erg1). Expectedly, their erg1 mRNA and protein levels had decreased compared to the control strain SP286. When we studied the action mechanism of the non-essential target genes using cognate haploid deletion strains, knockout of SAGA-subunit genes caused a down-regulation in erg1 transcription compared to the control strain ED668. However, knockout of RP genes conferred no susceptibility to ergosterol-targeting antifungals. Surprisingly, the RP genes participated in the erg1 transcription as components of repressor complexes as observed in a comparison analysis of the experimental ratio of erg1 mRNA. To understand the action mechanism of the interaction between the drug and the novel essential target genes, we performed isobologram assays with terbinafine and econazole (or cycloheximide). Terbinafine susceptibility of the tif302 heterozygous strain was attributed to both decreased erg1 mRNA levels and inhibition of translation. Moreover, Tif302 was required for efficacy of both terbinafine and cycloheximide. Based on a molecular modeling analysis, terbinafine could directly bind to Tif302 in yeasts, suggesting Tif302 as a potential off-target of terbinafine. In conclusion, this genome-wide screening system can be harnessed for the identification and characterization of target genes under any condition of interest.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.488-498
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• 2021

This study applied Flipped Learning teaching and learning method to Basics Cooking Practice Subject using YouTube. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether the curriculum is properly progressing by grasping the effects of before and after learning and analyzing learners' subjectivity through the learning process. The investigation period was conducted from August 01, 2020 to September 10, 2020. According to the research design of Q Methodology, it was divided into five stages: Q sample selection, P sample selection, Q sorting, coding and recruiting, conclusion and discussion. As a result of the analysis, the first type (N=5): Prior Learning effect, the second type (N=7): Simulation practice effect, and the third type (N=3): self-efficacy effect. As a result, by applying the flipped learning teaching method of the Basics Cooking Practice Subject using YouTube, positive effects such as inducing interest in the class and increasing confidence were found in active learners, but some learners lacked understanding of the system of the class operation method. However, the lack of number of training sessions compared to other subjects is considered to be a solution to be solved later.