• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제32권10A호
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• pp.950-957
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• 2007

본 논문에서는 상호협력 STBC-OFDM 시스템에서 다른 반송파 주파수 옵셋(CFO) 존재시 이를 극복할 수 있는 반복적 반송파간 간섭(ICI) 제거 기법을 제안한다. 상호협력 STBC-OFDM 시스템에서 존재하는 다른 CFO는 수신 신호에서 위상차를 발생하여 STBC 복호 과정에서 잡음 증가 현상을 가져온다. 이러한 잡음 증가 효과에 따른 성능 감소는 본 논문에서 제안된 ML 기반의 반복적 ICI 제거 기법을 사용하여 효과적으로 감소시킬 수 있음을 보인다. 모의실험을 통하여 제안된 반복적 ICI 제거 기법이 특히 FFT 크기가 크고 CFO 값이 큰 STBC-OFDM 시스템에서 ICI의 영향을 감소하는데 효과적으로 사용될 수 있음을 확인한다.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제7권12호
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• pp.3118-3134
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• 2013

This paper deliberates for a multimedia transmission scheme combining multiple description coding (MDC) and network coding (NC). Our goal is to take advantage from the property of MDC to provide quantized and compressed independent and identically distributed (iid) descriptions and also from the benefit of network coding, which uses network resources efficiently to recover lost data in the network. Recently, p-cycle NC has been introduced to recover and protect any lost or distorted descriptions at the receiver part exactly without need of retransmission. So far, MDC have not been explored using this type of NC. Compressed and coded descriptions are transmitted through the network where p-cycle NC is applied. P-cycle based algorithm is proposed for single and multiple descriptions lost. Results show that in the fixed bit rate, the PSNR (Peak Signal to Noise Ratio) of our reconstructed image and also subjective evaluation is improved significantly compared to previous work which is averaging method joint with MDC in order to conceal lost descriptions.

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 1988

For the purpose of making the detection range of fish detection system more longer and computerizing the system a parametric sound source, a timer and a digitizing circuit for the Apple II computer have been studied. The parametric sound of 5 KHz generated by passing AND gate two signals from carrier signal generator of 200KHz with modulator of 5KHz. This parametric acoustic source of 5KHz difference frequency had more higher directional resolution of 10 degrees than single frequency sound of 200KHz. Peripheral interface adaptor MC 6821 was adopted for interfacing to the Apple II personal computer. The timer consisted of six decade binary coded decimal counters (74 LS 190), and the digitizing circuit consisted of a sample and hold (LF 398) and an A/D converter(ADC 0808). The timer with 10KHz clock pulse had the measuring time from 0.1msec to 100sec. This time measuring range was satisfactory for the aim of the fish finding acoustic system.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제16권11호
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• pp.2397-2404
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• 2012

수중에서의 통신은 해수면과 해저면 등에 의한 신호의 반사가 생겨 다중경로 현상이 발생한다. 이러한 다중경로의 영향으로 신호는 왜곡되고 원활한 수신을 방해하게 된다. 이러한 다중 경로 환경에서 본 논문에서는 수신신호의 성능을 향상시키고자 수중통신에 적합한 반복부호를 설정하였다. 적용가능한 반복부호로는 터보 부호와 LDPC 부호가 있으며, 성능 및 부호화 길이, 등화기 적용 등의 파라메타를 기반으로 수중통신에서는 터보 부호의 적용이 적합하다는 결론을 얻었다. 따라서 터보 부호 기반으로 다중경로로 인한 위상 오차 추정은 decision directed 방식을 이용하여 위상 추적을 하였다. 실제 동해 바다에서 송수신 거리가 3Km 그리고 데이터 속도를 1Kbps로 설정하여 터보 부호의 성능을 확인하였다.

• 자원환경지질
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.185-191
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• 1988

A two channel seismic recorder suitable for long-term observation of microearthquakes is developed. The direct analogue recording on cassette tape is adopted in the recorder whose circuits of amplifier and mortor units of an audio cassette recorder are modified. The recorder provides contineous record of 10 days with DC 12V battery (100AH) and with standard cassette tape of 60 minute use. The binary coded time signals of date, hour, and minute are generated once a minute by the timing system and absolute time input using radio to measure the time drift is also possible. For the seismic signal processing, the analogue signals from audio cassette player pass A/D converter and digitized data are stored in personal computer. Then visual records can be obtained using computer graphic mode. Basic programs "ADCONVO" and "DRAWO" to accomplish A/D conversions, the creation of data files and visualization of signals were written. Some sample signals reproduced from the recorded tape are presented.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.612-618
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• 2014

A pattern classifier-based approach for recognizing internal states of human participants in interactions is presented along with its experimental results. The approach includes a step for collecting video recordings of human-human interactions or humanrobot interactions and subsequently analyzing the videos based on human coded annotations. The annotation includes social signals directly observed in the video recordings and the internal states of human participants indirectly inferred from those observed social signals. Then, a pattern classifier is trained using the annotation data, and tested. In our experiments on human-robot interaction, 7 video recordings were collected and annotated with 20 social signals and 7 internal states. Several experiments were performed to obtain an 84.83% recall rate for interaction engagement, 93% for concentration intention, and 81% for task comprehension level using a C4.5 based decision tree classifier.

• 한국음향학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.217-223
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• 2005

본 논문에서는 분산 음성 인식 시스템에서 사용되는 멜켑스트럼 계수를 양자화 하기 위하여 예측 구조를 갖는 BC-TCQ 양자화기를 제안하였다. 분산 음성 인식 시스템을 위한 효율적인 멜켑스트럼 계수 양자화기를 설계하기 위하여, 인접 프레임간의 높은 상관도를 이용한 1차 AR 예측 필터를 적용하였다. 그리고 예측 필터에 의해서 구해지는 예측 에러 벡터는 BC-TCQ를 사용하여 양자화를 수행하였다. 본 연구에서 제안된 예측 BC-TCQ멜켑스트럼 계수 양자화기는 분산 음성 인식 시스템을 위해 ETSI 규격에서 사용되는 split VQ 멜켑스트럼 계수 양자화 방식보다 cepstral distortion (CD) 측면에서 훨씬 좋은 성능을 보이며, 인코딩 연산 복잡도 및 메모리 요구량에서도 더 유리하다.

• International Journal of Fuzzy Logic and Intelligent Systems
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.52-57
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• 2003

In this paper, we propose a Fuzzy Classifier System(FCS) to find a set of fuzzy rules which can carry out the edge detection. The classifier system of Holland can evaluate the usefulness of rules represented by classifiers with repeated learning. FCS makes the classifier system be able to carry out the mapping from continuous inputs to outputs. It is the FCS that applies the method of machine learning to the concept of fuzzy logic. It is that the antecedent and consequent of classifier is same as a fuzzy rule. In this paper, the FCS is the Michigan style. A single fuzzy if-then rule is coded as an individual. The average gray levels which each group of neighbor pixels has are represented into fuzzy set. Then a pixel is decided whether it is edge pixel or not using fuzzy if-then rules. Depending on the average of gray levels, a number of fuzzy rules can be activated, and each rules makes the output. These outputs are aggregated and defuzzified to take new gray value of the pixel. To evaluate this edge detection, we will compare the new gray level of a pixel with gray level obtained by the other edge detection method such as Sobel edge detection. This comparison provides a reinforcement signal for FCS which is reinforcement learning. Also the FCS employs the Genetic Algorithms to make new rules and modify rules when performance of the system needs to be improved.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2002년도 ITC-CSCC -3
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• pp.1567-1570
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• 2002

This paper deals with FPGA(Field Programmable Gate Array) implementation of the AAC(Advanced Audio Coding) decoder. On modern computer culture, according to the high quality data is required in multimedia systems area such as CD, DAT(Digital Audio Tape) and modem. So, the technology of data compression far data transmission is necessity now. MPEG(Moving Picture Experts Group) would be a standard of those technology. MPEG-2 AAC is the availableness and ITU-R advanced coding scheme far high quality audio coding. This MPEG-2 AAC audio standard allows ITU-R 'indistinguishable' quality according to at data rates of 320 Kbit/sec for five full-bandwidth channel audio signals. The compression ratio is around a factor of 1.4 better compared to MPEG Layer-III, it gets the same quality at 70％ of the titrate. In this paper, for a real time processing MPEG2 AAC decoding, it is implemented on FPGA chip. The architecture designed is composed of general DSP(Digital Signal Processor). And the Processor designed is coded using VHDL language. The verification is operated with the simulator of C language programmed and ECAD tool.

• 한국전자파학회논문지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.51-59
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• 2004

본 논문에서는 LDPC에 근거한 semi-BICM 기법에 의해 다중 레벨 부호화(MLC)를 설계한다. 기존의 설계와는 다르게 그레이 매핑에 의해 MLC와 BICM을 결합함으로써 서로 다른 부호율(code rate)의 다수의 등가 채널상에서의 멀티미디어 데이터 전송이 가능하다. AWCN 채널용량에 매우 가까운 SNR에서 양호한 성능을 얻기 위해 랜덤 레귤러 LDPC 부호와 단순한 SA-LDPC 부호를 병렬 독립 복호가 가능한 MLC 부호로서 고찰하였다. 또한, 제안방식은 멀티미디어 통신시스템을 위한 전력 및 대역폭 효율을 얻을 수 있음을 수치해석 결과를 이용하여 나타내었다.