• The Journal of Korean Medical History
• /
• v.28 no.1
• /
• pp.93-102
• /
• 2015

Objectives : The aim of this paper is finding the combinations of the medicinal herbs that are used frequently by analyzing the details of the herbal medicinal prescriptions used by the patients who were diagnosed with M54 code diseases. In addition, I will seek to assess the demonstrative pattern that frequently manifest in the M54 code disease patients by using the combinations of the medicinal herbs that are used frequently. Methods : After having extracted the prescription administered to the patients with the diagnostic code of M54, find the relevance with the demonstrative pattern by analyzing the combination for each of the medicinal herb effectiveness. Use the list of medicinal herbs utilized in the corresponding prescription to examine the most frequent combination of the medicinal herbs through the generation of up to 25 arbitrary combinations of the medicinal herbs. Results & Conclusions : As the results of the analysis of the details of the use of the prescribed herbal medicine packages by the Korean Medicine Hospital of Pusan National University, regarding the back pain of the diagnostic code M54, the prescriptions that corresponded to the kidney deficiency pattern, static blood pattern, wind pattern, dampness pattern, food accumulation pattern, qi depression pattern and phlegm-retained fluid pattern back pain among the back pain classifications under the Dongeuibogam (東醫寶鑑) were used frequently, and, regarding the Nape Pain, prescriptions that corresponded to the pain arising from the wind-dampness and phlegm the 'Taeyang meridian' was most frequent.

• Genomics & Informatics
• /
• v.21 no.1
• /
• pp.4.1-4.18
• /
• 2023

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an inflammatory and infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 virus with a complex pathophysiology. While COVID-19 vaccines and boosters are available, treatment of the disease is primarily supportive and symptomatic. Several research have suggested the potential of herbal medicines as an adjunctive treatment for the disease. A popular herbal medicine approved in the Philippines for the treatment of acute respiratory disease is Vitex negundo L. In fact, the Department of Science and Technology of the Philippines has funded a clinical trial to establish its potential as an adjunctive treatment for COVID-19. Here, we utilized network pharmacology and molecular docking in determining pivotal targets of Vitex negundo compounds against COVID-19. The results showed that significant targets of Vitex negundo compounds in COVID-19 are CSB, SERPINE1, and PLG which code for cathepsin B, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, and plasminogen, respectively. Molecular docking revealed that α-terpinyl acetate and geranyl acetate have good binding affinity in cathepsin B; 6,7,4-trimethoxyflavanone, 5,6,7,8,3',4',5'-heptamethoxyflavone, artemetin, demethylnobiletin, gardenin A, geranyl acetate in plasminogen; and 7,8,4-trimethoxyflavanone in plasminogen activator inhibitor-1. While the results are promising, these are bound to the limitations of computational methods and further experimentation are needed to completely establish the molecular mechanisms of Vitex negundo against COVID-19.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
• /
• v.45 no.4
• /
• pp.527-534
• /
• 2021

Background: Phenological studies are a prerequisite for accomplishing higher productivity and better crop quality in cultivated plants. However, there are no phenological studies on Panax ginseng that improve its production yield. This study aims to redefine the phenological growth stages of P. ginseng based on the existing Biologische Bundesanstalt, Bundessortenamt und Chemische Industrie (BBCH) scale and proposes a disease control reference. Methods: This study was conducted at the Korea Ginseng Corporation Experiment Station in Gyeonggi province, South Korea. Phenological observations were performed once weekly or twice monthly, based on the developmental stages. The existing BBCH scale with a three-digit code was used to redefine and update P. ginseng's phenological growth codes. Results: The phenological description is divided into eight principal growth stages: three for vegetative growth (perennating bud, aerial shoot, and root development), four for reproductive growth (reproductive organ development, flowering, fruit development, and fruit maturation), and one for senescence according to the extended BBCH scale. A total of 58 secondary growth stages were described within the eight principal growth stages. Under each secondary growth stage, four mesostages are also taken into account, which contains the distinct patterns of the phenological characteristics in ginseng varieties and the process of transplanting seedlings. A practical management program for disease control was also proposed by using the BBCH code and the phenological data proposed in this work. Conclusion: The study introduces an extended BBCH scale for the phenological research of P. ginseng.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
• /
• v.51 no.5
• /
• pp.227-233
• /
• 2018

Objectives: Chronic diseases, including back pain, result in significant patient morbidity and societal burden. Overall improvement in physical fitness is recommended for prevention and treatment. Walking is a convenient modality for achieving initial gains. Our objective was to determine whether neighbourhood walkability, acting as a surrogate measure of physical fitness, was associated with the presence of chronic disease. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study of prospectively collected data from a prior randomized cohort study of 227 patients referred for tertiary assessment of chronic back pain in Ottawa, ON, Canada. The Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) was calculated from patient-completed questionnaires and medical record review. Using patients' postal codes, neighbourhood walkability was determined using the Walk Score, which awards points based on the distance to the closest amenities, yielding a score from 0 to 100 (0-50: car-dependent; 50-100: walkable). Results: Based on the Walk Score, 134 patients lived in car-dependent neighborhoods and 93 lived in walkable neighborhoods. A multivariate logistic regression model, adjusted for age, gender, rural postal code, body mass index, smoking, median household income, percent employment, pain, and disability, demonstrated an adjusted odds ratio of 2.75 (95% confidence interval, 1.16 to 6.53) times higher prevalence for having a chronic disease for patients living in a car-dependent neighborhood. There was also a significant dose-related association (p=0.01; Mantel-Haenszel chi-square=6.4) between living in car-dependent neighbourhoods and more severe CCI scores. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that advocating for improved neighbourhood planning to permit greater walkability may help offset the burden of chronic disease.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
• /
• v.23 no.4
• /
• pp.213-223
• /
• 2013

Objectives Low back pain (LBP) is one of the most common reason for people in Korea to visit Korean medical institutions. To assess actual amounts of use in the treatment of LBP in Korean medicine and to provide objective base line data for policy decision making, research regarding the current state of LBP patients' treatment in Korean medical institutions are in need. Methods The current study was designed as a retrospective chart review to investigate descriptive characteristics of LBP patients. The clinical records of 304 patients who were hospitalized for the treatment of LBP in Korean rehabilitation medicine inpatient clinics of five different Korean medicine hospitals were analyzed. The percentage of patient characteristics such as sex, age, average duration of admission, insurance type, diagnosed LBP related disease code, and rates of interventions applied were assessed. Results 1. The female sex was significantly predominant among patients with LBP : 105 patients (34.5%) were male and 199 patients (65.5%) were female. Percentage of the patients' age appeared as followed : 76 people (25.0%) were in their 50s, 64 people (21.1%) were in their 40s, 51 people (16.8%) were in their 30s, 37 people (12.2%) were in their 60s, and 33 people (10.9%) were in their 70s. Approximately half of the total LBP patients investigated were older than 50. 2. The average duration of admission was 16.2 days. Approximately one third (30.3%) of the patients were hospitalized for 8 to 14 days. 3. Female patients tended to stay admitted in hospitals slightly longer than male patients. Elderly (age 60~79) patients stayed in hospitals longer (17.8 days) compared to younger (age 20~39) patients (13.5 days). 4. More than half of the patients (171 cases, 56.3%) had their hospital bills covered with automobile insurance. 40.1% (122 cases) of the patients had medical insurance to cover their hospital bills. The average duration of admission of patients who had automobile insurance was 14.2 days, while that of the patients who had medical insurance was 18.4 days. 5. "Sprain and strain of the lumbar spine and pelvis" was the most commonly used (195 cases, 64.1%) disease code in patients with LBP. Patients diagnosed as "lumbar and other intervertebral disc disorders with radiculopathy" required the longest admission duration (22.1 days). 6. Herbal medication was applied to all of the patients during admission. Acupuncture was applied to all of the patients except one case diagnosed as spinal stenosis. Physical therapy, cupping therapy, moxibustion therapy, chuna therapy, and pharmacopuncture therapy were applied to 94.7, 92.8, 85.2, 83.9, and 49.7% of the patients, respectively. 7. There were certain differences among Korean medicine hospitals in terms of the LBP patients' duration of admission, type of insurance, frequency of the disease code use, type of intervention applied. Conclusions It is thought that the current study can be used as reference data in assessing the current state of LBP treatment in Korean rehabilitation medicine and a basis for future research. Provided improvements of certain limitations of the current study in future researches, such data would act as better base line data in policy decision making.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
• /
• v.49 no.2
• /
• pp.206-216
• /
• 2022

This study aimed to investigate the frequency of dental visits after coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in children and adolescents in comparison to that of adults. The data on the number of dental visits on the basis of different classification and treatment codes for all the age groups were provided by the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service from January 2017 to December 2020. To reduce the impact of the population change, dental visits per 1000 people was used. After the start of the pandemic, dental visits per 1000 people decreased in all age groups when analyzed for the diseases of pulp and periapical tissues classification code and dental visits per 1000 people decreased over 5 years age groups when analyzed for the pulp treatment code. Regarding the restorative treatment code, visits in the 0 - 19 years age group decreased after the pandemic. Based on the comparison of the number of confirmed COVID-19 cases to that of monthly dental visits by treatment codes, the change rate of pulp and restorative treatments gradually decreased after the waves of the pandemic in February and August 2020 in Korea. Furthermore, dental visits per 1000 people for gingivitis and periodontal disease classification code increased after the pandemic in all age groups. The rate of decrease in dental visits per 1000 people for restorative treatments in children and adolescents was higher than that in adults. The rate of decrease in the number of dental visits for multi-visit pulp treatments showed a rapid decrease as compared to that of 1-visit pulp treatments after the pandemic. This study identified changes in the number of dental visits of children and adolescents after COVID-19 transmission in comparison to that observed in adults.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• v.14 no.3
• /
• pp.235-241
• /
• 2016

Among recent issues emerging in the areas related to the society, health has received the most attention. In this paper, for a patient unable to do self-care because of worsened diseases, a biological information transfer method is proposed by which the disease information can be securely managed, by attaching an implantable device into the body. Our method object of the invention is to prevent a third party from illegally intercepting and interfering with the biological information attached to the insertion device in the body. In the proposed technique to improve the safety of the patient between the hospital and physician by assigning each code to the biometric information of the patient in order to prevent a third party tapping and interfering. In addition, our method is assigned a code necessary for encoding in advance to confirm the biological information between the patient and the hospital (doctor) in a manner dividing the bio-information code. In particular, the proposed technique makes a third party unable to illegally tap or interfere in, by previously generating a code used for encoding so that it can be stored in the database of the hospital, which not only decreased hospital care time to 6.9%, but also increased work efficiency rate up to 12.7%.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
• /
• v.7 no.1
• /
• pp.215-219
• /
• 1990

The authors developed a comfortable program for routine work of surgical pathology. We used IBM PC(80386) and Foxbase plus program. The main function of this program was automatic coding and concurrent surgical report printing. During gross printing, previous biopsy number and its diagnosis were automatically searched and printed below gross description. The reported datas were stored during surgical report printing simultaneously, and thus the typist's workload became considerably reduced. Search for specific cases could be performed by patient's name, surgical number, hospital number, diagnostic code numbers(SNOMED code microglossary), and certain disease entities on very short duration.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
• /
• v.18 no.5
• /
• pp.337-342
• /
• 2009

This paper describes a robust mobile u-healthcare system with multiple physiological signs measurement capability in real time with integration of WSN(wireless sensor network) technology and CDMA(code division multiple access) network. A cellular phone receives health data in WSN and performs local physiological signs analysis at a phone processor, and then transmits abnormal data to server for further detail or precise health signal evaluation by a medical doctor over a CDMA network. Physiological signs of the patients are continuously monitored, processed and analyzed locally at cellular phone process to produce useful medical information for diagnosis and tracking purposes. By local simple analysis in cellular phone processor we can save the data transmission cost in CDMA network. By using the developed integrate ubiquitous healthcare service architecture, patients can realize self-health checking so that the prevention actions can be taken earlier. Appropriate self-monitoring and self-management can cure disease and relieve pain especially for patients who suffer from chronic diseases that need long term observation.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• v.16 no.14
• /
• pp.5903-5906
• /
• 2015

Background: Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a serious public health problem in the Northeast of Thailand. CCA is considered to be an incurable and rapidly lethal disease. Knowledge of the distribution of CCA patients is necessary for management strategies. Objectives: This study aimed to utilize the Geographic Information System and Google $Earth^{TM}$ for distribution mapping of cholangiocarcinoma in Satuek District, Buriram, Thailand, during a 5-year period (2008-2012). Materials and Methods: In this retrospective study data were collected and reviewed from the OPD cards, definitive cases of CCA were patients who were treated in Satuek hospital and were diagnosed with CCA or ICD-10 code C22.1. CCA cases were used to analyze and calculate with ArcGIS 9.2, all of data were imported into Google Earth using the online web page www.earthpoint.us. Data were displayed at village points. Results: A total of 53 cases were diagnosed and identified as CCA. The incidence was 53.57 per 100,000 population (65.5 for males and 30.8 for females) and the majority of CCA cases were in stages IV and IIA. The average age was 67 years old. The highest attack rate was observed in Thung Wang sub-district (161.4 per 100,000 population). The map display at village points for CCA patients based on Google Earth gave a clear visual deistribution. Conclusions: CCA is still a major problem in Satuek district, Buriram province of Thailand. The Google Earth production process is very simple and easy to learn. It is suitable for the use in further development of CCA management strategies.